Radio ch 2

Question 1

ionization

Answer 1

formation of ion pairs

Question 2

particulate radiation

Answer 2

alpha and beta particles

Question 3

name the ionizing types of rays

Answer 3

x-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays

Question 4

name 4 properties of energies of the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 4

travel at the speed of light
have no electrical charge
have no mass or weight
pass through space as particles and in wavelike motion

Question 5

distance between two similar points on two successive waves

Answer 5

wavelength

Question 6

measure of number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time

Answer 6

frequency

Question 7

refers to speed of a wave

Answer 7

velocity

Question 8

6 properties of X rays

Answer 8

are invisible
travel in straight lines
travel at speed of light
have no mass or weight
have no charge
interact with matter causing ionization

Question 9

target metal in production of x rays

Answer 9

tungsten

Question 10

4 interactions to occur when a beam of x rays pass through matter are :

Answer 10

no interaction
coherent scattering
photoelectric effect
compton effect

Question 11

an all or nothing energy loss is what type of interaction

Answer 11

photoelectric effect

Question 12

this interaction causes x rays to be scattered in all directions

Answer 12

compton effect

Question 13

this interaction is when a low energy x ray passes near an atoms outer electron

Answer 13

coherent scattering

Question 14

ionizing radiation that is always present in our environment

Answer 14

background radiation

Question 15

background radiation includes what types:

Answer 15

cosmic radiation
terrestrial radiation
background radiation from radionuclides

Question 16

which state has an increased dose of backgound radiation due to increased cosmic radiation at higher altitude and terestrial radiation from soils

Answer 16

colorado

Question 17

to be radioactive we have to change _________, all we change is the _________

Answer 17

nucleus, electrons

Question 18

name the equivalent dose of measurement

Answer 18

Rem and seivert

Question 19

name the absorbed dose of measurement

Answer 19

gray and Rad

Question 20

the smallest part of an element

Answer 20

atom

Question 21

the smallest part of a substance

Answer 21

molecule

Question 22

the innermost level is referred to as the ?

Answer 22

K shell

Question 23

T or F the world consists of matter

Answer 23

true

Question 24

the emission and movement of energy through space

Answer 24

radiation

Question 25

Characteristic radiation occurs above ____ with a tungtsen target?

Answer 25

70 kVp

Question 26

Cosmic rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays are all measured in ______ units

Answer 26

angstrom

Question 27

radio waves and radiation are measured in ____

Answer 27

meters

Question 28

the movement of wavelike energy through space as a combination of electric and magnetic fields

Answer 28

electromagnetic radiation

Question 29

bundles of energy that travel through space at the speed of light

Answer 29

photons

Question 30

1 A is about 1/250,000,000 ___

Answer 30

inches

Question 31

1 A is also equal to 1/100,000,000 __

Answer 31

centimeters

Question 32

the longer the wavelength the ______ the frequency, and has ______ the penetrating power.

Answer 32

lower, less

Question 33

the shorter the wavelength the _______the frequency, and has ________ penetrating power

Answer 33

higher, more

Question 34

these structures are extremely dense and have high atomic weight and appear white or gray on an x ray

Answer 34

radiopaque

Question 35

these structures are less dense,have lower atomic weight and appear ________ or dark gray or black on a x ray

Answer 35

radiolucent

Question 36

is produced when high speed electrons are stopped or slowed down

Answer 36

general/bremsstrahlung

Question 37

a minimum of _________ volts of force is required to dislodge a K electron from an atom

Answer 37

69,000

Question 38

No interaction accounts for what percentage of x rays passing through tissue

Answer 38

9 %

Question 39

coherent scattering accounts for what percentage ?

Answer 39

8 %

Question 40

photoelectric effect accounts for what percentage

Answer 40

30%

Question 41

compton effect accounts for what percentage?

Answer 41

60%

Question 42

A ______ is a unit of electrical charge

Answer 42

coulomb

Question 43

dental and medical x rays make up approximately ____% of the total radiation

Answer 43

5

Question 44

nuclear medicine account for _____% of total radiation

Answer 44

48

Question 45

background radiation ingestion accounts for ____% of total radiation

Answer 45

50