Race/Ethnicity Flashcards
(21 cards)
Essentialism
a belief that a particular category of people (i.e., gender, race, etc) have an underlying and unchanging ‘essence,’ and sets up a basis for ‘othering’
Othering
justification for treating other categories of people differently because of their perceived essence
Visible Minority
anyone who is not Caucasian, Aboriginal, or white
Stereotypes
biased characterizations of some category of people (images, ideas, caricatures) (minorities can stereotype too)
Prejudice
a rigid or irrational generalization about an entire category of people (unjustified reaction, opinions, feelings, attitudes, can be positive/negative)
Racism
the belief that one racial category is innately inferior to another
Discrimination
treating various categories of people unequally
Systemic racism and discrimination
bias in the operation of society’s institutions
The vicious self-perpetuating cycle
prejudice and discrimination reinforce each other.
step 1: prejudice and discrimination –>
step 2: social disadvantage->
step 3: belief in minority’s innate inferiority (repeat)
Pluralism
a state in which people of all races and ethnicities have equal social standing
Assimilation
minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture
Segregation
physical and social separation of categories of people, e.g., Japanese internment in WW2
Genocide
the systemic killing of one category of people by another, e.g., holocaust, Rwanda, Small pox to natives
Racialization
(‘race’ is a social construct) stresses human actions (power relations) are involved in creating and maintaining categories and assigning membership to categories based on physical appearance or parent origins
‘others’ & ‘othering’
those assigned memberships in ‘exceptional’ categories: the process of doing so and accompanying beliefs and attitudes
Mixed race
ambivalent nd contradictory reading of bodies
Intersectionality
refers to the complex interplay between gender and other forms of social identity or social categorization, such as race, age, sexual orientation, or class
Gaze
a process through which subjects become objectified by the way they are viewed, especially by dominant others
external racial gaze
the act of looking exerts power over one who is ‘looked upon’ and ‘named’
Hegemonic Femininity
the social ideals that women must live up to in order to be perceived and valued as a ‘woman’
Multiculturalism
sense of equal appreciation and celebration of culture, ethnicity, religion, traditional practices and the like
