radiograph

Question 1

what is matter

Answer 1

a collection of atoms and molecules

Question 2

mass

Answer 2

the measure of the matter in an object

Question 3

weight

Answer 3

mass under the influence of gravity

Question 4

energy

Answer 4

matter altering its form/ state eg. water boiling

Question 5

what is total energy measured in and what’s the calculation

Answer 5

joules

total energy = potential energy + kinetic energy

Question 6

what happens to energy in a radiograph

Answer 6

the xray tube converts energy from one form electrical to another xrays heat and light

Question 7

power

Answer 7

rate of transforming nergy messured in jouls per second or watts

Question 8

what is radiography meassured in

Answer 8

kilowatts

Question 9

Kvp meaning

Answer 9

potential difference bewtween the cathode and the anode in an xray tube meassured in kilovolts determins max energy the xray photons emmited - quality and intensity of beam

Question 10

Ma/mAs

Answer 10

in the production of xrays fast moving electrons stike the anode in the xray tube . to do this an electrcal currant is needed on cathode , its measusred un milliaperters mA

Question 11

Heat units

Answer 11

the production of xrays makes heat at anode kVp x mAs

Question 12

Absorbed dose

Answer 12

dose absorbed by patient is messured in gray

exposure and region being examined has an effect

Question 13

if primary bean isnt limmited

Answer 13

increased levels of scattered radiation , risk of radiographer getting exposed

Question 14

Collimation

Answer 14

term used for controlling the beam and risk of scatter and also to impove the visual quality of the resultant image

Question 15

whats the function of Grid

Answer 15

absorbs 2ndry scattered radiation that could effect final image
allows the primary beam to pass through unaffected to create image on film

Question 16

bad things about grid

Answer 16

the amount of exposure required increases - increased mAs

needs to be used in aptients more than 10cm thick

Question 17

radiographs are made onto

Answer 17

radiographic fil for later use or digital image

Question 18

intensifying screen

Answer 18

xrays into light
reduces patient dose
phosphor crystals in binder
3 speeds of the screen, faster is lower exposure

Question 19

cassettes

Answer 19

contain the film and intensifying screens , prevents light from reaching the film and has film screen contact
plastic or carbon fiber
low beam absorbtion
can be dammaged

Question 20

digital radiography

Answer 20

its replacing film
uses image receptor that produces an image without a reader
image receiver is placed in a reader to allow reading
images can b viewed rapidly and be manipulated
stored in digital format

Question 21

radiation protection

Answer 21

ionising radiation damages cells, immature and rapidly dividing cells are at high risk
ionising regulations 1999
radiation protection supervisor and dose limits not exceeded.

Question 22

local rules

Answer 22

animal isnt manually restrained 
no unneccisary personal in room 
protection used 
guidelines for pregnant members of staff 
min age 16 
warning signs and classified areas

Question 23

radiography principles

Answer 23

examinations should be important 
restrain used 
chemical restraint and positioning aids 
clearly labelled with anatomical markers 
clear consistent criteria

Question 24

labelling

Answer 24

nomenclature required for labelling radiographs

labelling helps interperating and stops complications

Question 25

what is a radiograph

Answer 25

image made up of shadows and opacities

Question 26

subject density

Answer 26

weight per given volume of a body tissue or object . bone more dense than muscle , muscle more than fat. denser objects look white as they stop radiation

Question 27

radiographic opacity

Answer 27

capacity of a structure to block xray.

Question 28

increased opacity in image

Answer 28

white shadow on radiograph

Question 29

decreased opacity

Answer 29

darker shadow , more radiation reached the film causing it to be darker

Question 30

what 5 things can be seen on radiograph

Answer 30

metal 
bone / mineral 
fluid / soft tissue 
gas 
fat

Question 31

standard views

Answer 31

2 views at right angles to one another . 3 dimensional image made