Quizzes Flashcards
(140 cards)
1
Q
T or F: Data and information are essentially the same thing.
A
False
2
Q
T or F: Data constitute the building blocks of information.
A
True
3
Q
T or F: Metadata describe the data characteristics and the set of relationships that links the data found within the database.
A
True
4
Q
T or F: One disadvantage of the DBMS is that it increases the risk of data security breaches.
A
False
5
Q
T or F: Corporations use only structured data.
A
False
6
Q
T or F: Field refers to a collection of related records.
A
False
7
Q
T or F: Data is the result of processing raw facts to reveal its meaning.
A
False
8
Q
T or F: Database programming languages receive all application requests and translate them into the complex operations required to fulfill those requests.
A
False
9
Q
T or F: The DBMS reveals much of the database’s internal complexity to the application programs and users.
A
False
10
Q
T or F: One disadvantage of a database system over previous data management approaches is increased costs.
A
True
11
Q
T or F: In the context of data models, an entity is a person, place, thing, or event about which data will be collected and stored.
A
True
12
Q
T or F: Business rules apply to businesses and government groups, but not to other types of organizations such as religious groups or research laboratories.
A
False
13
Q
T or F: Business rules must be rendered in writing.
A
True
14
Q
T or F: Each row in the relational table is known as an entity instance or entity occurrence in the ER model.
A
True
15
Q
Which of the following is true of business rules?
They can be a communication tool between the users & designers.
They allow the designer to develop business processes.
They allow the designer to set company policies with regard to data.
They provide a framework for the company’s self-actualization.
A
They can be a communication tool between the users & designers.
16
Q
A noun in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.
relationship
entity
attribute
constraint
A
entity
17
Q
A verb associating two nouns in a business rule translates to a(n) _____ in the data model.
constraint
relationship
attribute
entity
A
relationship
18
Q
MySQL is an example of the _____.
XML data model
file system data model
hierarchical model
relational data model
A
relational data model
19
Q
T or F: M:N relationships are not appropriate in a relational model.
A
True
20
Q
Which of the following is true of NoSQL databases?
They are not based on the relational model.
They do not support distributed database architectures.
They do not support very large amounts of sparse data.
They are geared toward transaction consistency rather than
performance.
A
They are not based on the relational model.
21
Q
T or F: All SQL commands must be issued on a single line.
A
False
22
Q
T or F: Although SQL commands can be grouped together on a single line, complex command sequences are best shown on separate lines, with space between the SQL command and the command’s components.
A
True
23
Q
T or F: Comparison operators cannot be used to place restrictions on character-based attributes.
A
False
24
Q
T or F: String comparisons are made from left to right.
A
True
25
T or F: Most SQL implementations yield case-insensitive searches.
True
26
The SQL command that allows a user to permanently save data changes is _____.
COMMIT
UPDATE
INSERT
SELECT
COMMIT
27
How many rows would be returned from a cross join of tables A and B, if A contains 8 rows and B contains 18?
8
144
26
18
144
28
The SQL aggregate function that gives the number of rows containing non-null values for a given column is _____.
COUNT
MIN
MAX
SUM
COUNT
29
T or F: SQL is considered difficult to learn; its command set has a vocabulary of more than 300 words.
False
30
A(n) _____ is a query that is embedded (or nested) inside another query.
view
alias
operator
subquery
subquery
31
T or F: The practical significance of taking the logical view of a database is that it serves as a reminder of the simple file concept of data storage.
True
32
T or F: The order of the rows and columns is important to the DBMS.
False
33
T or F: Only a single attribute, not multiple attributes, can define functional dependence.
False
34
T or F: RDBMSs enforce integrity rules automatically.
True
35
T or F: Relational algebra defines the theoretical way of manipulating table contents using relational operators.
True
36
T or F: The SELECT operator yields a vertical subset of a table.
False
37
T or F: In a natural join, the column on which the join was made occurs twice in the new table.
False
38
T or F: The one-to-many (1:M) relationship is easily implemented in the relational model by putting the foreign key of the “1” side in the table of the “many” side as a primary key.
False
39
Referential _____ dictates that the foreign key must contain values that match the primary key in the related table, or must contain null.
model
integrity
uniqueness
attribute
integrity
40
_____ relationships can be implemented by creating a new entity in 1:M relationships with the original entities.
M:N
1:N
M:1
1:1
M:N
41
T or F: The entity relationship model (ERM) is dependent on the database type.
False
42
T or F: In the entity relationship model, a table row corresponds to an entity instance.
True
43
T or F: Relationships between entities always operate in one direction.
False
44
T or F: Referential integrity and participation are both bidirectional, meaning that they must be addressed in both directions along a relationship.
False
45
When the specific cardinalities are not included on the diagram in Crow's Foot notation, cardinality is implied by the use of _____.
symbols
attributes
images
tables
symbols
46
The existence of a(n) _____ entity indicates that its minimum cardinality is zero.
ternary
optional
strong
weak
optional
47
The entity relationship model uses the associative entity to represent a(n) _____ relationship between two or more entities.
M:N
1:M
N:1
M:1
M:N
48
The first step in building an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) is _____.
developing the initial ERD
creating a detailed narrative of the organization’s description of
operations
identifying the attributes and primary keys that adequately describe
the entities
identifying the business rules based on the description of
operations
creating a detailed narrative of the organization’s description of operations
49
In organizations that generate large number of transactions, _____ are often a top priority in database design.
relationships among entities
logical design standards
naming conventions
high processing speeds
high processing speeds
50
Database design is a(n) _____ process based on repetition.
sequential
iterative
linear
intermittent
iterative
51
T or F: Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms.
True
52
T or F: Normalization is a process that is used for changing attributes to entities.
False
53
T or F: Denormalization produces a lower normal form.
True
54
T or F: Relational models view data as part of a table or collection of tables in which all key values must be identified.
True
55
T or F: All relational tables satisfy the 1NF requirements.
True
56
T or F: It is possible for a table in 2NF to exhibit transitive dependency, where the primary key may rely on one or more nonprime attributes to functionally determine other nonprime attributes.
True
57
From a structural point of view, 3NF is better than _____.
5NF
3NF
2NF
6NF
2NF
58
A table that has all key attributes defined, has no repeating groups, and all its attributes are dependent on the primary key is said to be in _____.
2NF
3NF
4NF
1NF
1NF
59
Dependencies based on only a part of a composite primary key are known as _____ dependencies.
partial
primary
composite
incomplete
partial
60
A table where all attributes are dependent on the primary key but are independent of each other, and no row contains two or more multivalued facts about an entity is said to be in _____.
3NF
1NF
2NF
4NF
4NF
61
ome very specialized applications may require normalization beyond the _____.
1NF
4NF
2NF
3NF
4NF
62
A relational table must not contain a(n) _____.
attribute
entity
relationship
repeating group
repeating group
63
A table that is in 2NF and contains no transitive dependencies is said to be in _____.
2NF
4NF
1NF
3NF
3NF
64
An atomic attribute _____.
displays multiplicity
is always chosen to be a foreign key
cannot be further subdivided
cannot exist in a relational table
cannot be further subdivided
65
T or F: In order to meet performance requirements, portions of the database design may need to be occasionally denormalized.
True
66
T or F: Relational models view data as part of a table or collection of tables in which all key values must be identified.
True
67
T or F: A dependency of one nonprime attribute on another nonprime attribute is a partial dependency.
False
68
T or F: In the context of partial dependencies, data redundancies occur because every row entry requires duplication of data.
True
69
T or F: A table is in BCNF if every determinant in the table is a foreign key.
False
70
T or F: The combination of normalization and ER modeling yields a useful ERD, whose entities can be translated into appropriate table structures.
True
71
T or F: A view is a virtual table based on a SELECT query.
True
72
T or F: A persistent stored module is stored and executed on the database client machine.
False
73
T or F: A trigger is procedural SQL code that is automatically invoked by the RDBMS upon the occurrence of a given data manipulation event.
True
74
T or F: Triggers can only be used to update table values.
False
75
T or F: MySQL allows multiple triggering conditions per trigger.
False
76
T or F: Just like database triggers, stored procedures are stored in the database.
True
77
T or F: An explicit cursor must return two or more rows.
False
78
When writing SQL table-creating command sequences, the entire table definition is enclosed in _____.
asterisks
quotations
commas
parentheses
parentheses
79
T or F: Every PL/SQL block must be given a name.
False
80
The CREATE TABLE command lets you define constraints when you use the CONSTRAINT keyword, known as a(n) _____ constraint.
index
column
table
cell
table
81
T or F: Systems analysis establishes the need for an information system and its extent.
True
82
T or F: The primary objective in database design is to create complete, normalized, nonredundant, and fully integrated conceptual, logical, and physical database models.
True
83
T or F: In the detailed systems design phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC), steps are laid out for the conversion of a database from an old system to a new system.
True
84
T or F: The database contents might be loaded interactively or in batch mode using a variety of methods and devices including customized user programs.
True
85
T or F: A system maintenance activity generated in response to changes in the business environment is referred to as corrective maintenance.
False
86
T or F: The overall purpose of the database initial study is to create the conceptual design.
False
87
T or F: Data integrity is enforced by the database management system (DBMS) through the proper use of primary and foreign key rules.
True
88
Coding, testing, and debugging are part of the _____ phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
analysis
detailed systems design
implementation
planning
implementation
89
“Should the existing system be replaced?” is a question that is asked during the _____ stage of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
analysis
implementation
maintenance
planning
planning
90
T or F: The testing and evaluation phase of the Database Life Cycle (DBLC) occurs after applications programming.
False
91
T or F: Most real-world database transactions are formed by only one database request.
False
92
T or F: The DBMS guarantees that the semantic meaning of a transaction truly represents the real-world event.
False
93
T or F: The multiuser DBMS must implement controls to ensure serializability and isolation of transactions, in addition to atomicity and durability, in order to guard the database's consistency and integrity.
True
94
T or F: The phenomenon of uncommitted data occurs when two transactions are executed concurrently and the first transaction is rolled back after the second transaction has already accessed the uncommitted data—thus violating the isolation property of transactions.
True
95
T or F: A scheduler facilitates data isolation to ensure that two transactions do not update the same data element at the same time.
True
96
T or F: In a page-level lock, the DBMS will lock an entire diskpage.
True
97
T or F: A field-level lock allows concurrent transactions to access the same row, as long as they require the use of different fields within that row.
True
98
T or F: A growing phase in a two-phase lock is when a transaction acquires all the required locks without locking any data.
False
99
T or F: An optimistic approach is based on the assumption that the majority of the database operations do not conflict.
True
100
ANSI has defined standards that govern SQL database transactions. Transaction support is provided by two SQL statements _____ and ROLLBACK.
RETRIEVE
ASSIGN
COMMIT
UPDATE
COMMIT
101
T or F: One of the main functions of a database system is to provide timely answers to end users.
True
102
T or F: Good database performance is easy to evaluate.
False
103
T or F: The SQL cache stores the end-user written SQL.
False
104
T or F: The purpose of an I/O operation is to move data to and from different computer components or devices.
True
105
T or F: Working with data in the data cache is many times faster than working with data in the data files.
True
106
T or F: Fully equivalent means that the optimized query results are always the same as the original query.
True
107
T or F: The SQL execution activities are performed by the query optimizer.
False
108
T or F: An index scan is less efficient than a full table scan.
False
109
T or F: Indexes do not facilitate join operations.
False
110
T or F: RAID systems use a single disk to create storage volumes.
False
111
T or F: A distributed database management system (DDBMS) governs the storage and processing of logically related data over interconnected computer systems.
True
112
T or F: The web is the repository for distributed data.
True
113
T or F: Current distributed database management system (DDBMS) are subject to some problems, such as the complexity of management and control.
True
114
T or F: One of the advantages of a distributed database management system (DDBMS) is that the data is located near the site with the least demand.
False
115
T or F: In order to manage distributed data, copies or parts of the database processing functions must be distributed to all data storage sites.
True
116
T or F: A fully distributed database management system (DBMS) must perform all the functions of a centralized DBMS, and it must handle all necessary functions imposed by the distribution of data and processing.
True
117
T or F: The transaction processor (TP) is the software component found in each computer that requests data.
True
118
T or F: Distributed data access was needed to support geographically dispersed business units.
True
119
T or F: A distributed database management system (DDBMS) must be communications-media-dependent.
False
120
T or F: Distributed database systems do not require complex mechanisms to manage transactions and ensure the database's consistency and integrity.
False
121
T or F: Business intelligence (BI) architecture is composed of data, people, processes, and technology working together to facilitate and enhance a business’s management and governance.
True
122
T or F: Master data management’s main goal is to provide a partial and segmented definition of all data within an organization.
False
123
T or F: Decision support data is a snapshot of the operational data at a given point in time.
True
124
T or F: Normalizing fact tables improves data access performance and saves data storage space.
False
125
T or F: Advanced OLAP feature become more useful when access to them is kept simple.
True
126
From a data analyst’s point of view, decision support data differ from operational data in three main areas: time span, granularity, and _____.
dimensionality
transaction processing
sparsity
usability
dimensionality
127
Operational data are commonly stored in many tables, and the stored data represents information about a given _____ only.
transaction
table
concept
database
transaction
128
In a star schema, attributes are often used to search, filter, or classify _____.
facts
sales
dimensions
tables
facts
129
T or F: Operational data and decision support data serve the same purpose.
False
130
In business intelligence framework, data are captured from a production system and placed in _____ on a near real-time basis.
portal
dashboard
decision support system
data warehouse
data warehouse
131
T or F: Scaling out is keeping the same number of systems, but migrating each system to a larger one.
False
132
T or F: In many ways, the issues associated with volume and velocity are the same.
True
133
T or F: Relational databases rely on unstructured data.
False
134
T or F: Big Data processing imposes a structure on the data as needed for applications as a part of retrieval and processing.
True
135
T or F: The ability to graphically present data in a way that makes it understandable is the concept of value.
False
136
T or F: A column family database is a NoSQL database model that organizes data in key-value pairs with keys mapped to a set of columns in the value component.
True
137
Which of the following is NOT one of the standard NoSQL categories?
Column-oriented databases
Chart databases
Graph databases
Document databases
Chart databases
138
Graph theory is a mathematical and computer science field that models relationships, or edges, between objects called ______.
nodes
scales
maps
buckets
nodes
139
Document databases group documents into logical groups called ______.
collections
blocks
buckets
sets
collections
140
Data collected or aggregated around a central topic or entity is said to be ______ aware.
feedback
aggregate
visually
transversally
aggregate
