Quiz #7 (Cells)

Question 1

What is the functions for cell membrane?

Answer 1

• Forms barriers for chemical reactions
• Controls what goes in and out of cell

Question 2

What does selectively permeable mean?

Answer 2

allows some substances to cross but not others

Question 3

What is the cell membrane made of?

Answer 3

Phospholipids

Question 4

How to describe the interior of a cell?

Answer 4

Interior is water “fearing” (hydrophobic fatty acids)

Question 5

How to describe the exterior of a cell?

Answer 5

Exterior is water “loving” (hydrophilic phosphate group)

Question 6

What things are rejected by the cell membrane?

Answer 6

large molecules, charged particles (ions), and polar molecules (water)

Question 7

What things can pass through the cell membrane?

Answer 7

Small molecules, and non polar

Question 8

What is a mosaic?

Answer 8

A surface made of small fragments

Question 9

What are glycoproteins?

Answer 9

Acts as identification markers for cell to cell communication

Question 10

What do protein channels do?

Answer 10

Move substances that are rejected by the cell membrane into the cell membrane

Question 11

How do molecules pass through the cell membrane?

Answer 11

Passive or active transport

Question 12

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 12

Particles moving from a place with high concentration to low concentration

Question 13

What is concentration gradient?

Answer 13

The difference in concentration on 2 sides of the membrane

Question 14

What is passive transport?

Answer 14

No energy needed for this - molecules moving from high to low concentration

Question 15

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 15

Type of passive transport that uses special proteins to move molecules across the membrane

Question 16

What is diabetes?

Answer 16

inability for glucose to pass through glucose channel

Question 17

What is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 17

inability of chloride ions to pass through chloride channels

Question 18

What is osmosis?

Answer 18

The diffusion of water across a membrane

Question 19

What is tonicity?

Answer 19

The relationship between solution inside and outside a cell

Question 20

What does it mean when the solutions are isotonic?

Answer 20

The 2 solutions are equal in solute

Question 21

What does it mean solutions are hypotonic?

Answer 21

The solution with lower concentration (will move to where there is less water) - the cell will burst

Question 22

What does it mean when solution are hypertonic?

Answer 22

The solution with higher solute (will to move to where there is less water) - the cell will shrink

Question 23

What is active transport?

Answer 23

an energy requiring process moving molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration - ATP is responsible for this

Question 24

What is exocytosis?

Answer 24

Exiting out of cell by membrane bound vesicles

Question 25

What is endocytosis?

Answer 25

Taking things into the cell by infoldings or pockets of the cell membrane

Question 26

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 26

The cell membrane wrapped around food/prey until it is packaged inside a vacuole

Question 27

What are the types of endocytosis?

Answer 27

Phagocytosis, Receptor mediated, pinocytosis

Question 28

What is an organelle?

Answer 28

Membrane bound structure that carries out specific functions in cell

Question 29

What is the function of nuclear pore?

Answer 29

allows RNA to travel to ribosomes

Question 30

What are vesicles?

Answer 30

tiny membrane bound sacs that allow materials to be shipped through cell/system

Question 31

What is the endomembrane system?

Answer 31

allows particles (proteins, lipids, hormones) to move within and out of cell

Question 32

What do vacuoles do?

Answer 32

allow for the isolation of materials