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Rad Protection Test 1 > Radioactivity and Radiation PJ > Flashcards

Radioactivity and Radiation PJ Flashcards

1
Q

what is quantity?

A

what is being measured

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2
Q

what is unit?

A

what the quantity is being measured in

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3
Q

what is the transformation of unstable atomic nuclei into more stable nuclei?

A

radioactivity

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4
Q

where is radiation emitted from?

A

the nuclei during the transformation process.

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5
Q

Define activity in terms of “_____” under specified packaging conditions.

A

radium in equilibrium with its daughters

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6
Q

what is the curie based on?

A

the disintegration rate of 1 gram of radium

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7
Q

what is the decry rate for 1 gram of Ra in equilibrium with its daughters?

A

3.7 x 10 ^10 disintegrations per second (dps)

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8
Q

what is the SI unit for activity?

A

becquerel (Bq)

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9
Q

how many disintegrations per second is one becquerel?

A

one

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10
Q

1 Ci = ___ dps
1 mCi = ___ dps
1 μCi = ___ dps

A

1 curie = 3.7 x 10 ^10 dps
1 milliocurie = 3.7 x 10 ^7 dps
1 microcurie = 3.7 x 10 ^4 dps

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11
Q

1 Ci = ___ GBq
1 mCi = ___ MBq
1 μCi = ___ kBq

A

1 Ci = 37
1 mCi = 37 MBq
1 μCi = 37 kBq

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12
Q

what is the measure of the amount of radioactivity (or radioisotope) present?

A

activity

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13
Q

radiation ____ is how much radiation is present

A

intensity

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14
Q

how is radiation exposure measured? (unit)

A

coulombs / kg

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15
Q

exposure is only defined for ____ of up to ___ MeV energy

A

exposure is only defined for photons of up to 3 MeV energy

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16
Q

what is a measure of energy deposited by radiation in matter?

A

radiation absorbed dose (RAD)

17
Q

what is the exposure/absorbed air dose relationship?

A

1 R produces 87.7 erg/gram in air

18
Q

1 Gy = ___ rad

A

100 rad

19
Q

1 rad = ___ Gy

A

0.01 Gy

20
Q

what is energy “released” within a given volume of material?

A

KERMA

21
Q

what does KERMA stand for?

A

Kinetic Energy Released in Material

22
Q

is the value of the quantity “absorbed dose” is dependent or independent of the type of radiation depositing the energy?

A

independent

23
Q

what is obtained by multiplying the radiation absorbed dose (in rad or gray units) by a quality factor dependent on the type of radiation?

A

dose equivalent

24
Q

what is the quality factor derived from?

A

relative biological effectiveness (RBE)

25
Q

what is the quality factor for x ray, gamma, and beta?

A

1

26
Q

what is the quality factor for alpha?

A

20

27
Q

what is the quality factor for neutrons of unknown energy

A

10

28
Q

what is the formula for dose equivalent?

A

absorbed dose x quality factor

29
Q

what is the SI unit of dose equivalent? what is the unit of dose equivalent still used in US?

A

SI: sievert (Sv)
US: rem (rad equivalent man)

30
Q

1 Sv = ___ rem

A

100

Rad Protection Test 1 (2 decks)

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