Rad Phys final exam

Question 0

Using an “extremity” cassette will have which effect?

Answer 0

it will increase patient exposure

Question 1

The sheet of lead in a cassette serves what purpose?

Answer 1

to help prevent back scatter (back scatter is scatter directed at the tube)

Question 2

If your cassette was incompletely closed what would the film problem look like?

Answer 2

it would have a black strip at the edge

Question 3

What exists on a film after you have exposed the patient but before processing it?

Answer 3

a latent image

Question 4

Too high of a kV will have which effect on the film?

Answer 4

quantum mottle

Question 5

Which combination of screen light and film color is preferred?

Answer 5

green light and purple film

Question 6

Which of the following is the reason why many recommended that you NOT use an extremity screen system in an office that performs mainly spine films?

Answer 6

the extremity film may get mixed with the spine cassettes and require retakes… don’t think the answer is extremity film increase radiation to the patient

Question 7

Which of the following is a problem when storing x-ray film flat instead of upright?

Answer 7

pressure marks

Question 8

about how often should you clean intensifying screens?

Answer 8

three months

Question 9

about how many 14”x17” films should be run through an automatic processor in a week before it is economically feasible?

Answer 9

20-25

Question 10

How would processed film appear if you decreased the recommended developing time and maintained the recommended temperature?

Answer 10

it would be too light

Question 11

What is the usual recommended optimal developing temperature for manual processing?

Answer 11

68 degrees

Question 12

sensitometry is a way to do which of the following?

Answer 12

to check consistency of processing

Question 13

In which phase of processing does the latent image become the manifest image?

Answer 13

developing

Question 14

densitometry and sensitometry are primarily used for which purpose?

Answer 14

to monitor processor function

Question 15

Contain effect from a lack of fluid being removed in automatic processing is caused by a malfunction of which of the following?

Answer 15

squeegee rollers

Question 16

A high intensity lamp is usually used for which of the following?

Answer 16

to better see over-exposed areas on a film

Question 17

Which of the following is the proper arrangement of the five subject densities seen on the radiograph from the most dense to the least dense?

Answer 17

heavy metal, metal, water, oil, air

Question 18

Why are the renal shadows often seen on an A-P lumbar film?

Answer 18

due to contrast between oil and water densities

Question 19

The thickness of lead that is needed for primary and secondary protective barriers for an x-ray facility are which of the following?

Answer 19

1/16 and 1/32 inches respectively

Question 20

In the event that a patient (let’s say an unruly child) needs to be held during an x-ray procedure, who should be selected for this task?

Answer 20

the 50 year-old grandmother if not pregnant

Question 21

Where should the exposure switch be located?

Answer 21

inside the booth

Question 22

If you wanted to see the sacroiliac joints and the L-5 disc space without distortion on an A-P view, which would be the best thing to do?

Answer 22

direct the central ray A-P with a cephalic tube tilt

Question 23

After graduation you open a practice in monkeys box, florida and in comes a 62-year old female names Enid Kelso, the wife of respected MD husband who has retired from Sacred Heart Hospital and retired to your community. you have decided to take thoracic films. The AP measurement is 29cm, so you are considering how to progress, Which of the following will be essential to use?

Answer 23

A grid

Question 24

You have opened your own office in Yee Haw Junction, Florida. Your first patient is Ignax Katz, a retired high school principle who tells you of hear health problems and mentions that she was told many years ago that she had scoliosis. you have decided to radiograph her spine and decide to take process the A-P view before taking the other films. Sure enough, she does have a 22-degree curvature with the convexity toward the right in her lumbar spine. with this information how will you proceed?

Answer 24

take a film with her right side against the grid

Question 25

What is quantum mottle?

Answer 25

a prominent graininess to the film

Question 26

Kink marks (crescent marks) occur from which of the following?

Answer 26

bending or crimping the film

Question 27

When is a latent image present?

Answer 27

after exposing the film but before processing it

Question 28

Generally, which of the following would make the phosphor layer of the screen faster?

Answer 28

thicker composition

Question 29

Which of the following types of films will create the radiographic image with the greatest detail?

Answer 29

single emulsion

Question 30

What color is recommended for your darkroom walls (according to Dale Grunwalk)?

Answer 30

red

Question 31

A 1200 screen speed system will usually demonstrate which appearance?

Answer 31

the film will be grainy

Question 32

What is the name for the usual test for film screen contact?

Answer 32

wire mesh test

Question 33

With gradient screens, which of the following is true?

Answer 33

the lumbar section has the fastest speed

Question 34

Silver is usually recovered from which fluid?

Answer 34

fixer

Question 35

Which of the following should be considered if you are manually processing 30 14x17" films per week?

Answer 35

get an automatic processor

Question 36

What is the usual recommended optimal developing temperature for manual processing?

Answer 36

68 degrees

Question 37

Which fluid requires the most replenishing in manual processing?

Answer 37

developer

Question 38

densitometry and sensitometry are primarily used for which purpose?

Answer 38

the monitor processor function

Question 39

In which step of manual processing does a "kissing" artifact occur?

Answer 39

devloping

Question 40

Of the choices below, how could you best see the L5-S1 disc space and sacrum on an AP film?

Answer 40

use a cephalic tilt

Question 41

``` Of the following structures, which is the most dense? lung liver perirenal fat fundus of the stomach ```

Answer 41

liver

Question 42

A contrast between the patient densities of air and water explains why we see which of the following?

Answer 42

the urinary bladder

Question 43

What does the formula "5 (N-18) rems" refer to?

Answer 43

occupational exposure M.P.D. for radiation

Question 44

Which of the following relates to a dosimeter?

Answer 44

a film badge

Question 45

What should you check when constructing an x-ray facility to make sure you are up to code with lead lining?

Answer 45

your local state requirements

Question 46

In inches a secondary barrier needs to have how much lead equivalency?

Answer 46

1/32

Question 47

which of the following would produce a sharper (clearer) image?

Answer 47

non-screen film

Question 48

In order to justify an automatic processor, 20-25 14x17" films should be run through in what time period?

Answer 48

per week

Question 49

If you r temperature is too high in the dryer part of your automatic processor, which of the following would be the most likely?

Answer 49

the films will probably have water spots

Question 50

With manual processing after a film is first put into a solution, what is the next recommended thing to do?

Answer 50

agitate it

Question 51

IF you have two films of a patient that demonstrate a kissing artifact, why do you suspect it could be necessary to retake the films?

Answer 51

because kissing artifacts can be mistaken for pathologies

Question 52

If your developer smells like ammonia, what does it usually mean?

Answer 52

it has fixer in it

Question 53

Where would you place the wire mesh for a wire mesh test?

Answer 53

On the cassette NOT IN

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria for holding a patient? only employees should hold patient never use pregnant female to hold patient the holder should wear protective apron and gloves the holder should be over 18 years old

Answer 54

only employees should hold patient

Question 55

What is the occupational annual dose limit for whole body exposure?

Answer 55

5 rem

Question 56

Let's say you have just installed an automatic processor in your dark room. since it is a big processor you actually want it to be out of your small darkroom. Which part of the processor must be in the darkroom?

Answer 56

the feed tray

Question 57

1/16 inch lead is equivalent to how many inches of concrete?

Answer 57

4

Question 58

Which combination of screen light and film color is preferred?

Answer 58

green light and purple film

Question 59

How will dirt on the intensifying screen appear on the exposed film?

Answer 59

White specks

Question 60

Which of the following would lead to the least exposure of a patient to ionizing radiation

Answer 60

a dual screen system

Question 61

Which of the following effects will too fast of a film-screen combination have on the radiograph?

Answer 61

It will demonstrate graininess

Question 62

Which speed is preferred in general spinal radiography with a rare earth system?

Answer 62

400

Question 63

Having a thicker phospho layer in your screens will have which effect?

Answer 63

make the screen faster

Question 64

Your x-ray service person has told you that he has just completed a "wire mesh" test. In order to say something intelligent you have to think back on what that test is for. what does it test?

Answer 64

if there is good contact between the screens and films

Question 65

Why should bad films that you have retaken not be destroyed?

Answer 65

they can be sold for silver

Question 66

About how many 14x17" films should be run through an automatic processor in a week before it is economically feasible?

Answer 66

20-25

Question 67

Sensitometry is a way to do which of the following?

Answer 67

to check the consistency of processing

Question 68

When using the four basic densities of x-ray interpretation, which of the following is the second least dense? air, metal, water, or oil

Answer 68

oil (air is the least dense)

Question 69

In inches, what is the lead equivalent thickness required for a ceiling of a single story building?

Answer 69

none

Question 70

unprocessed rare earth film is usually what color?

Answer 70

purple

Question 71

How should unexposed x-ray film be stored?

Answer 71

with the box on end

Question 72

Which of the following recommended intensifying screen for use in a chiropractic office?

Answer 72

rare earth

Question 73

Which of the following contain silver halide crystals?

Answer 73

film emulsion

Question 74

Determine which of the following problems could occur if your intensifying screen is warped?

Answer 74

a blurry area from bad contact

Question 75

Which part of an automatic processor is responsible for removing excess fluid as the film exits a tank?

Answer 75

squeegee rollers

Question 76

Small white specks on the processed film usually indicate which of the following?

Answer 76

dirty intensifying screen

Question 77

How would your processed film appear if your developer temperature was above normal and it was developed at the normal time?

Answer 77

it would be too dark

Question 78

What is usually considered the optimal developing time for manual processing?

Answer 78

5 minutes

Question 79

Film taken with a 1200 screen speed system will usually demonstrate which appearance?

Answer 79

the film will be grainy

Question 80

Which color safelight filter is needed for the most rare earth screens?

Answer 80

red

Question 81

How long is a doctor required to keep the records of radiation exposure on a worker in his/her office?

Answer 81

for the lifetime of the individual

Question 82

Of the following where would an oil density normally be found on an x-ray?

Answer 82

outlining some muscles and organs

Question 83

The contract of natural metal density and water explains why we often see which of the following?

Answer 83

an arteriosclerotic aorta

Question 84

If you saw the support back or hinges images on a film that you took in rad lab, what would you suspect the most common reason to be?

Answer 84

you put the cassette in backwards

Question 85

Which United States governmental agency mandates the removal of silver from a processing fluid before disposal?

Answer 85

EPA