Radiographic Terminology / Chapter 2 Flashcards
(81 cards)
1
Q
Planes
A
a straight line surface connecting two points
2
Q
Sagittal Plane
A
vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts
3
Q
Midsagittal Plane
A
midline sagittal plane dividing the body into equal right and left parts
4
Q
Coronal / Frontal Plane
A
the vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior parts
5
Q
Midcoronal Plane
A
midline coronal plane dividing the body into equal front and back parts
6
Q
Horizontal (Transverse or Axial) Plane
A
plane that divides the body into top and bottom parts
7
Q
Section
A
a “cut” surface or “slice” of an organ
8
Q
Longitudinal Sections
A
sections running lengthwise
9
Q
Transverse or Axial Sections (Cross-Sections)
A
taking a slice of the body
10
Q
Infraorbitomeatal Line
A
line passing from the infraorbital margin through the superior boarder of the external auditory meatus to the midoccipital bone
11
Q
Anterior (Ventral)
A
the front of the body
12
Q
Posterior (Dorsal)
A
the back of the body
13
Q
Plantar
A
the soles or posterior surface of the foot
14
Q
Dorsum
A
the top or anterior surface of the foot
15
Q
Palmar (Volar)
A
the palm of the hand
16
Q
General Body Positions
A
terms used to indicate the patient’s general position
17
Q
Supine
A
- general body position
- lying on the back
18
Q
Prone
A
- general body position
- lying on the front / abdomen
- head may be turned to the side
19
Q
Erect
A
- general body position
- an upright position
- to stand or sit erect
20
Q
Recumbent (Reclining)
A
- general body position
- lying down in any position
21
Q
Ventral Recumbent
A
lying face down (prone)
22
Q
Dorsal Recumbent
A
lying on back (supine)
23
Q
Lateral Recumbent
A
- lying on side
- side view
- right or left lateral
24
Q
Trendelenburg Position
A
- general body position
- recumbent position where head is LOWER than feet
25
Fowler's Position
* general body position
* recumbent position where head is HIGHER than feet
26
Specific Body Positions
described by the body part closest to the film or by the surface on which the patient is lying
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Lateral Position
* specific body position
* refers to the side of or side view
28
Oblique Position
* specific body position
* slanted or angled position in which neither the sagittal or coronal body plane is at a right angle
29
Left Posterior Oblique (LPO) Position
oblique position where the left posterior aspect of the body is closest to the IR
30
Right Posterior Oblique (RPO) Position
oblique position where the right posterior aspect of the body is closest to the IR
31
Right Anterior Oblique (RAO) Position
oblique position where the right anterior aspect of the body is closest to the IR
32
Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) Position
oblique position where the left anterior aspect of the body is closest to the IR
33
Decubitus Positions
patient is lying down and the CR is also horizontal
34
Left Lateral Decubitus Position (AP Projection)
* patient lies on their left side and the x ray beam is horizontally going anterior to posterior
* posterior side is closest to IR
35
Right Lateral Decubitus Position (PA Projection)
* patient lies on their right side and the x ray beam is horizontally going posterior to anterior
* anterior side is closest to IR
36
Left Lateral Dorsal Decubitus Position
* patient lies on their back
* x ray beam is horizontal
* left side is closest to IR
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Right Lateral Ventral Decubitus Position
* patient lies on their belly
* CR is horizontal
* right side is closest to the IR
38
Projection
term that describes the path of the CR
39
Posteroanterior (PA) Projection
* CR enters posterior side and exits anterior side
* anterior side is closest to the IR
40
Anteroposterior (AP) Projection
* CR enters anterior side and exits posterior side
* posterior side is closest to the IR
41
AP Oblique Projection
AP projection that is obliqued
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PA Oblique Projection
PA projection that is obliqued
43
Lateral Projections
side to side projection of the CR described by the path of the CR
44
Axial Projection
tube or body / body part is angled
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Tangential Projection
* skims the surface
* used for curved bones mostly
46
Apical AP Projection / Lordotic Position
specific AP chest projection that shows the apices of the lungs
47
Transthoracic Projection
lateral or side to side projections through the thorax
48
Medial
toward the center or median plane
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Lateral
away from the center
50
Proximal
near the source or beginning
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Distal
away from the source
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Cephalad or Superior
toward the head
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Caudad or Inferior
toward the feet
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Ipsilateral
on the same side of the body or part
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Contralateral
on the opposite side of the body
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Interior (Internal)
inside of something
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Exterior (External)
situated on or near the outside
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Superficial
nearer to the skin surface
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Deep
further from the skin surface
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Flexion
* bending the joint
* angle is decreased
* example: head or wrist facing down
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Extension
* extending or straightening a joint
* angle is increased
* example: head or wrist facing up
62
Hyperextension
* extending a join beyond the straight or neutral position
* example: having patient look at ceiling
63
Ulnar Flexion of Wrist
* to decrease the angle between hand and the ulnar side of the forearm
* moving hand inward
64
Radial Flexion of the Wrist
* to decrease the angle between hand and the radial side of the forearm
* moving hand outward
65
Dorsiflexion of the Ankle
* to decrease the angle between the top of the foot and the lower leg
* moving foot and toes up
66
Plantar Flexion of the Ankle
* extending the ankle joint
* pointing toes down
67
Eversion
turning the foot out
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Inversion
turning the foot in
69
Medial Rotation (Internal Rotation)
turning body part inward
70
Lateral Rotation (External Rotation)
turning body part outward
71
Abduction
turning body part away from the center
72
Adduction
turning body part toward the center
73
Supination
turning palm up into the anatomical position
74
Pronation
turning palm down the opposite of the anatomical position
75
Protraction
movement forward from a normal position
76
Retraction
a movement backward
77
Elevation
a lifting, raising, or moving a part superiorly
78
Depression
letting down, lowering or moving a part inferiorly
79
Circumduction
to move around in a circle
80
Tilt
slanting or tilting movement
81
Rotation
to turn or rotating motion
