Quizzes compilation Flashcards
test yourself lolololol <3 (110 cards)
1
Q
If all of a neuron’s dendrites or axons were
contained within the spinal cord, it would be considered a/ an ____ neuron.
A
Intrinsic
2
Q
According to the _____, serial killers have a
mutation in the following genes: ANKK1, DRD2, DRD4, MAOA, COMT, and 5-HTTLPR, resulting in an increased risk of unemotionality and callousness.
a. evolutionary explanation
b. ontogenetic explanation
c. physiological explanation
d. functional explanation
A
ontogenetic explanation
3
Q
Pok is in the lab and is measuring the resting potential of neurons. Approximately what should she measure as the resting potential?
a. 0 millivolts
b. -70 millivolts
c. 70 millivolts
d. -65 millivolts
A
-70 millivolts
4
Q
The spirit connects the body and the mind.
These three are different and independent
substances. This response to the mind-body problem is from _____
A
neutral monism. (?)
5
Q
The two basic kinds of cells in the nervous
system are _____.
A
neurons and glia
6
Q
Which type of glia removes waste material in the nervous system?
A
Microglia
7
Q
When a body part is damaged beyond repair or amputated, what happens to the brain parts previously connected with the
amputated/ damaged part?
a. It continues to function as if there was no
damage at all.
b. It becomes reconfigured for other parts
and functions
c. All of the choices are correct.
d. It atrophies and dies together with the
damaged part.
A
b. It becomes reconfigured for other parts
and functions
8
Q
What is the main source of nutrition for
vertebrate neurons?
A
Glucose
9
Q
Which of the following best describes the
process by which developing axons find their general target areas?
a. Electrical attraction
b. Chemical attraction
c. Completely random growth
d. Shape attraction
A
b. Chemical attraction
10
Q
What nerve helps relay rest and digest
information to our internal organs?
a. Vagus nerve
b. Optic nerve
c. Olfactory nerve
d. Statoacoustic nerve
A
a. Vagus nerve
11
Q
Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually ____.
a. Large, charged molecules
b. molecules that can dissolve in the fats
of the capillary walls
c. neurotransmitters, such as dopamine
d. large, uncharged molecules, such as
lactose
A
b. molecules that can dissolve in the fats
of the capillary walls
12
Q
Neurons typically have one ____, but many
____.
a. dendrite; cell bodies
b. dendrite; axons
c. cell body; axons
d. axon; dendrites
A
axon; dendrites
13
Q
The mind or consciousness is a property of
matter. This response to the mind-body problem falls under the philosophy of _____
a. monism-idealism.
b. neutral monism.
c. monism-physicalism.
d. dualism.
A
monism-physicalism
14
Q
According to the ______, the emergence of the unemotionality-callousness traits among psychopaths served to allow them to think outside of conventions and arrive at novel solutions despite sometimes not being within moral expectations.
a. functional explanation
b. physiological explanation
c. ontogenetic explanation
d. evolutionary explanation
A
functional explanation
15
Q
Professor Xi studies the _____ located on the _____ of the neurons in order to better
understand how messages are received by the neuron.
a. axons; somas
b. synaptic receptors; dendrites
c. synaptic hillocks; dendrites
d. synaptic receptors; somas
A
b. synaptic receptors; dendrites
16
Q
Which of the following principles makes sure that the action potential is cheap and fast?
a. Principle of Absolute Refractory Period
b. Principle of Saltatory Conduction
c. Principle of Relative Refractory Period
d. Principle of All-or-None
A
b. Principle of Saltatory Conduction
17
Q
The client had a vehicular accident that
severely injured their feet, resulting in a
permanent inability to walk. Assuming no other parts of the body were severely damaged, which division of the nervous system is most likely to be affected by this?
a. Central Nervous System
b. Peripheral Nervous System
c. Sympathetic Nervous System
d. Parasympathetic Nervous System
A
b. Peripheral Nervous System
18
Q
Dr. Pautz studies the immune system and has recently become interested in the glial cells that function similarly to other cells in the immune system. What cells has Dr. Pautz started exploring?
a. Microglia
b. Astrocytes
c. Schwann cells
d. Radial glia
A
a. Microglia
19
Q
Which of the following would trigger the action potential in a neuron?
a. The meeting of the Na and K ions inside
the neuron creates an electrical charge
flowing through the axon
b. The bursting of vesicles in the terminal
button allows for the release of the
neurotransmitters into the extracellular
gap
c. A physical or chemical stimulus that
opens the gates in the neuron allowing
the influx of ions
d. The opening of the voltage-gated
channels allows the efflux of Na and K
ions outside of the neuron
A
c. A physical or chemical stimulus that
opens the gates in the neuron allowing
the influx of ions
20
Q
“When you imagine a pink cow, you create a pink cow made up of mental substance in your mind. This pink cow exists independently of your brain.” This is a statement that is likely to be made by a _____.
a. a person who subscribes to idealism.
b. a person who subscribes to dualism.
c. a person who subscribes to neutral
monism.
d. a person who subscribes to physicalism.
A
a person who subscribes to dualism.
21
Q
Migration requires ____.
a. cells which are myelinated
b. mature neurons
c. a precise chemical environment
d. neurons with fully developed dendrites
A
c. a precise chemical environment
22
Q
____ in the brain and spinal cord and ____ in
the periphery are specialized types of glia that build the myelin sheaths that surround neurons.
a. Oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells
b. Schwann cells; oligodendrocytes
c. Microglia; oligodendrocytes
d. Radial glia; Schwann cells
A
Oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells
23
Q
Which type of glia builds myelin sheaths around axons in the periphery of the body?
A
Schwann cells
24
Q
An action potential causes the release of
neurotransmitters by ____.
a. opening calcium pores in the membrane
b. blocking potassium pores in the
membrane
c. opening chloride pores in the membrane
d. blocking iron pores in the membrane
A
a. opening calcium pores in the membrane
25
Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as ____.
nodes of Ranvier
26
When the internal cellular fluid of the neuron is _____ charged, it is considered as in the ______.
a. negatively; action potential
b. negatively; resting potential
c. positively; resting potential
d. neutrally; action potential
b. negatively; resting potential
27
Which part of the neuron allows for the
saltatory conduction of the action potential?
a. Nodes of Ranvier
b. Soma
c. Terminal button
d. Axon
a. Nodes of Ranvier
28
What is the process called when a primitive
neuron begins to develop dendrites and an
axon?
a. Migration
b. Myelination
c. Proliferation
d. Differentiation
Differentiation
29
The formation of new synapses is called ____.
Synaptogenesis
30
______ division of the nervous system controls voluntary movements, while the _____ division controls involuntary movements.
a. somatic nervous system; autonomic
nervous system
b. both are somatic nervous system
c. both are autonomic nervous system
d. autonomic nervous system; somatic
nervous system
somatic nervous system; autonomic
nervous system
31
Which part of the hindbrain is considered the bridge between the spinal cord and the rest of the brain?
Pons
32
Suppose that a person had a hemorrhagic
stroke, which division of the nervous system is likely damaged?
a. Peripheral Nervous System
b. Autonomic Nervous System
c. Somatic Nervous System
d. Central Nervous System
d. Central Nervous System
33
Which of the following is NOT a factor that
promotes brain plasticity?
a. Increased physical activity.
b. Environmental enrichment.
c. Sensory deprivation.
d. Learning a new skill.
c. Sensory deprivation.
34
Proliferation is the ____.
a. formation of dendrites and an axon
b. movement of primitive neurons and glia
c. production of new cells
d. insulation process that occurs on some
axons
c. production of new cells
35
Marquitta is studying for a quiz and records in her notes that glucose is the main source of fuel for the nervous system and enters the brain via _____.
a. active transport
b. passive transport
c. gaps in the ventricles
d. gaps in the blood-brain barrier
active transport
36
As a general rule, axons convey information ____.
a. toward their own cell body
b. away from their own cell body
c. to surrounding glia
d. toward dendrites of their own cell
away from their own cell body
37
_____ is a kind of stroke where the blot clot
results in bursting of the capillaries in the brain leading to an edema that leads to neuronal death.
Hemorrhagic stroke
38
Which of the following is the correct
explanation of why internal neural
communication is electrical?
a. The message comes in the form of a liquid solution made up of sodium and
potassium particles inside the neuron
b. The message comes in the form of a
charge created by the meeting of
positive and negative ions inside the
neuron
c. The message comes in the form of a
metabolic by-product resulting from the
interaction between electrons and protons
inside the neuron
d. The statement is false. Internal neural
communication is chemical and not
electrical.
b. The message comes in the form of a
charge created by the meeting of
positive and negative ions inside the
neuron
39
Of the two mechanisms of brain repair, which one involves the neuron creating new branching and developing new synapses in compensation or replacement of the damaged parts?
a. Growth of axon collaterals
b. All of the choices are correct.
c. Transforming glial cells into neurons
d. Developing new neurons from stem cells
a. Growth of axon collaterals
40
Professor Nuno explained to her class that
glucose is so important to the brain because ______.
a. neurons and glial cells can only metabolize glucose.
b. glucose is unique and can cross the
blood-brain barrier to be used by
neurons
c. glial cells can only break down glucose
into energy that the neurons can use.
d. all other forms of energy are used up by
the body and don’t make it to the brain.
b. glucose is unique and can cross the
blood-brain barrier to be used by
neurons
41
We are brains in a vat. The world as we
experience it is nothing but a construct of the mind. This response to the mind-body problem comes from _____
a. monism-idealism.
b. dualism.
c. neutral monism.
d. monism-physicalism.
Monism - Idealism
42
Depending on the age and health of the brain and on the extent and location of the damage, what do we call the mechanism of brain plasticity, where the brain regrows new neurons in replacement of the damaged neurons?
a. Resurrecting dead or dying neurons to
neurotrophins
b. Developing new neurons from the glial
cells
c. Developing new neurons from existing
neurons
d. Developing new neurons from stem cells
d. Developing new neurons from stem cells
43
Leeann is studying for a test on
neurotransmission. She wrote in her notes that neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic neuron when the action potential reaches the terminal and opens ______ channels.
a. sodium
b. chloride
c. potassium
d. calcium
Calcium
44
What mechanism prevents or slows some
chemicals from entering the brain while
allowing others to enter?
A blood-brain barrier
45
_____ is the mechanism of communication
within (internal) the neuron, while _____ is the mechanism of communication between
(external) the neurons.
a. electrical; chemical
b. chemical; electrical
c. both are electrical
d. both are chemical
a. electrical; chemical
46
Brain plasticity refers to _____
a. The presence of wrinkles on the brain's
surface.
b. The brain's resistance to change after
development.
c. The death of neurons due to aging.
d. The brain's ability to learn and adapt
throughout life.
d. The brain's ability to learn and adapt
throughout life.
47
What neurotransmitter enables muscle action and is associated with learning and memory?
Acetylcholine
48
Sensory information flows through the _____part of the spinal cord, while motor information flows through the _____ part.
a. medial; lateral
b. lateral; medial
c. dorsal; ventral
d. ventral; dorsal
c. dorsal; ventral
49
Many dendrites contain short outgrowths called spines that _____.
a. increase the surface area available for
synapses
b. eliminate cell waste products
c. increase the symmetry of the soma
d. increase the speed of transmission
a. increase the surface area available for
synapses
50
What type of glial cells myelinate axons in the brain and spinal cord?
oligodendrocytes
51
Which of the following anatomical locations
would be a correct description of the thalamus?
a. Dorsomedial part of the brain
b. Ventromedial part of the brain
c. Ventrolateral part of the brain
d. Dorsolateral part of the brain
b. Ventromedial part of the brain
52
Which part of the hindbrain has been
associated with the functions of movement
coordination, balance, learning, and memory?
Cerebellum
53
_____ is the force that attracts extracellular
positive ions to enter inside the neuron because of their limited number, amount,
or presence intracellularly.
a. Neurochemical gradient
b. Electrical gradient
c. Neurovolemic gradient
d. Concentration gradient
d. Concentration gradient
54
In addition to problems with balance and
coordination, a person with damage to the
cerebellum will likely have problems with ____.
a. amnesia
b. rational decision-making
c. reflexive changes in heart rate
d. shifting attention between auditory and
visual stimuli
d. shifting attention between auditory and
visual stimuli
55
Terrance went to the dentist and was given
some Novocaine. This prevented him from
feeling pain because the drug ____.
a. attached to sodium channels letting in
sodium and stopping the action potential
from sending a pain message
b. attached to sodium channels blocking
sodium from entering and stopping the
action potential from sending a pain
message
c. attached to potassium channels blocking
potassium from entering and stopping the
action potential from sending a pain
message
d. attached to potassium channels letting in
potassium and stopping the action
potential from sending a pain message
b. attached to sodium channels blocking
sodium from entering and stopping the
action potential from sending a pain
message
56
The concept that neurons refine their many
connections based on which ones are most
successful is known as ____.
Neural Darwinism
57
Which of the following is not an argument to support using animals in neuroscience
research?
a. We can gain information about our
evolutionary history with animals of
common prehistoric ancestry.
b. There are physiological similarities across
species that animal research can help
shed light on.
c. Human research is expensive and
requires a lot of resources and
incentives.
d. Humans are naturally curious about
animals and their behavior
c. Human research is expensive and
requires a lot of resources and
incentives.
58
What makes the depolarization happen inside the neuron?
a. The quantity of positive ions exceeds the
number of negative ions inside the neuron.
b. The opening of the chemical and
voltage-gated channels of the neuron.
c. The influx of positive ions into the internal environment of the neuron.
d. All of the choices are correct.
d. All of the choices are correct.
59
Which of the following is the correct
explanation for the phenomenon of phantom limb?
a. The associated brain part previously
connected to the amputated part receives
information from neighboring brain parts
and interprets it as coming from the
amputated part.
b. The associated brain part previously
connected to the amputated part
receives information from other parts
but interprets it as coming from the
amputated part.
c. The associated brain part previously
connected to the amputated part receives
random input from the brain and confuses
it as coming from the amputated part.
d. The associated brain part previously
connected to the amputated part receives
information from the spiritual
representation of the amputated part.
b. The associated brain part previously
connected to the amputated part
receives information from other parts
but interprets it as coming from the
amputated part.
60
Professor Peach is lecturing in her class about glial cells. She will tell her class that glial cells ______.
a. are the “glue” that holds all of the neurons together in the brain.
b. are not as well studied as neurons but
have been shown to perform many
important functions in the nervous
system
c. are responsible for transmitting
information within the peripheral nervous
system.
d. are less common than neurons in the
human nervous system.
b. are not as well studied as neurons but
have been shown to perform many
important functions in the nervous
system
61
Which division of the nervous system is involved in slowing down breathing and heartbeat and generally putting the body in a rest and digest state?
a. Parasympathetic nervous system
b. Sympathetic nervous system
c. Both the sympathetic and the
parasympathetic nervous system
d. Neither the sympathetic nor the
parasympathetic nervous system
a. Parasympathetic nervous system
62
What is the role of the myelin sheath in the
propagation of action potential?
a. It protects the positive ions from coming
into the neuron.
b. It protects the negative ions from going
out of the neuron.
c. All of the choices are correct.
d. It provides gaps where saltatory
conduction may happen.
d. It provides gaps where saltatory
conduction may happen.
63
Andrew was exposed to the chickenpox virus as a child. What happened to that virus after it crossed the blood-brain barrier and entered Andrew’s brain?
a. Nothing happened at first, but the virus
remained there and caused negative
effects on Andrew as he got older.
b. Andrew’s natural killer cells were able to
quickly destroy it.
c. Nothing happened since the chickenpox
virus cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
d. The glia in his brain engulfed the virus,
and then natural killer cells destroyed
them both.
a. Nothing happened at first, but the virus
remained there and caused negative
effects on Andrew as he got older.
64
Chemicals known as ____ and ____ guide
neuron migration.
a. immunoglobulins; chemokines
b. immunoglobulins; sodium
c. chemokines; neurotrophins
d. glia; neurotrophins
a. immunoglobulins; chemokines
65
Which of the following is the most correct
reason why it is relatively impossible to have another action potential during the refractory phase?
a. It is because the internal environment of
the neuron is extremely positively
charged.
b. It is because the internal environment
of the neuron is extremely negatively
charged.
c. All of the choices are correct.
d. It is because the internal environment of
the neuron is neutrally charged because of
the balance of negative and positive ions.
b. It is because the internal environment
of the neuron is extremely negatively
charged.
66
The concentration gradient refers to the ____.
a. fact that the concentration of ions is
greater on the outside of a neuron
b. fact that the concentration of ions is
greater on the inside of a neuron
c. negatively charged proteins inside the cell
d. difference in the distribution of various
ions between the inside and outside of
the membrane
difference in the distribution of various
ions between the inside and outside of
the membrane,
67
Which is the most common, abundant, and main excitatory neurotransmitter of the nervous system?
Glutamate
68
What is the correct difference between a closed head injury and an open head injury?
a. In a closed head injury, damage to the
brain is due to an external object, e.g. skull
fragment, pierces through the brain.
b. In a closed head injury, damage to the
brain is due to rotational forces on the
brain by sudden movement or collision.
c. In an open head injury, damage to the
brain is due to infectious bacteria and
viruses entering the brain.
d. In an open-head injury, damage to the
brain is due to the edema caused by the
severe internal bleeding from trauma.
b. In a closed head injury, damage to the
brain is due to rotational forces on the
brain by sudden movement or collision.
69
When a neuron is damaged, its postsynaptic neuron becomes extremely sensitive to information so that it can be ready for replacement, compensatory, or new connections in lieu of the damaged one. This is called _____.
a. Neural deafferentation
b. Axon sprouting
c. Phantom limbs
d. Denervation supersensitivity
d. Denervation supersensitivity
70
What term describes the difference in voltage that typically exists between the inside and the outside of a neuron?
Resting potential
71
___ is the kind of neurotransmitter receptor
whose opening depends on the kind of
neurotransmitter (ligand) that attaches to it.
a. Ionotropic receptor
b. Neurotransmitter pumps
c. Metabotropic receptor
d. Voltage-gated receptor
a. Ionotropic receptor
72
Mesencephalon is _____ while
rhombencephalon is _____.
a. forebrain; hindbrain
b. hindbrain; midbrain
c. midbrain; hindbrain
d. midbrain; forebrain
c. midbrain; hindbrain
73
Which part of the hindbrain is associated with maintaining life functions like heartbeat, respiration, and blood pressure?
Medulla
74
Which type of glia releases chemicals that
modify the activity of neighboring neurons?
Astrocytes
75
If you were to accidentally touch a hot stove with your hand, you would quickly pull your hand away. The information carried to the muscles in your arm to make them contract was carried by ____.
a. intrinsic neurons
b. afferent neurons
c. efferent neurons
d. sensory neurons
c. efferent neurons
76
A group of forebrain structures is important for motivated and emotional behavior. What term refers to this group of structures?
a. Limbic system
b. Basal ganglia
c. Tegmentum
d. Reticular formation
a. Limbic system
77
What type of glia helps to synchronize the
activity of axons?
Astrocytes
78
The _____ lobe is the most posterior lobe,
while the _____ lobe is the most anterior lobe.
a. parietal; temporal
b. frontal; occipital
c. occipital; frontal
d. temporal; parietal
c. occipital; frontal
79
If the stimulation of the neuron is too weak, it will not trigger an action potential unless
_____.
a. The statement is wrong. Regardless of
timing or placement, a weak stimulus
cannot be summed to trigger an action
potential.
b. There are successive weak stimulations in a certain part summing enough for the
threshold.
c. There are successive and/or
simultaneous weak stimulations in one
or more parts summing enough to meet
the threshold.
d. The are simultaneous weak stimulation in different parts summing enough for the
threshold.
c. There are successive and/or
simultaneous weak stimulations in one
or more parts summing enough to meet
the threshold.
80
A membrane produces an action potential
whenever the potential across it reaches what level?
the threshold of excitation
81
_____ is a type of stroke where the clot leads to hypoxia (lack of oxygenation), leading to the death of the neurons.
Ischemic stroke
82
According to the _____, serial killers in
prehistoric environments of the hunter-gatherer era have a survival advantage because they do not excessively fret about social norms and conventions.
a. physiological explanation
b. functional explanation
c. ontogenetic explanation
d. evolutionary explanation
evolutionary explanation
83
An axon has many branches, each of which
swells at its tip. These are known as ____.
presynaptic terminals
84
Your heart speeds up, your breathing quickens, and your eyes dilate because you are excited about passing the Physiological Psychology subject. Which of the following nervous system divisions is involved?
a. Parasympathetic nervous system
b. Both the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous system
c. Neither the sympathetic nor the
parasympathetic nervous system
d. Sympathetic nervous system
d. Sympathetic nervous system
85
The large-scale integration problem is the
difficulty of ____.
a. knowing how the areas of your brain
work together to create a combined
perception
b. understanding how neurons work
c. how more than one person can perceive
the same object at the same time
d. getting the different parts of the brain to
physically connect during development
a. knowing how the areas of your brain
work together to create a combined
perception
86
Suppose that an excitatory neuron receives an excitatory neurotransmitter, what would be the net effect on the postsynaptic neuron?
a. Excitatory
b. Neither excitatory nor inhibitory
c. Both excitatory and inhibitory
d. Inhibitory
a. Excitatory
87
The insulating material that covers many
vertebrate axons is called the ____.
myelin sheath
88
The branching fibers that form the
information-receiving pole of the nerve cells are called _____.
Dendrites
89
_____ observed that reflexes are slower than conduction along an axon which lent evidence to the presence of the gaps between neurons called synapses.
a. Charles Scott Sherrington
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Otto Loewi
d. Ramon Santiago y Cajal
a. Charles Scott Sherrington
90
Suppose that an inhibitory neuron receives an inhibitory neurotransmitter, the net effect of the postsynaptic neuron will be _____.
a. Inhibitory
b. There is not enough information.
c. Excitatory
d. Can be either excitatory or inhibitory
c. Excitatory
91
Which neurotransmitter has been linked to
Alzheimer's disease when there is too much and Parkinson's disease when there is too little?
a. GABA
b. Dopamine
c. Acetylcholine
d. Serotonin
Dopamine
92
Which is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the nervous system?
GABA
93
Luis is studying for a quiz on neurotransmission. He wrote in his notes that neurotransmitters are typically stored in _____ in the _____ neuron.
a. dendrites; presynaptic
b. axons; presynaptic
c. vesicles; postsynaptic
d. vesicles; presynaptic
d. vesicles; presynaptic
94
If Geri had disruptions to her limbic system, she would likely have problems with _____.
a. emotional behaviors
b. language formation
c. motor coordination
d. perception of three-dimensional objects
a. emotional behaviors
95
Which neurotransmitter is associated with
arousal and aggressive behaviors, and which undersupply is linked to depression?
Serotonin
96
The tree-like branches of a neuron that receive information from other neurons
are called_____.
Dendrites
97
In order to produce an action potential, the
collective amount of depolarization must
exceed the _____
threshold of excitation
98
As compared to dendrites, axons usually
_____.
a. taper in diameter toward the periphery
b. are covered in myelin
c. are shorter in length
d. form the information-receiving pole of the neuron
b. are covered in myelin
99
After cells have differentiated as neurons or glia, they ____.
a. migrate
b. myelinate
c. differentiate
d. proliferate
a. migrate
100
What factors allow for the repolarization of the neuron?
a. All of the choices are correct.
b. The Na pumps slowly flush out the positive ions.
c. The electrical gradient attracts the
positive ions back out of the neuron.
d. The concentration gradient pulls out the
positive ions from inside the neuron.
a. All of the choices are correct.
101
Perception occurs in the sense of organs
independent of brain mechanisms. This
statement is _____. TRUE or FALSE?
FALSE
102
The “binding problem” is the issue of how we ____.
a. convert sensory information into a pattern that produces movement
b. perceive visual, auditory, and other
aspects of a stimulus as a single object
c. transfer information between the left and right hemispheres
d. communicate between word
comprehension and word production
areas of the brain
b. perceive visual, auditory, and other
aspects of a stimulus as a single object
103
Which neurotransmitter is considered as the "feel good" chemical and is also associated with pleasure and arousal?
Dopamine
104
In the spinal cord, the gray matter is made up of _____, while the white matter is made up of ______.
a. axon; cell bodies
b. soma and dendrites; myelin sheath
c. myelin sheath; soma and dendrites
d. cell bodies; neurotransmitters
b. soma and dendrites; myelin sheath
105
Professor Rhodus is lecturing about the
selective permeability of neurons. What would he tell the class?
a. Only sodium and potassium ions can cross the membrane.
b. Only certain molecules can cross the
membrane freely.
c. All ions can only travel in one direction
across the membrane.
d. All molecules must cross the membrane
via a designated channel.
b. Only certain molecules can cross the
membrane freely.
106
Which neurotransmitter is considered the
natural anesthetic of the nervous system?
Endorphins
107
Radial glia ____.
a. wrap around the presynaptic terminals of several axons
b. synchronize the activity of axons
c. guide the migration of neurons during
embryonic development
d. build the myelin sheaths that surround
and insulate certain axons
c. guide the migration of neurons during
embryonic development
108
When the neuronal membrane is at rest, the potassium channels ____.
a. permit potassium ions to pass quickly and easily
b. help to open up the sodium channels
c. prohibit any movement of potassium ions
d. permit potassium ions to pass slowly
permit potassium ions to pass slowly
109
According to the _____, serial killers have
decreased sensitivity to fear of punishments by the law because they have smaller amygdala than typically-functioning individuals.
a. evolutionary explanation
b. physiological explanation
c. ontogenetic explanation
d. functional explanation
b. physiological explanation
110
Dendrites _____.
a. are an insulating material that covers an
axon.
b. are thin fibers of constant diameter
c. are branching fibers that get narrower
near the ends
d. contain the nucleus, ribosomes, and other structures found in most cells
c. are branching fibers that get narrower
near the ends
