Radiography

Question 0

What is the purpose of aluminium filter

Answer 0

Remove long wavelength xray photons

Question 1

Intensity of Xray beam will decrease as the distance from the X-ray tube to the film is increased

Answer 1

Inverse square law

Question 2

Purpose of collimator

Answer 2

Narrow the beam to a specific diameter

Question 3

What is density

Answer 3

Degree of darkness or blackness on the film

Question 4

Error for dark films

Answer 4

Over developing or overly warm temperature

Question 5

X-ray and children

Answer 5

The exposure factors may be slightly reduced

Question 6

What is definition

Answer 6

Detail and clarity of the outline of structures.

Question 7

What is contrast

Answer 7

Difference between dark and light areas

Question 8

Incorrect horizontal angulation causes…

Answer 8

Overlapping image of teeth

Question 9

Labial mounting method.

Answer 9

Patients left is your right

Question 10

Image or picture produced by X-rays

Answer 10

Radiograph

Question 11

The making or radiographs by exposing and processing X-ray films

Answer 11

Radiography

Question 12

The study of x-radiation

Answer 12

Radiology

Question 13

The original term roentgen applied to the invisible ray he discovered

Answer 13

X-ray

Question 14

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Answer 14

Matter

Question 15

The ability to do work

Answer 15

Energy

Question 16

Generated by the radiography process

Answer 16

Energy exchange

Question 17

The formation of ion pairs

Answer 17

Ionisation

Question 18

A small particle able to penetrate matter

Answer 18

X-ray photon

Question 19

Process by which unstable atoms undergo decay in an effort to obtain nuclear stability

Answer 19

Radioactivity

Question 20

Amount of current passing though wires of the circuit

Answer 20

mA

Question 21

determines the available number of free electrons at cathode filaments

Answer 21

mA

Question 22

Determines amount of X-rays that will be produced

Answer 22

mA

Question 23

Measures the voltage across the X-ray tube

Answer 23

kVp

Question 24

Determine the speed it electrons travelling towards the target on the anode

Answer 24

kVp

Question 25

Determines penetrating ability of the X-rays produced

Answer 25

kVp

Question 26

Determines the duration of exposure

Answer 26

Timer

Question 27

Unit of measurement of the timer

Answer 27

Mili-seconds

Question 28

Incorrect horizontal angulation causes

Answer 28

Overlapping

Question 29

Incorrect ventricle angulation causes

Answer 29

Elongation

Question 30

Diagnostic quality radiograph

Answer 30

Obtaining the highest quality radiograph while maintaining the lowest possible radiation exposure risk for the patient

Question 31

Lead layer

Answer 31

Absorbs scatter radiation and reduces clarity of image

Question 32

Purpose of film processing

Answer 32

Produce diagnostic quality radiographs that can support oha

Question 33

Psp plate storage vs radiography film

Answer 33

Psp plate- stores info as a digital image | Radiography film- latent image that is transferred into a visible permanent image

Question 34

Radiolucency

Answer 34

Appears darker on film eg soft tissue and air space | Structures that permit the passage of X-rays with little or nonresistance

Question 35

Radiopacity

Answer 35

Appears light on the film eg dentine, enamel, bone | Dense structures that absorb if resist the passage of X-rays

Question 36

Error- film fog

Answer 36

White light leaking into dark room

Question 37

Error- light image

Answer 37

Underdevelopment of film. Under exposure

Question 38

3 principles of radiation

Answer 38

Justification- must be of benefit to the patient Optimisation- alara principles, keep exposure as low as reasonably achievable Limitation- maximise permissible dose

Question 39

Properties of X-rays

Answer 39

``` Travel at the speed of light Invisible No charge Travel in straight lines Interact with matter causing ionisation No mass or weight Penetrate opaque tissues & structures Absorb biological tissue Absorb radiographic film emulsion ```

Question 40

X-ray interaction with matter

Answer 40

Beam of X-ray passes through mater Energy transferred from X-ray to atoms of material through which it passes X-ray is weakened and gradually disappears Disappearance= absorption of X-rays Method of absorption= ionisation

Question 41

Possibilities of interaction of X-rays with matter

Answer 41

No interaction Coherent scattering Photoelectric effect Compton effect

Question 42

Deterministic effect (non-stochastic)

Answer 42

Severity of the change is dependent on the dose

Question 43

Stochastic effect

Answer 43

Based on the probability of occurrence rather than the severity of the change. Cancer all or nothing occurrence

Question 44

Alara

Answer 44

``` As Low As Reasonably Possible ```

Question 45

Qualities of an operator: communication

Answer 45

Explain what you are doing | Reassure about radiograph

Question 46

Qualities of an operator: your education

Answer 46

Continue your education | Understand how X-rays work

Question 47

Qualities of an operator: your judgment

Answer 47

Is it needed? | Which X-ray should you take

Question 48

Your understanding of contrast

Answer 48

The visual difference between shades from black to white on a radiograph. An image with good contrast will contain black white and enough grey shades to differentiate between structures and their conditions

Question 49

Your understanding of density

Answer 49

The overall darkening of a radiograph. X-rays that appear light is said to have less density. X-rays that appear dark is more dense