Radiation

Question 1

Beta is stopped by

Answer 1

Few mm of aluminium

Question 2

An isotope has…

Answer 2

Same atomic number different mass number

Question 3

Ionisation

Answer 3

The gain or loss of an election from an atom

Question 4

Alpha is stopped by..

Answer 4

Sheet of paper

Question 5

Alpha description

Answer 5

Same structure as helium nucleus 2 protons 2 neutrons
-fastest

Question 6

Beta description

Answer 6

Fast moving electron

Question 7

Gamma description

Answer 7

High energy electromagnetic wave
-slowest
-most penetrating

Question 8

Gamma is stopped by

Answer 8

Few cm of lead

Question 9

Equivalent dose units

Answer 9

Sieverts (Sv)

Question 10

Absorbed dose units

Answer 10

Grays (Gy)

Question 11

Equivalent dose rate units

Answer 11

Sieverts per second (Sv-1)

Question 12

Activity units

Answer 12

Bequerels (Bq)

Question 13

Weighting factor indicates

Answer 13

The ability of a particular type of radiation to cause damage to living tissue

Question 14

Activity

Answer 14

How many atoms decay per second

Question 15

Half life

Answer 15

The time is takes the activity of a source to fall to half its original value

Question 16

Biological harm from exposure to radiation depends on

Answer 16

•absorbed dose
•kind of radiation

Question 17

Detectors of radiation x3

Answer 17

Geiger muller tube
Spark counter
Photographic film

Question 18

Safety with radiation x4

Answer 18

•wash hands
•reduces exposure
•protective clothing
•forceps or tools

Question 19

Background radiation x5

Answer 19

Cosmic rays
Radon gas
Radioactive rocks

Nuclear medicine
Nuclear power stations

Question 20

Cooling system job

Answer 20

Transfers heat to generate energy

Question 21

Containment vessel job

Answer 21

Lid to stop ionisation

Question 22

X3 advantages of nuclear fission

Answer 22

•no carbon emissions
•modern designs are safe
•much less fuel required

Question 23

X4 disadvantages of nuclear fusion

Answer 23

•requires a lot of energy
•expensive
•plasma must be contained by magnetic field
•atoms fuse forming plasma of high temp

Question 24

X2 disadvantages of nuclear fission

Answer 24

•expensive
•can produce radioactive waste

Question 25

Nuclear fission

Answer 25

One nucleus splits into more than one nuclei releasing energy

Question 26

Nuclear fusion

Answer 26

Multiple small nuclei fuse to form one bigger nucleus

Question 27

X3 Advantages of nuclear fusion

Answer 27

•no radioactive waste •carbon free energy •releases 4x more energy than fission