R 3.3 Hyperglycemia and renal function

Question 1

____ and ____ decrease blood glucose.

Answer 1

Insulin; Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)

Question 2

_____, _____, and ______ increase blood glucose.

Answer 2

Glucagon; cortisol; catecholamines

Question 3

If blood glucose levels are high, _____ levels can help to to determine if blood glucose is being properly utilized

Answer 3

Ketone bodies

Question 4

What is the equation for Plasma Osm?

Answer 4

2[Na+] + [Glucose]/18 + [BUN]/2.8

Question 5

The ___ transporter on the apical side transports Na+ and Glucose in a 1:1 ratio and is expressed highly in the _____.

Answer 5

SGLT2; PCT

Question 6

The ___ transporter on the apical side transports Na+ and glucose in a 2:1 ratio and is expressed along the _____.

Answer 6

SGLT1; PST

Question 7

GLUT1 and GLUT2 are not regulated by _____, but GLUT_ is.

Answer 7

Insulin; 4

Question 8

The transport maximum of glucose is ____.

Answer 8

375 mg/min

Question 9

The threshold plasma concentration for glucose is _____.

Answer 9

200 mg/dL

Question 10

Mutations in _____ presents with severe diarrhea due to the inability to _____ glucose and galactose in the intestinal tract.

Answer 10

SGLT1; absorb

Question 11

Mutations in ____ reduces the transport maximum for glucose.

Answer 11

SGLT2

Question 12

___ can be used as an index of insulin secretion.

Answer 12

C-peptide

Question 13

Increases in _____ leads to a decrease in blood levels of K+.

Answer 13

Insulin

Question 14

If there is acidosis, blood levels of ____ can increase.

Answer 14

K+