Rad 210

Question 1

A common SID for upper limb

Answer 1

Min 40 Sid

Question 2

How many bones in each and and wrist

Answer 2

27

Question 3

How many groups of bones are the hand and wrist divided into?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

List the 3 groups of hand and wrist bones

Answer 4

Phalanges, Metacarpals, Carpals

Question 5

What is phalanges?

Answer 5

Fingers and digits

Question 6

What does Metacarpals mean?

Answer 6

Palm

Question 7

What does DIP mean?

Answer 7

Distal interphalangeal

Question 8

What does PIP mean?

Answer 8

Proximal interphalangeal

Question 9

What does MCP mean?

Answer 9

metacarpophalangeal

Question 10

What does CMC mean?

Answer 10

carpometacarpal

Question 11

What does the term hamate mean?

Answer 11

hooked

Question 12

Accurate centering and alignment of the body and the Cr are important for exams of the upper limbs to avoid..?

Answer 12

Shape and size distortion

Question 13

what is the mnemonic for the carpals?

Answer 13

Steve Left The Party To Take Carol Home.

Question 14

To prevent superimposition of the radius and ulna that may result from these pivot-type rotational movements, the forearm is radiographed with the hand?

Answer 14

Supinated for AP projection

Question 15

The radius and ulna can be separated through lateral rotation of what degree?

Answer 15

40-45

Question 16

The principal exposure factors for radiography of the upper limbs are?

Answer 16

1. Lower to medium kVp (60 to 80—digital)
2. Short exposure time
3. Small focal spot
4. Adequate mAs for sufficient density (brightness)

Question 17

A general positioning rule that is especially applicable to the upper limbs is to?

Answer 17

Always to place the long axis of the part being imaged parallel to the long axis of the portion of the IR being exposed.

Question 18

The following three positioning principles should be remembered for upper limb examinations?

Answer 18

1. Part should be parallel to plane of IR.
2. CR should be 90° or perpendicular to part and IR, unless a specific CR angle is indicated.
3. CR should be directed to correct centering point.

Question 19

What is the ALARA principle?

Answer 19

as low as reasonably achievable

Question 20

The third carpal bone on the proximal row (from the lateral aspect of wrist) is the?

Answer 20

Triquetrum

Question 21

Which of the following structures is located on
the distal humerus?

Answer 21

Capitulum

Question 22

he interphalangeal (IP) joints are classified as?

Answer 22

Ginglymus

Question 23

The distal radius will cross over the ulna when
the hand is pronated

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What are the three positioning
principles

Answer 24

1. Part parallel to IR
2. CR 90° to part and IR
3. Correct CR centering

Question 25

What type of CR angle is required for the AP axial projection (modified Robert’s method)?

Answer 25

15° proximal

Question 26

How many exposures (minimum) are required for the AP elbow acute flexion study?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

What type of CR angle is required for the tangential (Gaynor-Hart method) projection?

Answer 27

25° to 30°

Question 28

A good criterion by which to evaluate a true lateral position of the elbow when it is flexed

Answer 28

90 degrees

Question 29

The bones of the upper limb can be divided into four main groups, list the groups.

Answer 29

1) hand and wrist 2) forearm 3) arm 4 shoulder gridle

Question 30

Each phalanx consists of three parts,list them.

Answer 30

head, body(shaft) and base

Question 31

For radiographic purposes, the first metacarpal is considered part of the thumb and must be included in its entirety in a radiograph of the thumb from...

Answer 31

the distal phalanx to the base of the first metacarpal.

Question 32

The _______ is a small depression on the medial aspect of the distal radius.

Answer 32

Ulnar notch

Question 33

The ___________ is located at the proximal end of the radius near the elbow joint.

Answer 33

head of the radius

Question 34

The ______________ are ellipsoidal (condyloid)-type joints that allow movement in four directions—flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Answer 34

second to fifth MCP joints

Question 35

Radiographic examinations involving the upper limb on ambulatory patients generally are performed with the patient seated_____?

Answer 35

sideways at the end of the table, in a position that is neither strained nor uncomfortable.

Question 36

Technical Factors for a PA Projection—Fingers

Answer 36

* Minimum SID—40 inches (100 cm) * IR size—8 × 10 inches (18 × 24 cm), portrait; smallest IR available and collimate to area of interest * Nongrid * kVp range—55 to 65

Question 37

Technical Factors for “FAN” Lateral—Lateromedial Projection: Hand

Answer 37

* Minimum SID—40 inches (100 cm) * IR size—10 × 12 inches (24 × 30 cm), portrait; smallest IR available and collimate to area of interest * Nongrid * kVp range—55 to 65 * Accessories—45° foam step support

Question 38

Patient Position for PA Scaphoid—Hand Elevated and Ulnar Deviation: Wrist

Answer 38

Seat patient at end of table with hand and forearm extended. Drop shoulder so that shoulder, elbow, and wrist are on same horizontal plane.

Question 39

Patient Position for Lateromedial Projection—Elbow

Answer 39

Seat patient at end of table, with elbow flexed 90°

Question 40

What is the proper shielding for patient during Upper lim x-rays.

Answer 40

A lead, vinyl-covered shield should be draped over the patient’s lap or gonadal area.

Question 41

The hand is flexwd _______ in relation to the IR for the AP axial projection?

Answer 41

65*

Question 42

During the PA axial scaphoid projection with central ray angle and ulnar flexion, the central ray must be angled _____-______ proximally.

Answer 42

10*-15*

Question 43

Osteopetrosis

Answer 43

Mixed areas of sclerotic and cortical thickining along with radiolucent lesions.

Question 44

For a forearm study, the tech needs to include only the joints closest to the site of the injury?

Answer 44

False

Question 45

How much and what direction should the central ray be angled for the trauma axial lateral projection, involving the coronoid process?

Answer 45

45* away from the shoulder

Question 46

What routine projections are required for a study of the forearm?

Answer 46

AP and lateral

Question 47

The best position to evaluate the posterior fat pads of the elbow joint is?

Answer 47

lateral, flexed 90*

Question 48

To position the patient properly for an AP projection of the elbow, the epicondyles must be ______ to the IR?

Answer 48

Parallel

Question 49

Bursitis

Answer 49

Fluid-filled joint space with possible calcification

Question 50

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 50

possible calcification in the carpal sulcus