Quizzes

Question 0

What is the pathological cause related to protein being added to the urine as it passes through the lower urinary tract?

Answer 0

Postrenal

Question 1

Two precautions that will ensure a proper interpretation when performing chemical examination on a urine specimen

Answer 1

Proper timing

Proper storage

Question 2

What is the best indicator of renal disease?

Answer 2

Protein

Question 3

Name the three ketones that represent an intermediate product of fat metabolism

Answer 3

Acetone
Acetoacetic acid
Beta-hydroxybutyric acid

Question 4

What is the purpose of the clinitest?

Answer 4

To detect other sugars in the urine especially with children under the age of 2 to detect inborn metabolic disorders

Question 5

What confirmatory test is used for ketones?

Answer 5

Acetest

Question 6

What confirmatory test is used for bilirubin?

Answer 6

Ictotest

Question 7

What confirmatory test is used with protein?

Answer 7

SSA test

Question 8

What chemical on the dipstick uses 2 separate charts using peroxidase activity?

Answer 8

Blood

Question 9

What chemical on the dipstick uses the Ehrlich’s Aldehyde reaction?

Answer 9

Urobilinogen

Question 10

What chemical on the dipstick has a double sequential enzyme reaction with oxidase and peroxidase?

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

What chemical on the dipstick utilizes a double indicator system?

Answer 11

pH

Question 12

What is Pyuria

Answer 12

Increase of WBCs in the urine

Question 13

What is the chemical that is measured based on a change in pKa of polyelectrolytes in solution?

Answer 13

Specific Gravity

Question 14

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 14

Nephron

Question 15

Reabsorption Definition

Answer 15

Absorbing substances from tubular filtrate into blood stream

Question 16

What component makes up nearly half of the solutes dissolved in urine?

Answer 16

Urea

Question 17

Oliguria

Answer 17

Decrease in urine output

Question 18

What is one difference of diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus

Answer 18

Diabetes mellitus has high specific gravity so its falsely dilute urine whereas diabetes insipidus has truly dilute urine

Question 19

An increase in ADH results in what happening to the amount of water being released into urine?

Answer 19

Decrease

Question 20

What urine type is most commonly used?

Answer 20

Random

Question 21

What is the name of the main pigment in urine?

Answer 21

Urochrome

Question 22

What are 4 changes that occur in unpreserved urine?

Answer 22

Increase in pH
Decrease in glucose
Decrease in bilirubin
Changes in color

Question 23

Hematuria

Answer 23

Intact RBCs in the urine giving the urine a red, cloudy appearance

Question 24

The odor of fresh normal urine is…

Answer 24

aromatic

Question 25

What stain is used to identify white blood cells, epithelial cells, and casts?

Answer 25

Kova stain

Question 26

Ghost Cell

Answer 26

Lysed RBC with only cell membrane left due to loss of hemoglobin

Question 27

Glitter Cell

Answer 27

Swelled neutrophils due to a hypotonic urine state inducing “brownian movement” of granules

Question 28

Birefringent

Answer 28

Property to refract light in two directions

Question 29

What type of epithelial cell is from the linings of the vagina and female urethra and the lower portion of the male urethra?

Answer 29

Squamous

Question 30

Small, oval, refractile cells with budding and are not lysed by acetic acid would be…

Answer 30

Yeast

Question 31

What is the major protein associated with cast formation?

Answer 31

Tamm-Horsfall

Question 32

Most frequently seen cast which are colorless and easy to miss under the microscope are..

Answer 32

Hyaline Casts

Question 33

What is the pH most commonly associated with abnormal crystal formation?

Answer 33

Acid

Question 34

Name 2 artifacts that may interfere with microscopic identification of urine elements

Answer 34

Air bubbles and fecal material