RAD PATIENT CARE FOR MOCK

Question 1

what modalities do not use ionizing radiation?

Answer 1

MRI & sonography (US)

Question 2

what are accreditation agencies? certification bodies? professional societies? joint commission? for radiography?

Answer 2

ensure programs meet standards;
JRCERT
award credentials; ARRT
voluntary organizations; ASRT
accreditation for hospitals/clinics

Question 3

what are the 2 types of history taking data?

Answer 3

subjective; feelings & attitudes
objective; measurable

Question 3

what are the sacred seven medical histories?

Answer 3

localization (where does it hurt?)
chronology (when did it start?)
quality (describe the symptoms?)
severity (scale 1-10)
onset (was there an event?)
aggravating factors (hurt more or less when you stand?)
associated manifestations (do other symptoms occur at the same time?)

Question 3

how many views must be on all radiographs? how many degrees apart?

Answer 3

2 views; 90 degrees apart

Question 4

where is the center of gravity located at? what angle should wheelchair transfers be at to the table?

Answer 4

second sacral segment
45 degrees

Question 5

what is the goal of immobilization techniques?

Answer 5

to reduce motion

Question 5

what are WRMSD (work-related Musculoskeletal disorders) caused by?

Answer 5

single event or repetition (US)

Question 6

what are the rules regarding restraints?

Answer 6

do not remove restraint w/o permission
do not restrain w/o permission

Question 7

what are the average temperatures & locations of these?
oral:
axillary:
tympanic:
temporal:
rectal:

Answer 7

98.6 (mouth)
97.6 (armpit)
97.6 (ear)
100 (head)
99.6 (butt)

Question 8

what is the range for hypothermia by oral temperature? hyperthermia?

Answer 8

below 97.7 degrees
above 99.5 degrees

Question 9

what are the average respiratory rates for children? adults?

Answer 9

20-30 breaths per min
12-20 breaths per min
(key number is 20)

Question 10

what are these terms?
bradypnea:
tachypnea:
bradycardia:
tachycardia:

Answer 10

slow breathing rate
fast breathing rate
slow pulse rate
fast pulse rate

Question 10

what is hypotension? hypertension?

Answer 10

low blood pressure
high blood pressure

Question 11

what is the normal range for oxygen saturation? what is the normal blood pressure number? what is considered a drug? what color is the flowmeter labeled?

Answer 11

95-100%
120/80; systolic/diastolic
oxygen; green

Question 11

what is the average pulse rate for children? adults?

Answer 11

70-120 BPM
60-100 BPM

Question 12

what is bacteria? classified by? cause?

Answer 12

microscopic single celled, resides in host as colony
classified by shape
strep throat or food poisoning

Question 12

what is the chain of infection?

Answer 12

pathogen (bacteria, fungi, virus, or parasite)
reservoir (people, animals, soil, food, or water)
portal of exit (coughing/sneezing, bodily secretions, or feces)
mode of transmission (direct or indirect contact or vectors (insects)
portal of entry (mouth, nose, eyes, cuts)
susceptible host (elderly, infants, or immunocompromised, or anyone)

Question 12

what is a virus? what can it infect?what does it cause?

Answer 12

microscopic organism that infects human, plants, or animals
can’t produce w/o host or live long outside cell
flu, cold, COVID

Question 13

what are these types of tubes?
endotracheal tubes:
thoracostomy tubes:
central lines:

Answer 13

x-ray needed for placement; 1-2” superior to carina
chest tubes; drain fluid from pleura space
catheter inserted into large vein; subclavian, internal jugular, or femoral veins

Question 14

what is a fungi? what can it cause?

Answer 14

single celled or complex multicellular organism
small no. of fungi affect animals
athlete’s foot, ringworm, or thrush

Question 15

what are parasitic protozoa? classified by?

Answer 15

neither plant or animal but larger than bacteria
classified by movement; live at the expense of the host

Question 16

what is the parasitic disease that causes the most deaths globally?

Answer 16

malaria

Question 17

what are these types of transmission?
direct contact:
droplet:
blood borne:
airborne:
vector:
fomite:

Answer 17

person to person
pathogen transfer via bodily secretion
transmitted through blood
pathogens remain suspended in air long after person left; smaller than 5 microns
insects transport pathogen
inanimate objects

Question 18

what are nosocomial infections? how many inpatients contract this?

Answer 18

hospital infection 5% of inpatients

Question 18

what is the recommended handwashing time? hand rubbing time?

Answer 18

40-60 seconds 20-30 seconds

Question 19

what is the PPE donning order? removal?

Answer 19

gown, mask, goggles, & gloves (GMGG) gloves, goggles, gown, & mask (GGGM)

Question 20

what are four common radiology surgical procedures?

Answer 20

chest tube placement, dressing changes, tracheostomy, & urinary catherization

Question 20

what is medical asepsis? what is surgical asepsis?

Answer 20

reduction of microorganisms from an area elimination of all microorganisms from an area

Question 21

what are the different types of shock? what is it caused by?

Answer 21

hypovolemic; loss of blood/fluids cardiogenic: cardiac disorders neurogenic: spinal cord damage vasogenic: anaphylaxis

Question 22

what are 5 common non-aseptic procedures in radiology?

Answer 22

NG tubes urinal use bedpan use enema barium enema

Question 23

what are the signs of stroke?

Answer 23

slurred speech, dizziness, loss of vision, & one-sided paralysis

Question 24

what do each of these drug nomenclatures mean? generic name: chemical name: trade name:

Answer 24

drug name given when commercially available identifies chemical structure of drug drug name based of specific company; brand name

Question 24

what are these type of drug classifications? antiarrthymics: antidiabetic: antihistamines: antiplatelets: vasodilators:

Answer 24

adenosine metformin; glucophage diphenhydramine (Benadryl) aspirin nitroglycerin

Question 25

what can influence a drug reaction?

Answer 25

age, health, time of day, emotional status, other drugs, genetics, diseases

Question 26

what consists of a mild drug reaction? moderate?

Answer 26

anxiety, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting, & itching urticaria, bronchospasm, angioedema, hypotension, tachycardia (over 100 bpm)

Question 27

what are considered severe drug reactions?

Answer 27

bradycardia (less 50bpm), cardiac arrythmias, laryngeal swelling, convulsions, loss of consciousness, cardiac & respiratory arrest, no pulse

Question 28

what is an idiosyncratic reaction?

Answer 28

unusual response to a drug because of individual genetics

Question 28

what are the different modes of transmission for drug application?

Answer 28

topical; drug application directly to the skin enteral; drug through digestive system (oral, sublingual, buccal, rectal) parenteral: drug administration by needle/syringe (intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous, & subcutaneous)

Question 29

how are needles measured? what are there sizes? what is the most common?

Answer 29

gauges for diameter; 14-28 (smaller the number the bigger the diameter) length varies from .25in-5in usually 1in-1.5in

Question 30

what is the rule for venipuncture needle insertion? what are some things can happen?

Answer 30

insert needle next to vein at 15-30 degree angle infiltration; medicine leaking into soft tissue w/o irritation extravasation; medicine leaking with irritation

Question 31

what do these medical abbreviations mean? _ S: NPO: SC: Stat: _ C: IM: IV: PO:

Answer 31

without nothing by mouth subcutaneously immediately with intramuscular intravenously by mouth

Question 32

what is negative & positive contrast media? how do they appear? what are some examples?

Answer 32

negative; comprised of low atomic number elements; appear radiolucent on image (air/gas) positive; comprised of high atomic number elements; appears radiopaque on image (barium/iodine)

Question 33

what is barium sulfate? what does it have a tendency to do? what do suspension mean? what is a must following barium studies? what is a contraindication of barium?

Answer 33

positive contrast media flocculation (clump) w/o the addition of sodium carbonate it mean it must be continually mixed push fluids bowel perforation

Question 33

what is osmolality? viscosity? where do we see the most adverse reactions to contrast be a result from?

Answer 33

number of particles in a solution per unit liquid compared to blood thickness or friction of fluid as it flows osmolality

Question 34

what are some considerations we should have when using contrast?

Answer 34

renal function; metformin usage should be discontinued 48hrs before & after the use of iodine contrast

Question 35

what are radiopharmaceuticals? what are the two types of contamination?

Answer 35

emit gamma radiation monitored by gamma camera in nuclear dept external; spilled on internal; ingested

Question 36

what are the two main sections of the ARRT standard of ethics? what do they say?

Answer 36

code of ethics; behaviors professionals should aspire to achieve rules of ethics; mandatory rules of acceptable conduct

Question 37

what are these? electronic medical record (EMR): electronic health record (HER): hospital information system (HIS): radiology information system (RIS):

Answer 37

medical records for a single institution easily accessible medical records by patient assist in patient scheduling & billing; assigns patient number manages orders in radiology department; assigns an accession number

Question 38

what are these? ICD-10-CM: CPT-4:

Answer 38

reasons for the visit, translated into code code for specific diagnostic procedure & services

Question 39

what are the types of law involved with medical law?

Answer 39

constitutional; supreme law of the land legislative; statues & regulations that direct most of our daily lives case; judge or jury contract; legally enforceable agreement (NDA)

Question 40

where do 10% of all medical negligence lawsuits originate from?

Answer 40

medical imaging; misdiagnosis's

Question 41

what are the two forms of defamation?

Answer 41

libel; written slander; spoken

Question 42

what two types of consent are there?

Answer 42

implied consent; assumed for simple procedures informed consent; requires written consent for invasive procedure

Question 43

what do these two Latin terms mean? respondeat superior: res ipsa loquitur:

Answer 43

"the master speaks for the servant"; physician or institution is responsible "the thing speaks for itself"; only explanations for the injury is the medical staff/procedure