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BPT written exam > RACP EXAM CRAM > Flashcards

RACP EXAM CRAM Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of dobutamine?

A

Beta 1-adrenoceptror agonist

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of myocarditis?

A

Enterovirus

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3
Q

Which drug is most effective in improving systolic function in CCF?

A

ACE inhibitor

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4
Q

How do beta blockers help in stable angina?

A

Reduce myocardial oxygen demand

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5
Q

What is the classic cause of an accelerated junctional rhythm?

A

Digoxin toxicity

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6
Q

What rate is a junctional escape rhythm?

A

40-60bpm

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7
Q

Oral morphine to IV/scut morphine?

A

3:1

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8
Q

Treatment of choice for invasive pulmonary aspergillus?

A

Voriconazole

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9
Q

Formula for A-a gradient at sea level

A

713 * FiO2 - 1.25*pCO2 - paO2

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10
Q

Tibial nerve innervates which ankle movement?

A

Inversion

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11
Q

Deep peroneal nerve innervates which ankle movement?

A

Eversion

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12
Q

Which 3 anti-hypertensives will not interfere with aldosterone:renin ratio?

A

Verapamil, hydralazine, prazosin

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13
Q

Addison’s disease is due to a deficiency in which enzyme?

A

21-hydroxylase

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14
Q

If a patient has ACTH-dependent Cushing’s disease, what is the best next test that will differentiate a pituitary tumour from an ectopic tumour?

A

High dose (8 mg) dexamethasone suppression test will suppress ACTH and cortisol with a pituitary, but NOT with an ectopic tumour

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15
Q

In adrenal insufficiency, what prophylaxis should be done during times of stress? What if they are not tolerating PO intake?

A

Double dose of glucocorticoid (or hydrocortisone IV 25mg TDS if not tolerating PO)

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16
Q

Puffy hands, anti-U1RNP positive, dsDNA negative. Diagnosis?

A

Mixed connective tissue disease

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17
Q

Antibody for limited scleroderma?

A

Anti-centromere
[anti-centromere = limited SSc and Pulm HTN]
[anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70 = Diffuse SSc and ILD]

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18
Q

Antibody for ILD in scleroderma?

A

Anti-topisomerase I aka Scl-70.

[anti-centromere = limited SSc and Pulm HTN]

[anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70 = Diffuse SSc and ILD]

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19
Q

Anti-centromere antibodies are associated with which 2 features of scleroderma?

A

Limited SSc. Pulmonary hypertension
[anti-centromere = limited SSc and Pulm HTN]
[anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70 = Diffuse SSc and ILD]

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20
Q

Antibody for pulmonary hypertension in scleroderma?

A

Anti-centromere
[anti-centromere = limited SSc and Pulm HTN]
[anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70 = Diffuse SSc and ILD]

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21
Q

Anti-topoisomerase (aka Scl-70) antibodies are associated with which 2 features of scleroderma?

A

Diffuse SSc + Interstitial lung disease

[anti-centromere = limited SSc and Pulm HTN]

[anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70 = Diffuse SSc and ILD]

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22
Q

Anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies are associated with which 2 features of scleroderma?

A

Diffuse SSc. Severe renal disease

[anti-centromere = limited SSc and Pulm HTN]

[anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70 = Diffuse SSc and ILD]

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23
Q

Which ANCA has a higher relapse rate?

A

c-ANCA / PR-3

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24
Q

Which ANCA has a lower relapse rate?

A

p-ANCA/ MPO

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25
Which antibody is associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome?
Anti-SSA (Ro60) - not Ro53
26
Anti-SSA (Ro60) is associated with which condition?
Primary Sjogren's
27
Anti-Jo1 is associated with which condition?
Polymyositis
28
Anti-Mi2 is associated with which condition?
Dermatomyositis
29
Some autosomal recessive genetic condition has a carrier frequency of 1 in 50. What is the prevalence?
50^2 \* 4 = 1 in 10,000 Prevalence = (carrier freq)^2 \* 4
30
Some autosomal recessive condition has a prevalence of 1 in 40,000. What is the carrier frequency?
In in 100. (40,000 /4 = 10,000. Sqr root of 10,000 = 100) Carrier freq = Sqr(prevalence/4)
31
AML: worst prognostic cytogenetics?
Del 5 or del 7
32
APML cytogenetics?
T(15;17)
33
Translocation in Burkitt's lymphoma
t(8;14) 8urkitt's 14mphoma
34
Translocation in follicular lymphoma?
t(14;18) 14mphoma (18 letters in foll lymph)
35
Translocation in mantle cell lymphoma?
t(11;14) Mantle ce11 14mphoma
36
Translocation in Ewing's sarcoma?
t(11;22) Patrick Ewing 11 + 12 = 33
37
Translocation in Philadelphia chromosome?
t(9;22) 9hiladelphia (22 letters in Phil Chr)
38
Translocation in AML?
t(8;21)
39
Defining clinical characteristics of MEN 1, MEN2a and 2b?
1. Parathyroid adenoma (pituitary adenoma +/- pancreas/GI adenoma) 2a. Medullary thyroid cancer 2b. Marfanoid
40
Genes for MEN 1, 2a and 2b
MEN 1. MENIN or MEN1 MEN2a and 2b. RET oncogene
41
Complement deficiency disposes to which bacteria?
Meningococcus
42
Most common bacterial cause of IECOPD?
HiB
43
Which bacteria in UTI won't produce nitrites?
Enterococcus
44
Which receptor does clopidogrel target?
P2Y12 | (P for plavix)
45
Autoimmune hepatitis antibody?
ASMA Anti smooth muscle Ab
46
ASMA suggests which condition?
Autoimmune hepatitis
47
Antibody in primary biliary cholangitis?
AMA Anti mitochondrial antibody
48
AMA antibodies suggest which condition?
PBC Primary biliary cholangitis
49
Which antibody is associated with primary sclerosis cholangitis?
pANCA
50
When is pacing indicated in syncope?
CardioinhibItory (HR goes down with tilt)or mixed carotid sinus syndrome
51
Causes of loud S1
Mitral stenosis, PS, tachycardia
52
Causes of soft S1
MR, PR prolongation, LBBB
53
Causes of loud S2
HTN, pHTN
54
Causes of soft S2
Aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation
55
Causes of S3
LV failure, MR, constrictive pericarditis, physiological
56
Causes of S4
AS, HOCM, HTN, pHTN
57
Fanconi syndrome triad
Skeletal lesions of hypophosphatemia (rickets or osteomalacia), renal aminoaciduria, and renal glycosuria
58
Thyroid cancers: Most to least common and best to worse prognosis
Papillary, follicular, medullary, anaplastic Please fuck my arse.
59
Most significant CYP inducers?
St John's wart. Phenytoin. Carbamazepine. Rifampacin. Modafanil. Aprepitant. Ritonavir. Enzalutamide. There was a CAR, a PREPurchase MODified tRITON. In the ENZ, a ST JOHNS ambulance TOWed it up a RAMP
60
Most significant CYP inhibitors?
Amiodarone. Azoles. Duloxetine. Diltiazem. Fluoxetine. Clarithromycin. Imatinib. COCP. Verapamil. Plavix. Ciclosporin. Paroxetine. Am I da one dill with clarity? I’m a tiny cock in a deluxe asshole. Vera will play vixen in a cycle of flux and paradox
61
Vd(L) =
Vd (L) = _dose (mg)_ [plasma] (mg/L)
62
Loading dose =
![]()Loading dose = volume of distribution x desired plasma concentration Dose (mg) = Vd (L) x [plasma] (mg/L)
63
t 1/2 =
![]()t 1/2 = .693 x Vd/ Cl t 1/2 (hr) = .693 x Vd (L) / Cl (L/hr)
64
For a continuous IV infusion Infusion rate =
Desired concentration (mg/L) x clearance (L/hr) ![]()
65
For a continuous IV infusion, Concentration =
Concentration = infusion rate/ clearance ![]()[plasma] (mg/L) = infusion rate (mg/hr)/ clearance (L/hr)
66
For intermittent dosing, Concentration =
Steady state concentration = _[dose x bioavailability]_ [clearance x dose interval] ![]()[steady state] (mg/L) = _dose (mg) x bioavailability_ cl (L/hr) x interval (HR)
67
Definition of pulmonary arterial hypertension?
Mean pulmonary arterial pressure \>/= 20mmHg and Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure \<15mmHg
68
Indications for mitral valve replacement in MR?
60/60 LVEF \<60% or LVEDD \>60mm
69
Indications for intervention in aortic regurgitation?
55/55 Before LVEF \<55% and before LVEDD \>55mm

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