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TERM 4 > Rabbit Dz > Flashcards

Rabbit Dz Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the causative agent for snuffles?

A

Pasteurella multocida

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2
Q

What is the transmission for snuffles?

A

direct contact

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3
Q

what is one of the most common diseases in rabbits?

A

snuffles

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4
Q

What are the c/s associated with snuffles?

A
  • Often subclinical***
  • Respiratory (coughing, dyspnea, nasal discharge) • Conjunctivitis
  • Otitis media and interna
  • Septicemia: acute death
  • Genital tract infections (male and female)
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5
Q

how do you diagnose snuffles?

A

RADIOGRAPHS
PCR
nasal culture

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6
Q

Pathology associated with snuffles?

A

Nasal passages
• Edematous, inflamed, congested • Turbinate atrophy

  • Cranioventral pneumonia
  • Fibrinopurulent pleuritis and pericarditis

Hepatic necrosis

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7
Q

Snuffles–management?

A

treat with ABX….treat symptoms…I think leave the abscesses alone

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8
Q

Tyzzers dans les lapins…transmitted how?

A

same as the others…butt to mouth

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9
Q

Tyzzers who’s affected and what are the clinical signs?

A

weanlings!
and the signs are mostly subclinical.
if you DO see signs that means it must be pretty severe…typically a co-infection involved.
Profuse diarrhea, listlessness, dehydration and death within 72 hours
• 90 – 95% mortality

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10
Q

Tyzzers definite mode of dx?

A

per/serology/culture

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11
Q

Tyzzers gross lesions involve which organs?

A

liver heart intestines

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12
Q

Tyzzer histopath lesions…which stain and which organs will you see lesions in ?

A

W. Starry. Ileum/cecum/colon (edema and necrosis) and liver (parenchymal necrosis)

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13
Q

How do you treat Tyzzers?

A
  • No treatment for clinically ill rabbits
  • Antibiotics are poor secondary to intracellular location
  • Minimize stress
  • Good husbandry
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14
Q

Enterotoxemia caused by what?

A

C. spiroforme

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15
Q

Enterotox and route of transmission?

A

ENVIRONMENT and changes in gut flora

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16
Q

Enterotox and c/s?

A

diarrhea and just pure nastiness around the perineum. moribund…pyrexic…cyanotic…

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17
Q

Enterotox treatment?

A

good husbandry
low stress
copper sulphate supplementation
poop transplant

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18
Q

Collibacillosis caused by?

A

e coli and seen in the young ones (sucklings and weanlings)

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19
Q

Collibacillosis 3 syndromes:

A

enteric/diarrheal
urinary
sepsis/meningitis

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20
Q

Collibacillosis—what kind of diarrhea do sucklings have?

A

severe yellow with high mortality

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21
Q

Collibacillosis—what kind of diarrhea do weanlings get?

A

profuse watery diarrhea, stunted growth, death

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22
Q

Diagnose Collibacillosis?

A

culture! blood agar and biotypying

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23
Q

Collibacillosis zoonotic risks?

A

EHEC/EPEC

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24
Q

Collibacillosis pathology?

A
  • Attaching & effacing lesions w/ pedestal formation
  • EPEC: Petechial‐ecchymotic serosal hemorrhages, thickening & edema of cecal & proximal colon serosa
  • EHEC: enterocolitis, nephropathy, thrombotic microangiopathy
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25
Collibacillosis treatment
* Avoid introducing rabbits of unknown status into a colony * Screen rabbits (culture) & characterize E. coli isolates (PCR) • Eradication: rederivation & antibiotic treatment * Antibiotic treatment? * EPEC Antimicrobial resistance * Enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol, neomycin • Fluid therapy for clinically affected animals
26
Trepanematosis aka...?
“Venereal spirochetosis, rabbit syphilis, vent disease”
27
Trepanematosis causative agent?
Treponema paraluiscuniculi
28
Trepanematosis transmission
* Direct contact during breeding | * +/‐ vertical transmission
29
Trepanematosis c/s
Lesions on vulva/prepuce • Swelling & erythema vesicles, papules ulceration, scaling & crusting
30
Trepanematosis diagnose?
• Serology • Nontreponemal antigen tests • Microhemagglutination: optimal assay • Dark‐field microscopic examination of wet‐mounted scrapings from lesions • Histology: silver stained testicular sections • PCR
31
Trepanematosis pathology:
Pathology: • Erythematous macules or papules to erosions, ulcers & crusts • Epidermal hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia and acanthosis with ulceration; macrophage & plasma cell infiltrate
32
Trepanematosis treatment
• Quarantine & test new breeding animals prior to introduction into the colony • Hysterectomy derivation can eliminate • Benzathine penicillin G‐procaine penicillin G at 7‐day intervals resolution of lesions in 2 weeks
33
Myxomatosis cause and which rabbits?
``` Leporipoxvirus like rabbit fibroma virus brush rabbits (wild) ```
34
Myxomatosis transmission
Direct contact | • Arthropod vectors
35
What stain is best used to id clostridium?
war. starry stain
36
Which rabbit type is susceptible to myxomatosis?
Oryctolagus new zealand
37
lesions for myxomatosis
Mucinous skin lesions, tumors, edema around mouth, nose, anus & genitals, progressive conjunctivitis with serous & mucopurulent secretions from eyes & nose
38
myxomatosis diagnostics
Definitive: culture
39
myxomatosis treatment
Prevent contact with arthropods | • Quarantine infected rabbits
40
Rabbit Fibroma Virus cause?
Leporipoxvirus
41
Rabbit Fibroma Virus lesions?
skin tumors on legs/face
42
Leporid Herpesviruses
LH-4 Alpha
43
Leporid Herpesviruses LH-4 Alpha | in what rabbits and causes what?
domestic Severe disease in preweanlings: weakness, anorexia, conjunctivitis, keratitis, periocular swelling, & skin ulcers in some animals
44
Cottontail (Shope) Papillomavirus transmission
+/-arthropods like myxomatosis
45
c/s Cottontail (Shope) Papillomavirus
• Papillomas on the neck, shoulders, abdomen, eyelids, ears
46
special c/s sign Cottontail (Shope) Papillomavirus
• Up to 25% of infected rabbits develop squamous cell carcinomas
47
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease caused by
calicivirus
48
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease transmission
Fecal‐oral
49
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease C/S
peracute-death acute-lymphopenia and coagulopathy subacute- mild with survival
50
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Treatment:
* Quarantine & depopulate | * Thoroughly cleanse & disinfect the environment
51
ear mites that don't burrow-Psoroptes
Pruritic lesions in the inner surfaces of the external ear • Scratching, head shaking, pain, self‐mutilation • Tan, crusty exudate with moist, erythematous underlying skin
52
Cheyletiella spp. important??
ZOONOTIC | Walking dandruff
53
Cheyletiella spp. differentiating c/s compared to Psoroptes
no pruritis/no skin lesions
54
Sarcoptic Mange does it burrow and cause extreme itchiness?
yes. will see secondary hair loss and most lesions seen on the head. can sometimes have anemia, leukopenia and secondary bacterial infectoins
55
what's an unusual pathology associated with sarcastic?
• In severe infestations, amyloidosis of liver & glomerulus
56
Tricophyton mentagrophytes...zoonotic?
yes
57
how to treat/deal with Tricophyton mentagrophytes?
self limiting in healthy animals vaccine available may have to cull
58
Hepatic Coccidiosis cause?
Eimeria stiedae
59
Hepatic Coccidiosis c/s
• Hepatomegaly (common), icterus, anorexia | can also see diarrhea and weight loss
60
Hepatic Coccidiosis interesting way to dx?
impression smears with cut surface of the liver
61
Hepatic Coccidiosis pathology
Enlarged, discolored liver with multifocal yellowish‐white lesions of varying size, exudate in biliary tree, dilatation of bile ducts • Papillomatous hyperplasia of ducts with multiple life cycle stages of the organism present in the biliary epithelium
62
Encephalitozoonosis cause?
Encephalitozoon cuniculi
63
Encephalitozoonosis big thing about this one...?
zoonotic!
64
Encephalitozoonosis best place to look for dz?
kidneys and brain with Giemsa stain, Gram stain, Goodpasture’s carbol fuschin stain
65
Encephalitozoonosis c/s
Convulsions, tremors, torticollis, paresis‐paralysis, coma, signs of kidney failure
66
Encephalitozoonosis transmission
* Direct contact, environmental contamination * Urine * Vertical transmission possible as well
67
Encephalitozoonosis pathology
Kidney: multiple white, pinpoint areas or gray, indented areas on renal cortical surface • Granulomatous inflammation ± interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes & plasma cells, tubular degeneration • Organism may be free‐floating in renal tubules • Granulomatous encephalitis (characteristic), spinal cord lesions • Organism often not observed histologically

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