Quizzes

Question 1

What are childhood risk factors that may increase an individual’s chances of being diagnosed with a personality disorder in adulthood? (select all that apply):
* Educational factors such as poor achievement, low IQ, and school expulsion
* Occupational factors such as having meaningful employment
* Childhood trauma such as experiencing physical abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect

Answer 1

• Educational factors such as poor achievement, low IQ, and school expulsion
• Childhood trauma such as experiencing physical abuse, sexual abuse, or neglect

Question 2

Erica has carefully conducted a statistical analysis of many different personality descriptors of the students in her school. Like most researchers she has ended up with five distinct personality traits. Which of the following would NOT likely be among the distinct traits she identified?
* conscientiousness
* nervousness
* extraversion
* agreeableness

Answer 2

• Nervousness

Question 3

Do personality disorder traits have rank-order stability over time?

• Yes, all individuals maintain their relative rank on a PD trait/symptom across time.
• No, individuals do not maintain their relative rank on a PD trait/symptom across time.
• Yes, in general, individuals tend to maintain their relative rank on a PD trait/symptom across time, but there is also some degree of movement in the ranks.

Answer 3

• Yes, in general, individuals tend to maintain their relative rank on a PD trait/symptom across time, but there is also some degree of movement in the ranks.

Question 4

Why do clinicians typically avoid diagnosing individuals under the age of 18 with a personality disorder?
* Because clinicians typically believe that the client does not suffer from a personality disorder but rather an anxiety disorder.
* Because clinicians typically believe that clients under the age of 18 will not have a personality disorder by the time the clients reach adulthood.
* Because clinicians typically believe that symptoms of a personality disorder change daily, therefore do not want to diagnose a client since their symptoms will change daily.
* Because clinicians typically believe that they are protecting the client from the stigma of having a diagnosis of a personality disorder.

Answer 4

Because clinicians typically believe that they are protecting the client from the stigma of having a diagnosis of a personality disorder.

Question 5

The evolution of the concept of personality disorders originally started with the concept of (?). This is akin to modern-day (?), which is closely related to (?).
* Moral insanity; psychopathy; antisocial personality disorder
* Psychopathy; oppositional defiant disorder; antisocial personality disorder
* Psychopathy; conduct disorder; antisocial personality disorder
* Moral insanity; antisocial personality disorder; conduct disorder

Answer 5

• Moral insanity; psychopathy; antisocial personality disorder

Question 6

To what does the personality paradox refer?
* The idea that personality, though plain to see in anyone, is extremely difficult to measure
* The idea that personality seems both innate and acquired
* The idea that personality comprises both behavior and inner states
* The idea that people behave less consistently than a trait-based conception would predict

Answer 6

The idea that people behave less consistently than a trait-based conception would predict

Question 7

“Positives” (i.e., benefits or good things) of the DSM starting with DSM-III includes the following (select all that apply):

• First to explicitly include personality disorders, which brought attention to the need for clinical services
• There was a important shift of the diagnostic criteria toward an atheoretical stance
• A standardized way to include a dimensional rating of symptoms for all disorders as well as as categorical diagnosis
• They significantly help with treatment recommendations
• More reliable diagnostic criteria for some disorders

Answer 7

• First to explicitly include personality disorders, which brought attention to the need for clinical services
• There was a important shift of the diagnostic criteria toward an atheoretical stance
• More reliable diagnostic criteria for some disorders

Question 8

Individuals who are down-to-earth, practical, traditional, and set in their ways would score low on (?).

• openness to experience
• extraversion
• conscientiousness
• neuroticism

Answer 8

openness to experience

Question 9

(?) is an example of a dimensional nosology whereas (?) is an example of a categorical nosology.
* ICD; HiTOP
* HiTOP; DSM
* ICD; DSM
* DSM; ICD

Answer 9

HiTOP; DSM

Question 10

Mary is generally trusting and helpful, and makes it a priority to get along well with others. Which of the Big Five traits is most consistent with these descriptors?
* conscientiousness
* agreeableness
* extraversion
* openness to experience

Answer 10

agreeableness

Question 11

According to the Widiger et al., (2019) article titled “Personality in a Hierarchical Model of Psychopathology” one argument the authors use to endorse switching from a categorical classification of diagnoses to a dimensional one is that it will increase the number of individuals being diagnosed with comorbid disorders.
* True

• False

Answer 11

False

Question 12

During clinical assessments, the assessor/clinician considers both (?), which are things the client reports, and (?), which are things that the assessor/clinician observes.
* Signs, symptoms
* Non-shared environmental factors, shared environmental factors
* Symptoms, signs
* Shared environmental factors, non-shared environmental factors

Answer 12

Symptoms, signs

Question 13

There are several characteristics of psychopathology. These include (select all the apply):
* The behavior is self-destructive
* The person acts in an abnormal way
* The behavior causes discomfort and/or concern to others
* The person acts in a way that is culturally deviant

Answer 13

• The behavior is self-destructive
• The behavior causes discomfort and/or concern to others
• The person acts in a way that is culturally deviant

Question 14

The claim that genetic factors contribute to personality is best supported by the fact that (?).

• different people have different reactions to the same situation
• some traits seem to be related to somatotypes
• an aggressive child is likely to become an aggressive adult
• identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins on some personality measures

Answer 14

identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins on some personality measures

Question 15

The goal of AMPD Criterion B is to differentiate (?).
* Personality from personality disorders.
* Personality disorders from other psychopathology.
* Personality disorders from other psychopathy.
* Personality disorders from each other.

Answer 15

Personality disorders from each other.

Question 16

According to Schneider (1923), “abnormal psychology” just means “deviating from average” and not all abnormal personalities are dysfunctional so to have a dysfunctional personality, (?).

• Either the person or the community has to suffer
• The community has to suffer
• The person has to suffer
• The person and the community have to suffer

Answer 16

Either the person or the community has to suffer

Question 17

In what ways do strong situations (e.g., undergraduate class lectures, funerals) and weak situations (e.g., hanging out with friends) affect personality differently?
* Strong situations reveal personality expression; weak situations mask personality expression.
* Strong situations mask personality expression; weak situations reveal personality expression.
* Strong situations activate defense mechanisms; weak situations weaken defense mechanisms.
* Strong situations weaken defense mechanisms; weak situations activate defense mechanisms.

Answer 17

Strong situations mask personality expression; weak situations reveal personality expression.

Question 18

According to the Wright et al., (2022) article titled “It’s time to replace the personality disorders with the interpersonal disorders,” the authors argue that a “new path is needed” because
* All of the above
* Personality disorders in the DSM are typically not stigmatized by clinicians and the public
* All personality disorders in the DSM have a significant research base
* Only a few personality disorders in the DSM have sufficient research that has found effective treatments

Answer 18

Only a few personality disorders in the DSM have sufficient research that has found effective treatments

Question 19

In the study we discussed in class about the very large, international study of siblings’ gender on adults’ personality (Dudek et al., 2022, Psychological Science), Dudek and colleagues found (select all that apply):

• No causal effect of gender on the next older sibling’s personality
• No causal effect of gender on the next younger sibling’s personality
• No causal effect of gender on parents’ personality
• Causal effect of gender on siblings who had at least three other siblings in the family

Answer 19

• No causal effect of gender on the next older sibling’s personality
• No causal effect of gender on the next younger sibling’s personality

Question 20

Reasons for providing a diagnosis to people less than 18 years of age who have symptoms of a personality disorder include (select all that apply):
* Not colluding with stigmatizers
* Getting the help they need when they need it
* Reducing diagnostic stability
* Intervening before the important transition to adulthood

Answer 20

• Not colluding with stigmatizers
• Getting the help they need when they need it
• Intervening before the important transition to adulthood

Question 21

The goal of AMPD Criterion A is to differentiate (?).
* Personality from personality disorders.
* Personality disorders from other psychopathy.
* Personality disorders from each other.
* Personality disorders from other psychopathology.

Answer 21

Personality disorders from other psychopathology.

Question 22

According to studies of individuals in psychiatric settings (those seeking psychiatric or psychological treatment), the prevalence of personality disorders is:
* Up to 40%
* Up to 20%
* Up to 30%
* Up to 50%

Answer 22

Up to 50%

Question 23

To date, there is enough research to sufficiently support the existence of all 10 personality disorders that are currently listed in the DSM-5.
True
False

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Do personality disorders show evidence of mean level stability of traits/symptoms over time?
* Yes, there is evidence of stability over time in the group mean for a given personality disorder.
* No, overall, there is an increase in mean level of personality disorder traits/symptoms over time.
* Yes, there is evidence of stability over time in the group mean for some, but not all, personality disorder traits/symptoms. .
* No, overall, there is a decline in mean level of personality disorder traits/symptoms over time.

Answer 24

No, overall, there is a decline in mean level of personality disorder traits/symptoms over time.

Question 25

There are some general personality changes associated with aging. Which of the following are true (select all that apply): * Agreeableness decreases * Extraversion decreases * Openness to experience increases * Conscientiousness increases * Neuroticism decreases

Answer 25

* Extraversion decreases * Conscientiousness increases * Neuroticism decreases

Question 26

In general, personality disorders (select all that apply): * Are unstable over time * Are flexible and pervasive * Onset in adolescence or early adulthood * Lead to distress or impairment

Answer 26

* Onset in adolescence or early adulthood * Lead to distress or impairment

Question 27

Compared to the likelihood of committing a crime, people with disorders on the schizophrenia spectrum are ____ likely to be a victim of a crime. * Less * Equally * More

Answer 27

More

Question 28

True or False: In the vignette you read, Karl showed great attachment to his wife and child so much so that he could not make most life decisions without conferring with them first. * True * False

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Of the personality disorders listed below, which is estimated to be the least prevalent? * Dependent Personality Disorder * Schizoid Personality Disorder * Avoidant Personality Disorder * Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 29

Depedent personality disorder

Question 30

Cluster A personality disorders are commonly described as (?) and (?) while cluster C personality disorders are commonly described as (?) and (?). * Odd and Fearful; Eccentric and Anxious * Anxious and Fearful; Odd and Eccentric * Odd and Eccentric; Anxious and Fearful * Eccentric and Fearful; Odd and Anxious

Answer 30

* Odd and Eccentric; Anxious and Fearful

Question 31

An example of an idea of reference includes (?) (select all that apply). * Hearing whispers when no one is actually there * Believing that an athlete’s dance after a touchdown was a message specfically to you * Seeing a flash out of the corner of your eye when nothing was actually there * Sensing special meaning from the way things are arranged * “Angel” numbers or numbers have special meaning

Answer 31

* Sensing special meaning from the way things are arranged * “Angel” numbers or numbers have special meaning

Question 32

In the vignette about Robert, what symptoms did he exhibit that were consistent with schizotypal personality disorder? (Select all that apply): * Magical thinking * Ideas of reference * Lack of interpersonal skills * Suicidal thoughts

Answer 32

* Magical thinking * Ideas of reference * Lack of interpersonal skills

Question 33

Andy is a 50 year old man. During his life, Andy has never had a close relationship with anyone, including his family members. Additionally, Andy shows indifference to any praise that he receives from others at work and does not take interest in many hobbies. Andy is presenting symptoms of (?) * Antisocial Personality Disorder * Dependent Personality Disorder * Schizoid Personality Disorder * Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Answer 33

* Schizoid Personality Disorder

Question 34

What happens at the end of the vignette about Robert, Lois, and Dr. Flowers? * Lois realizes that she loves Robert and the story ends with them in a long-term relationship. * After Robert travels to Lois’s home town, he murders her. * Despite Dr. Flowers’ opinion, Robert continued to be held in a locked inpatient ward. * Although she had concerns about returning to college, Lois does and continues to be stalked by Robert.

Answer 34

After Robert travels to Lois’s home town, he murders her.

Question 35

Schizoid personality disorder is (?). * Much more common in males than females * Slightly more common in males than females * Much more common in females than males * Slightly more common in females than males

Answer 35

Slightly more common in males than females

Question 36

Eric is a 35 year old man. Throughout his life he has experienced feelings of inadequacy and fear of being ridiculed or shamed by others. Because of these feelings, he is unlikely to have close relationships with others unless he is certain that he will be liked by them. Eric is presenting symptoms of (?) * Dependent Personality Disorder * Avoidant Personality Disorder * Schizoid Personality Disorder * Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder

Answer 36

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Question 37

Maria is a 40 year old woman. Her partner of 10 years recently broke up with her. This break up motivated Maria to immediately seek reassurance. Because of this, she developed a relationship with another individual within one week because she felt she would not be able to survive living by herself. Maria is presenting symptoms of (?) * Schizotypal Personality Disorder * Dependent Personality Disorder * Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder * Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 37

Dependent Personality Disorder

Question 38

People with disorders on the schizophrenia spectrum are more likely to be violent than the general population? * True * False

Answer 38

false

Question 39

Paranoid personality disorder is (?). * More common in males than females * More common in females than males * Equally common in males and females

Answer 39

More common in males than females

Question 40

For most personality disorders, diagnosis of individuals under the age of 18 must include the presence of symptoms present for how long? * 6 months * 18 months * 2 years * 1 year

Answer 40

1 year

Question 41

Dan is a 25 year old man who endorses many negative emotions. While Dan has won many awards at work for his successes, he feels that he is unable to ever truly reach perfection. Last week at work, Dan’s coworker profusely thanked him for his help on a project. Dan grew visibly uncomfortable with this overwhelming amount of positive feelings towards him. Dan is exhibiting symptoms of (?). * Schizoid Personality Disorder * Avoidant Personality Disorder * Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder * Dependent Personality Disorder

Answer 41

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

Question 42

People diagnosed with (?) are likely to be described as “workaholics” meaning that they are really never able to relax and instead are constantly thinking about accomplishing work goals. * Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder * Avoidant Personality Disorder * Paranoid Personality Disorder * Dependent Personality Disorder

Answer 42

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

Question 43

What specific symptoms separate Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)? * Individuals with OCD present symptoms of control and perfectionism that are not found in OCPD * Individuals with OCD present symptoms of dependency and fear on and around others that are not found in OCPD * Individuals with OCPD present symptoms of dependency and fear on and around others that are not found in OCD * Individuals with OCPD present symptoms of control and perfectionism that are not found in OCD

Answer 43

Individuals with OCPD present symptoms of control and perfectionism that are not found in OCD

Question 44

(?) personality disorder and (?) personality disorder are part of cluster A while (?) personality disorder and (?) personality disorder are part of cluster C. * Paranoid, Schizotypal; Obsessive-Compulsive, Avoidant * Obsessive-Compulsive, Avoidant; Paranoid, Schizotypal * Paranoid, Schizotypal; Obsessive-Compulsive, Schizoid * Paranoid, Avoidant; Obsessive-Compulsive, Dependent

Answer 44

Paranoid, Schizotypal; Obsessive-Compulsive, Avoidant

Question 45

Consistent with this personality disorder, Karl (from the vignette you read) displayed (?) (select all that apply): * A reluctance to throw anything way because he might need it in the future * Rigidity in his thinking regarding the “right” and “wrong” ways to do think * Miserly attitude about money (very frugal, liked to save) * Extreme devotion to achieving the lofty goals he set for himself

Answer 45

* Rigidity in his thinking regarding the “right” and “wrong” ways to do think * Miserly attitude about money (very frugal, liked to save) * Extreme devotion to achieving the lofty goals he set for himself

Question 46

In the vignette you read, Karl rarely expressed warm or appreciative feelings towards his wife, Ellen. This is consistent with (?) because people with this disorder are often cold, insensitive, and unappreciative towards the ones they love. * Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder * Paranoid Personality Disorder * Dependent Personality Disorder * Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Answer 46

* Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder

Question 47

In general, to be diagnosed with a personality disorder, (?) (select all that apply): * The pattern of symptoms are inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situations * The pattern of symptoms is not better explained as a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorder * The pattern of symptoms are unstable with the onset of symptoms being traced back to adolescence or early adulthood * The pattern of symptoms lead to low levels of distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning

Answer 47

* The pattern of symptoms are inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situations * The pattern of symptoms is not better explained as a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorder

Question 48

True or False: People with Histrionic Personality Disorder mostly function well in romantic relationships? * True * False

Answer 48

False

Question 49

In the vignette you read about Andrew, Andrew exhibits the following symptoms of the DSM criteria for Conduct Disorder (select all that apply): * Cruelty towards people * Sexually promiscuity (engaged in reckless sexual behavior) * Superior intelligence * Cruelty towards animals

Answer 49

* Cruelty towards people * Cruelty towards animals

Question 50

Which of the following are true of the terms “asocial” and “antisocial”? * Asocial is manipulation of others and antisocial is acting unlawfully towards society * Asocial and antisocial can be used interchangeably or are synonyms. * Asocial describes a lack of social interest and antisocial is hostility towards society * Antisocial describes a lack of social interest and asocial is hostility towards society

Answer 50

Asocial describes a lack of social interest and antisocial is hostility towards society

Question 51

According to Dr. Yudofsky (author of the vignette about Andrew), Dr. Roth, the psychiatrist Andrew saw, is guilty of malpractice because (?) (select all that apply). * Dr. Roth did not consider potential diagnoses Andrew might have had, which prevented him from getting the treatment he needed. * Dr. Roth saw the child of a close friend, which prevented her from being impartial * Dr. Roth said his parents were the source of Andrew’s problems which, in essence, absolved Andrew from responsibility * Dr. Roth prescribed Andrew medication without making a diagnosis first

Answer 51

* Dr. Roth did not consider potential diagnoses Andrew might have had, which prevented him from getting the treatment he needed. * Dr. Roth saw the child of a close friend, which prevented her from being impartial * Dr. Roth said his parents were the source of Andrew’s problems which, in essence, absolved Andrew from responsibility

Question 52

Antisocial personality disorder is (?) * Equally common in women and men * Slightly more common in men than women * Much more common in men than women * Slightly more common in women than men

Answer 52

* Much more common in men than women

Question 53

To be diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder, it is required that the individual of evidence of Conduct Disorder with onset prior to age (?) * 18 * 17 * 15 * 16

Answer 53

15

Question 54

According to the DSM-5, what is the prevalence rate of Antisocial Personality Disorder? * 1.2%-4.4% * 0.2%-3.3% * 0.6%-2.4% * 0.2%-5.2%

Answer 54

* 0.2%-3.3%

Question 55

Histrionic personality disorder is (?) * Equally common in women and men * Much more common in men than women * Slightly more common in men than women * Slightly more common in women than men

Answer 55

* Equally common in women and men

Question 56

At the end of the vignette you read about Andrew, Andrew (?). * Was in treatment for Conduct Disorder * Was recovering from a vicious attack * Was married to Lana, his high school girlfriend/sweetheart * Was the head of crime family in Boston

Answer 56

* Was recovering from a vicious attack

Question 57

Of the following diagnoses, which is the most common to see in mandated treatment (i.e., treatment that is required by a judge or by law)? * Histrionic Personality Disorder * Schizotypal Personality Disorder * Borderline Personality Disorder * Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 57

* Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 58

Characteristics of cluster B personality traits include (?), (?), and (?) * Dramatic, Emotional, and Erratic * Dramatic, Emotional, and Fearful * Dramatic, Eccentric, and Erratic * Dramatic, Odd, and Eccentric

Answer 58

* Dramatic, Emotional, and Erratic

Question 59

What are the related characteristics of Antisocial personality disorder? (select all that apply:) * Excessive emotionality * Attention seeking * Disregard for the rights of others * Violation for the rights of others

Answer 59

* Disregard for the rights of others * Violation for the rights of others

Question 60

According to the DSM-5, what is the prevalence rate of Histrionic Personality Disorder? * 2.0%-2.5% * 1.0%-1.5% * 0.5%-1.0% * 1.5%-2.0%

Answer 60

* 1.5%-2.0%

Question 61

Megan is a 35 year old woman that is presenting behaviors of both Antisocial Personality Disorder and Histrionic Personality Disorder. What behaviors might Megan be presenting? (select all that apply): * Disregard for safety of self and/or others * Displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions * Uses physical appearance to draw attention to self * Is overly conscientious and is preoccupied with details and organization * Irritability and Aggressiveness

Answer 61

* Disregard for safety of self and/or others * Displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions * Uses physical appearance to draw attention to self * Irritability and Aggressiveness

Question 62

Dan is a 40 year old man. Dan typically reports interpersonal difficulties with friends. His friends say he is overly dramatic, enjoys being the center of attention, and tends to exaggerate his circumstances. Dan is exhibiting traits of (?) * Borderline Personality Disorder * Antisocial Personality Disorder * Schizotypal Personality Disorder * Histrionic Personality Disorder

Answer 62

* Histrionic Personality Disorder

Question 63

What are the related characteristics of Histrionic personality disorder? (select all that apply:) * Disregard for the rights of others * Violation for the rights of others * Attention seeking * Excessive emotionality

Answer 63

* Attention seeking * Excessive emotionality

Question 64

Jun is a 55 year old man diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder. Because of Jun’s diagnosis, Jun’s son is at an increased risk of being diagnosed with (?) while Jun’s daughter is at an increased risk of being diagnosed with a (?). * Antisocial personality disorder; Generalized anxiety disorder * Histrionic personality disorder; Antisocial personality disorder * Substance use disorder; Somatic symptom disorder * Somatic symptom disorder; Substance use disorder

Answer 64

* Substance use disorder; Somatic symptom disorder

Question 65

True or False: It is common for individuals to show their first symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder or Histrionic Personality Disorder in their late 20s or early 30s. * True * False

Answer 65

False

Question 66

Maria is a 35 year old woman. She is impulsive at work and with family members at home, often making decisions in the spur of the moment. She has a history of having little remorse for “wrong doings” to others and often will manipulate others to get what she wants. Maria is presenting characteristics of (?) * Paranoid Personality Disorder * Borderline Personality Disorder * Histrionic Personality Disorder * Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 66

* Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 67

True or False: Psychopathy and Antisocial personality disorder are diagnosable disorders in the DSM-5. * True * False

Answer 67

False

Question 68

Which of the following are considered to be the main characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder? (Select all that apply): * Lack of empathy * Need for admiration * Grandiosity * Unstable relationships and affects * Impulsivity

Answer 68

* Lack of empathy * Need for admiration * Grandiosity

Question 69

Tom is a 45 year old man. Tom believes that he is special and feels a sense of entitlement. Tom is often arrogant to family members and co-workers. Tom often lacks empathy and becomes very envious of his co-workers when they are given praise and he is not. Tom is exhibiting traits of (?). * Schizoid personality disorder * Borderline personality disorder * Narcissistic personality disorder * Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 69

* Narcissistic personality disorder

Question 70

Dr. Rogers is a psychologist who has been seeing Maria for psychotherapy sessions once per week for the past year. During their last psychotherapy session, Dr. Rogers informed Maria that he will not be able to see Maria next week because he is traveling, and therefore, their next appointment will be in two weeks. Hearing this news, Maria’s anxiety elevated, and she feared that Dr. Rogers is using traveling as an excuse to actually terminate therapy with her. Maria screams at Dr. Rogers for being unprofessional, storms out of the office, and decides to engage in self-harm to cope. What symptoms of a personality disorder is Maria showing? * Paranoid personality disorder * Narcissistic personality disorder * Antisocial personality disorder * Borderline personality disorder

Answer 70

* Borderline personality disorder

Question 71

Which of the following are considered to be the main characteristics of Borderline Personality Disorder? (Select all that apply): * Need for admiration * Impulsivity * Unstable relationships and affects * Grandiosity * Lack of empathy

Answer 71

* Impulsivity * Unstable relationships and affects

Question 72

Dr. Smith is conducting an initial intake to determine a diagnosis for Rachel. Rachel endorses grandiosity including thoughts that she is superior to others. According to the DSM-5, why would Dr. Smith want to assess Rachel to see if her feelings of grandiosity are always associated with functional impairment or mood change? (select all that apply): * Because if symptoms only occur with functional impairment or mood change, then Rachel may be experiencing a personality disorder (such as Narcissistic PD) rather than a manic or hypomanic episode * Because grandiosity is a symptom that may be present with different psychopathologies, it’s important to understand under what circumstances the symptom is present * Because grandiosity is a symptom that only occurs for individuals with Narcissistic personality disorder * Because if symptoms only occur with functional impairment or mood change, then Rachel may be experiencing a manic or hypomanic episode rather than a personality disorder (such as Narcissistic PD)

Answer 72

* Because grandiosity is a symptom that may be present with different psychopathologies, it’s important to understand under what circumstances the symptom is present * Because if symptoms only occur with functional impairment or mood change, then Rachel may be experiencing a manic or hypomanic episode rather than a personality disorder (such as Narcissistic PD)

Question 73

With regard to gender differences in borderline personality disorder, which of the following is true? * BPD symptoms are seen equally in both men and women; however, men are generally diagnosed with this disorder at higher rates. One reason for this could be because men seek treatment more often. * BPD symptoms are seen more in men compared to women; however, women are more frequently diagnosed because women seek treatment more often. * There are no gender differences related to borderline personality disorder. * BPD symptoms can be seen in both men and women; however, women are generally diagnosed with this disorder at higher rates. One reason for this could be because women seek treatment more often.

Answer 73

* BPD symptoms can be seen in both men and women; however, women are generally diagnosed with this disorder at higher rates. One reason for this could be because women seek treatment more often.

Question 74

Empathy means (?) whereas sympathy means (?). * Feeling sorrow for someone else’s good fortune; the ability to share the feelings of others * Feeling pity for someone else’s misfortune; the ability to understand and share the feelings of others * The ability to understand and share the feelings of others; feeling pity for someone else’s misfortune * The ability to understand and share the feelings of others; feeling pity for someone else’s fortune

Answer 74

* The ability to understand and share the feelings of others; feeling pity for someone else’s misfortune

Question 75

Dan is a 50 year old man and has a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Dan has one daughter. According to the DSM-5, what psychopathologies is Dan’s daughter at an increased risk for given that Dan has a BPD diagnosis? (select all that apply): * Substance use disorders * Post-traumatic stress disorder * Bipolar disorders * Antisocial personality disorder * Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 75

* Substance use disorders * Bipolar disorders * Antisocial personality disorder

Question 76

Dr. Linehan is assessing Mike for borderline personality disorder (BPD). Mike reports that he engages in self-injurious threats and/or behaviors when he feels he is going to be abandoned by his close romantic partner. Dr. Linehan continues her assessment and asks Mike if he tries to avoid abandonment by taking actions other than threats to self-harm. Why is this important for Dr. Linehan to assess for? * Because if Mike only endorses threats of self-harm, then he would not meet the symptom of frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment * Because if Mike only endorses threats of self-harm, then he would meet the symptoms of frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment * Because if Mike endorses threats of other things in addition to self harm (such as texting excessively to apologize to his partner), then this alone would allow Dr. Linehan to diagnose Mike with BPD

Answer 76

* Because if Mike only endorses threats of self-harm, then he would not meet the symptom of frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment

Question 77

According to the DSM-5, which of the following diagnoses are most associated with Narcissistic Personality Disorder? (select all that apply): * Anorexia nervosa * Hypomanic mood * Major depressive disorder * Post-traumatic stress disorder * Specific phobia

Answer 77

* Anorexia nervosa * Hypomanic mood * Major depressive disorder

Question 78

The grandiosity seen in NPD can be similar to that seen in mania. Distinguishing features include (select all that apply): * Sudden changes in mood or behavior * History of depression * Content of grandiosity (e.g., believing one has special powers or abilities) * Functional impairment

Answer 78

* Sudden changes in mood or behavior * Functional impairment

Question 79

According to the DSM-5, the prevalence of Borderline Personality Disorder may increase in older age groups? True or False: True False

Answer 79

False

Question 80

According to the DSM-5, to be diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder, an individual must meet ____ or more of the 9 symptoms. * 6 * 5 * 3 * 4

Answer 80

5

Question 81

Approximately (?) of people seen in outpatient mental health clinics will meet criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder whereas approximately (?) of people in psychiatric inpatients will meet criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. * 20% 10% * 30%, 20% * 10%, 30% * 10%, 20%

Answer 81

* 10%, 20%

Question 82

Mary was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) at the age of 23. Currently, Mary is 40 years old. Because Mary has a BPD diagnosis, which of the following are common comorbid diagnoses that Mary may be diagnosed with (select all that apply): * Eating disorders * Specific phobia * Bipolar disorders * Post-traumatic stress disorder * Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 82

* Eating disorders * Bipolar disorders * Post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 83

According to the DSM-5, which of the following are true regarding the prevalence of Narcissistic Personality Disorder by gender? * 50%-75% are diagnosed in men 65%-80% are diagnosed in men 65%-80% are diagnosed in women 50%-75% are diagnosed in women

Answer 83

* 50%-75% are diagnosed in men

Question 84

What is the prevalence estimate of Narcissistic Personality Disorder in community samples? * 0% - 6.2% * 1.1% - 3.5% * 0.2% - 5.0% * 0.4% - 6.1%

Answer 84

* 0% - 6.2%

Question 85

According to the DSM-5, to be diagnosed with Narcissistic Personality Disorder, an individual must meet ____ or more of the 9 symptoms. * 7 * 5 * 6 * 4

Answer 85

5

Question 86

What is the prevalence estimate of Borderline Personality Disorder in community samples? * 1.8% - 4.6% * 2.5% - 4.1% * 1.6% - 5.9% * 1.3% - 5.2%

Answer 86

1.6% - 5.9%

Question 87

With regard to early signs of BPD, which of the following are true (select all that apply)? * Raised in a single parent household * A common pattern seen is chronic instability in early adulthood * High levels of use of health and mental health resources is common * A common pattern seen is an early diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder * There is a lot of variability in early signs

Answer 87

* A common pattern seen is chronic instability in early adulthood * High levels of use of health and mental health resources is common * There is a lot of variability in early signs