Quiz #I

Question 1

First generation rights

Answer 1

Rights of non- interference

Question 2

Second generation rights

Answer 2

Social and economic rights (requires action)

Question 3

Health

Answer 3

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 4

progressive realization

Answer 4

a recognition of the fact that full realization of an economic, social and cultural right will generally not to be achieved in a short period of times

Question 5

Inflation of rights

Answer 5

the more rights there are, the more devalued they will be

Question 6

Vagueness

Answer 6

what do second generation rights actually mean in practice?
ex: what does it the right to health actually mean? but rights can make a difference-it is about distributing power and status

Question 7

Right to Health

Answer 7

• Inclusive: safe drinking, water, safe housing, safe food, gender equality
• Freedoms: free from non-consensual medical treatment, free from tortures, inhuman or degrading treatment
• Entitlements: equality of opportunity, right to prevention and treatment, access to essential medicines, access to health information
• Non-discrimination: gender, race, language, age, sexual orientation, origin, disability status, neglected diseases

Question 8

Elements of Service under the right to health

Answer 8

• Availability: Public healthcare facilities, goods, services, programs
• Accessibility: non-discrimination, physical accessibility-distance to service, affordable, information accessibility
• Acceptability: respectful medical ethics, culturally appropriate, sensitive to age and gender
• Quality: scientifically appropriate, medically appropriate

Question 9

State obligations

Answer 9

Respect, Protect, and Fulfill

Question 10

Respect

Answer 10

Not to interfere directly or indirectly with enjoyment of right to health- ‘do no harm’

Question 11

protect

Answer 11

prevent third parties (non state actors) from interfering with the enjoyment of the right to health (e.g. by regulating private sector)

Question 12

Fulfill

Answer 12

adopt appropriate plans, strategies, technologies, laws and others to promote and make people enjoy the right to health

Question 13

State is expected to meet ‘core’ minimum level of rights

Answer 13

• essential primate health care
• minimum essential food nutrition
• sanitation
• safe and potable water
• essential drugs

Question 14

Health Economics

Answer 14

The allocation of resources to and within health economy. resource allocation is both political and market driven

Question 15

Scarcity

Answer 15

the demand for good or service is greater than the availability of the good or service

Question 16

Abundance

Answer 16

a very large quantity of something

Question 17

commodities (production outputs)

Answer 17

the result of combing resources in a production process. These can be goods or services

Question 18

Demand (economic)

Answer 18

the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied for that good

Question 19

Market

Answer 19

any situation where people who demand a good or service come into contact with people who supply it

Question 20

Normative economics

Answer 20

economic statements that prescribe how things should be

Question 21

Positive Economics

Answer 21

Economic statements that prescribe how things are

Question 22

Allocative efficiency

Answer 22

A situation where it is not possible to improve the welfare of one person in an economy without making someone worse off- we will see this a lot

Question 23

Economic Efficiency

Answer 23

A situation where each good/service is produced at the minimum cost and where individuals/firms get the maximum benefit from their resources

Question 24

Technological efficiency

Answer 24

when you produce the maximum output using the least amount of inputs

Question 25

Equality

Answer 25

you may be efficient, but the way things are done may be unfair- ex: if some people have good health and other don't distribution of resources that is fair or just

Question 26

Opportunity Cost

Answer 26

the value of the next best alternative forgone as a result of the decision made

Question 27

utility

Answer 27

the happiness or satisfaction a person gains from consuming a commodity or service

Question 28

Welfare (or social welfare)

Answer 28

the happiness or satisfaction a population gets from consuming a commodity

Question 29

Production possibility frontier

Answer 29

a graph that shows the different combination of output that are achievable with a limited set of resources ex: how many hours you can work when you are sick?? How many hours can you work when you are healthy???

Question 30

GDP

Answer 30

market value if final goods and service produced within a country in a year. related measures are GNP (Gross National Product), GNI (Gross National Income) - rate at which goods and services are produced - sum value of all final goods and services produced in the economy - subtracts imports not produced in the country - always measured per year

Question 31

Calculating GDP

Answer 31

Y = value of GDP C = Goods and services used by individuals/households I = capital stock depreciated e.g. buildings G = government purchases including wages to civil servants N = net exports (experts -imports)

Question 32

Physical attributes

Answer 32

different physical characteristics e.g. ice cream, tea, bread

Question 33

Credence

Answer 33

things you cannot see, for example Advil can treat headache because of certain chemicals you cannot see

Question 34

Experience

Answer 34

some effects from using medicines or commodities are seen after some time

Question 35

Consumption

Answer 35

To increase utility (happiness or satisfaction) e.g. taking asprin to relieve headache

Question 36

Invest

Answer 36

because you expect utility to increase than when you simply consume it (involves sacrifice)

Question 37

Trading/Exchange

Answer 37

It for other commodity or resource