quiz 7

Question 1

______ are the building blocks of rocks

Answer 1

minerals

Question 2

The two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust are ____ and _____

Answer 2

Silicon and Oxygen

Question 3

Minerals whose chemical elements include carbon and oxygen as a major part of their chemical composition are called_____

Answer 3

carbonates

Question 4

A(n) ____ is a fundamental unit of matter that cannot be broken down by ordinary means

Answer 4

Element

Question 5

____ are the most common group of minerals on Earth

Answer 5

Silicates

Question 6

On the Mohs hardness scale, the hardest mineral is ___

Answer 6

Diamond

Question 7

Which physical properties distinguish a particular mineral from all others

Answer 7

Chemical composition and crystalline structure

Question 8

The least useful physical characteristic for identifying minerals is ____

Answer 8

color

Question 9

True or false: it is not necessary for a substance to be a solid to be a mineral

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or false: Ice is a mineral

Answer 10

true

Question 11

True or false: Only eigt elements (oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium) make up more than 98 percent of Earth’s crust

Answer 11

True

Question 12

True or False: A substance in which atoms are arranged without a regular, orderly, periodically repeated pattern is called a crystal

Answer 12

False

Question 13

The process of rocks breaking down into smaller pieces is known as _____

Answer 13

Weathering

Question 14

Melted rock within Earth is called ____, while melted rock on Earth’s surface is called ____.

Answer 14

Magma, Lava

Question 15

The most common igneous rock is ____

Answer 15

Granite

Question 16

Most of the oceanic crust is made up of _____, whereas most of the continental crust is composed of ____.

Answer 16

Basalt and Granite

Question 17

As heat is buried and compacted by overlying sediment, it converts to _____

Answer 17

Coal

Question 18

When magma cools and crystallizes, ____ rocks are formed

Answer 18

Igneous

Question 19

True or false: The interaction between limestone and the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and that dissolved in the oceans are an important determinant to global climate

Answer 19

True

Question 20

In order, the steps to forming a sedimentary rock are____

Answer 20

Weathering, erosion, compaction, and lithification

Question 21

The process by which rocks and minerals change in response to changing temperature, pressure, and or chemical composition within the crust is _____

Answer 21

metamorphism

Question 22

Sandstone, silt stone, and shale are ___ rocks

Answer 22

Clastic Sedimentary

Question 23

The formation of limestone reduces the amount of ____ gas in the atmosphere and ocean

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide

Question 24

Metamorphic rock forms when ___

Answer 24

igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks change because of high temperature and or pressure, or compositional changes, or are deformed during mountain building

Question 25

True or False: Rocks are permanent over geologic time

Answer 25

False

Question 26

Alfred Wegener's ____ theory hypothesized that Earth's continents were once joined together and later split, and drifted apart

Answer 26

Continental Drift

Question 27

The ___ includes Earth's crust and the uppermost strong and rigid part of the mantle

Answer 27

Lithosphere

Question 28

The Himalayan Mountain Range is an example of a ___ boundary

Answer 28

Convergent

Question 29

When a plate carrying continental crust converges with a plate carrying oceanic crust___

Answer 29

the oceanic plate sinks beneath the continental plate and dives into the mantle

Question 30

When two continental plates converge, they form____

Answer 30

huge mountain ranges

Question 31

When two plates carrying oceanic crust converge____

Answer 31

the older, denser plate sinks into the mantle

Question 32

True or False: A single plate can carry both oceanic and continental crust

Answer 32

True

Question 33

The entire mantle-lithosphere system circulates in great ____ cells.

Answer 33

convection