Race Flashcards
(23 cards)
Race is not a biological term
It is a social construct.
Ethnicity
Identifying with each other based on common ancestry or heritage.
Race is socially constructed on basis of biological traits.
Ethnicity is socialy constructed on the basis of cultural traits.
Discrimination
An action, directed unfairly towards someone.
Prejudice
Act of pre-judging someone usually in a negative way.
Stereotype
An exaggerated description applied to every person of a category.
Racism
Act based on the belief that one race is superior to others.
Scapegoat Theory
Blaming a minority for your own mistakes that often results in feelings of prejudice toward the person or group that one is blaming.
Authoritarian Personality Theory
Extreme prejudice to old conventional values. tend to conform to authority and believe that complete obedience to rules and regulations is completely necessary; any deviation from rules is to be treated harshly.
Conflict Theory
Prejudice used as tool by powerful people to suppress others.
Fear is used as a factor.
Individual prejudice and discrimination: one person discriminating against another.
Institutionalized prejudice and discrimination: a larger part of society’s fabric like schools, hospitals, workplace, etc.
Prejudice and Discrimination : The Vicious Cycle
One reinforces the other. Even if it was not the case, the consequences satisfies the accusations.
It all starts with a stereotype.
Pluralism
People of all races and ethnicities have equal social standing.
Assimilation
Process by which minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture.
Segregation: Physical and social separation of categories of people.
H
De jure segregation: segregation by law
De facto segregation: segregation by facts
Hyper segregation: Having little contact of any kind of people beyond your local community.
Genocide
Systematic killing of one category of people by another category.
Eg: hitler, genghis khan, war betn indians and pakistanis.
Native Americans
Genocide by white Americans.
During the 15th century, the population was 10 million.
Dark skin made them targets of prejudice and discrimination.
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants
Of English ancestry.
Were the dominats.
Not subject to prejudice and discrimination.
African Americans
Were enslaved.
Were denied basic human rights.
The 13th amendment outlawed slavery.
The 14th amendment granted citizenship to all born in the U.S.
The 15th amendment gave them right to vote.
People of African ancestry have struggled for social equality for 400 years.
Jim Crow Laws: institutionalized discrimination that segregated US society into two racial castes.
Gains from 1950s and 1960s
National Civil Rights Movement
Black Power Movement: gave Afro Americans sense of pride and purpose.
Asian Americans
Chinese Americans: immigration began in 1849 during gold rush.
They were enslaved to build the transcontinental railroad.
During 1882, for 20 men, 1 woman was allowed as to control the Chinese population.
By 1950s, many experienced social mobility upward.
Japanese Americans
Immigration began in 1860s
After Pearl Harbor, they faced critical backlash.
They were detained in military camps by Executive Order.
In 1944, the internment ended.
In 1988, the Congress awarded $20,000 to each victim as compensation.
Hispanic Americans/ Latinos
No of people surpassed 35 millin 2000.
Surpassed African Americans by 12.3%
Puerto Ricans
Island became US possession after the Spanish-American war.
Became citizens in 1917.
Cuban Americans
400,000 Cubans fled to the US after Castro revolution in 1959.
