Quiz Ch. 6 Flashcards
(21 cards)
arbitrary
symbols used to represent things that are not intrinsically connected to those things
ambiguous
language that does not have precise, concrete meanings
abstract
words are not concrete or tangible items; they are only representations
hierarchical
language that is structured according to more or less, higher or lower
single-word approach
meaning is derived from individual words used in a strategic way
metaphor
comparisons that show how two things are alike in an important way, despite being quite different in most ways
simile
comparisons between two objects that allow each object in the comparison to retain its unique differences
ideograph
an ill-defined, politically powerful term or phrase that can push people to action
word-cluster approach
meaning is conveyed through more complex structures such as stories
arguments from the past
appropriating historical events facts, or people to justify present or future actions, or explain events in the here and now
myth
a rhetorical construction that tries to explain natural events or cultural phenomena and is used to identify with a group and justify actions or beliefs
narrative paradigm
humans are storytelling beings by nature
narrative coherence
the degree to which a story makes sense in the world in which we live
narrative fidelity
the degree to which our story matches our own beliefs and experiences
repetition
repeating either the same phrasing pattern for main points, or a phrase you just stated, in order to maximize the audience’s ability to receive the information
alliteration
repeating the same consonant or vowel sound at the beginning of subsequent words
parallelism
similarly structuring related words, phrases, or clauses
antithesis
two ideas that sharply contrast with each other and are juxtaposed in a parallel grammatical structure
profanity
coarse and irreverent language
hate speech
rude and crude speech that attacks or demeans a particular ethnic group many times with the intent of inciting action against that group
dehumanizing
making people seem less than human in order to more easily motivate action against them
