Quiz Europe/Colonization/Slavery/Pirates Flashcards
(36 cards)
During what years were millions of Africans captured and shipped to America and sold as slaves?
-Which ocean were they transported across?
the 1500s-1800s
-The Atlantic Ocean
Why did slave trade begin?
shortages of labor in Americas led to the beginning of Atlantic slave trade; European planters needed workers on sugar & tobacco plantations
What indigenous group did planters first use as slaves?
Native Americans
Why were slaves a better option instead of workers?
Because it was very expensive to support workers
African Slaves…Where are they from? What could have happened to them if they did not end up working on plantations?
They’re from the coast of West Africa; Some were exchanged for goods, and others were kidnapped by raids or traders
Triangular Trade… What is it???
-1st leg?
-2nd leg?
-3rd leg?
It was a trade route that involved the exchange of goods and enslaved people between Europe, Africa, and the Americas
-ships took European goods to Africa to be exchanged for slaves
-Middle Passage; Africans were brought to the Americans to be sold
-American products; products carried to Europe
If Slave traders didn’t use triangular trade, what would they do instead?
sail directly to Africa
Stages of becoming a slave…
-stage 1?
-stage 2?
-stage 3?
Stage 1 - Ships left Europe with goods (guns, textiles, rum) and crews with guns went ashore to capture slaves. Slaves were kept waiting in prisons, and those not fit for the journey were left on shore to die!
Stage 2 - Ships sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas (8-10 weeks). Some slaves rebelled (jumping ship, hunger strike, etc). A loss of a slaves life was loss of $ for the Slave Traders!!
Stage 3 - Africans would be sold at auctions in the Americas. Tar was used on the slaves to hide any sores and cuts (they were seen as rebellious). Slaves were branded and inspected, families separated, and slaves were given a European name.
How were slaves obtained? (PART OF STAGE 1)
-Kidnapping, trading, people given by chiefs as tributes (chiefs would send people in debt, criminals, or prisoners of war).
What’s a goree stick?
slave stick; kept slaves from jumping off the boats and surviving (it would drown them).
“Loose Packing”?
a condition of a slave ship; the captains would take on board fewer slaves in hope to reduce sickness and death
“Tight packing”?
a condition of a slave ship; captains would carry as many slaves as possible, as they believed that many blacks would die on the voyage anyways
How long were bids taken on slaves?
for as long as an inch of a candle burned
What kind of slave was the most expensive? The least expensive?
American born slaves who had skills; African born slaves who had to be “broken in”
What determined the cost of slaves?
Age, sex, and skills
Where are each of these slaves going…?
-Spanish
-Portuguese
-English
-Caribbean sugar plantations
-Brazil
-West Indies but also to colonies in North America
What country dominated the slave trade by the end of the 1600s?
England
Where did most slaves work??
plantations!!
Where did slaves that were skilled craft workers work?
In the Americas-specifically carpenters, metalworkers, and coopers
What kind of jobs were slave women given?
domestic duties; like cooking, cleaning, etc.
(IMPORTANT!!) Where will the vast majority of slaves be working?
sugar plantations
What were the living conditions of the slaves?
-they would have to meet their own basic needs at the end of each workday (cooking, mending, tending the sick)
-the conditions were harsh
-Physical, degrading punishment inflicted for minor offences (ex: whips)
What was a constant fear of slave owners?
That their slaves would rebel; angry slaves who could no longer take harsh treatment they enforced on plantations
Slave laws in the Americas considered enslaved Africans to be…?
property; slaves would have no right/freedom & slave owners would control most conditions under which they lived (normally brutal treatment/abuse)
