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Diagnostic Imaging > Radiography; Terms > Flashcards

Radiography; Terms Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Angiocardiography

A

Radiography of heart chambers & major vessels, water soluble iodine contrast - opacify

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2
Q

Anode

A

Tube head target

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3
Q

Arthrography

A

Contrast radiography of joint space - demo capsule distension/rupture/cartilage problems

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4
Q

Atom

A

Smallest possible particle of an element that retains all properties of the element.
Protons, neutrons, electrons

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5
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons possessed by an element

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6
Q

Bronchography

A

Contrast radiography of bronchial tree.

Diagnose; foreign bodies, tumours, lung lobe torsion

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7
Q

Cathode

A

Tube head filament. Negatively charged electrode where electron stream generated by thermionic emission

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8
Q

Clearing time

A

Time taken for removal of unexposed halide during fixing

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9
Q

Collimation

A

Limits of area of interest to be radiographed

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10
Q

Compression band

A

Tight support- reduce large areas; chest & abdomen

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11
Q

Contrast

A

Diff between shades on radiograph

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12
Q

Contrast media

A

Agent to opacify structure/organ - better visualisation

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13
Q

Contrast radiography

A

Radio graphic studies utilising contrast media - improved assessment of shape/size/structure

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14
Q

Controlled area

A

Area in room specific for radiography

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15
Q

Crossed grid

A

Stationary grid- lead strips, alternating with strips radiolucent material. Vertically & horizontally.
Efficient, expensive

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16
Q

Definition

A

Sharpness/clarity of structures of interest

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17
Q

Density

A

Degree of blackness

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18
Q

Developer

A

Alkaline solution (phenidone-hydroquinone); 1st stage processing radiograph

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19
Q

Dichroic fog

A

Yellow staining - insufficient rinsing/exhausted fixer

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20
Q

Double contrast radiography

A

Radiography of hollow organ using positive(water soluble iodine) & negative contrast agents(room air/O2)

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21
Q

Effective focal spot

A

Small area where x-ray beam appears to originate

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22
Q

Electron

A

Negatively charged particle revolving around nucleus of atom

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23
Q

Element

A

Simple chemical substance cannot be broken down by chemical means

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24
Q

Filament

A

Tungsten coil of tube head cathode (negatively charged electrode)

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25
Film focal distance
Distance between focal spot & radiographic film | 75-100cm
26
Film-screen combination
Selection of compatible film type & intensifying screen of certain speed & definition
27
Fixer
Acidic solution (thiosulphate) - removes unexposed silver halide crystals = permanent image
28
Flat film
Low contrast radiograph - grey - underdeveloped
29
Focal spot size
Size of area from primary beam emerges.
30
Focused grid
Stationary grid; vertical strips alternating lead and radiolucent material. Slopes on sides
31
Fogging
Undesirable darkening of radiograph
32
Gastrogram
Contrast radiograph of stomach
33
Grid
Prevent scatter. Placed between patient & cassette
34
Grid factor
Amount mAs must be ++ to compensate for absorption of primary beam when using grid
35
Grid ratio
Height of lead strips to width of radiolucent interspaces
36
Intensifying screen
In cassette, phosphorescent crystals - intensify effect of x-ray on radiographic film
37
Ionising radiation
Emanation of energy in form of electromagnetic x-ray waves
38
Kilovoltage (kV)
Potential diff between filament & target of X-ray tube head; penetrating power of primary beam
39
Light beam diaphragm
Controls size of x-ray beam
40
Line voltage compensator
Controls fluctuations in mains electricity
41
Milliamperage mA
Quantity of x-Ray's in emergent beam
42
Milliampere seconds mAs
Combo of x-ray quantity & exposure time
43
Monochromatic film
Film sensitive only to blue light emitting screens
44
Movement blur
Undesirable effect on exposed films - instability of equipment
45
Myelography
Radiographic exam of spinal cord - radio opaque contrast medium - cisternall/lumbar puncture into sub-arachoid space
46
Negative contrast agent
Radio-opaque medium; better visualisation
47
Neutron
Uncharged particles in nucleus of atom
48
Non-screen film
Film - not used with intensifying screens. | Intra-oral radiograph
49
Object film distance
Distance between area to be radiographed & the film. | Should be close as possible
50
Orthochromatic film
Film sensitive to both blue & green light emitting screens
51
Parallel grid
Stationary grid - alternating vertical strips of lead & radiolucent material
52
Penumbra effect
Undesirable effect; blurring of image due to large focal spot size
53
Photon
Energy packet released when rapidly moving electrons are slowed down/halted
54
Pneumocystogram
Contrast radiograph of bladder utilising gas as negative contrast agent - enable better visualisation
55
Portal venography
Contrast radiography of vasculature of liver. Contrast agent intro via hepatic portal vein
56
Positive contrast agent
Element - outline endothelial/mucosal surfaces = better visualisation. Whiter due to high atomic no.
57
Potter Bucky diaphragm
Moving grid, in radiograph table tops. | No grid lines, expensive.
58
Primary beam
Useful beam of polychromatic x-Ray photons - create image on radiographic film
59
Proton
Positively charged particle in nucleus of atom
60
Pseudo-focused grid
Stationary grid; vertical slats, shorter @ edge
61
RPA (Radiation Protection Adviser)
Experienced external adviser; draws up local rules & written systems of work
62
RPS (Radiation Protection Supervisor)
Senior vet; ensures all radiographs safe and in accordance with local rules and systems
63
Radiography
Production of diagnostic film records of internal body structures, by exposure of film sensitive to x-Ray's
64
Radiology
Science of radiation @ its use in diagnosis & treatment of disease
65
Reduction
Chemical process; image produced during development. | Silver bromide ions - crystals of metallic silver, bromide ions lost in solution
66
Actual focal spot
Area of tungsten target, stream of electrons produced at cathode impinge at high speed
67
Retrograde urethrogram
Contrast radiography; male urethra, water soluble iodine + contrast medium- improved visualisation. Haematuria, dysuria, urinary incontinence
68
Retrograde vaginourethrogram
Contrast radiograph; female urethra, water soluble iodine + contrast medium. Intro via Foley catheter
69
Scattered radiation
Secondary radiation; produced by lower energy x-ray photons, emerge from patient
70
Soot & Whitewash
Exposed film; v high contrast & few shades grey. | Cause low kilovoltage
71
Stop bath
Intermediate wash bath in manual development; water, may be weak acid - halt development
72
Tanning
Hardening of developed radiograph during fixing
73
Target
Positively charged electrode of X-ray tube upon which electrons generated at the filament impinge
74
Thermionic emission
Electron cloud released; following heating of filament, passing electrical current through it
75
X-ray tube head
X-Ray's generated here. | Contains filament & target

Diagnostic Imaging (1 decks)

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