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Radiology physics computers and digitL > Radioigic Physics computerized radiography > Flashcards

Radioigic Physics computerized radiography Flashcards

0
Q

contrast on a radiographic image is highest when the amount of______is
the lowest

A

Compton scatter

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1
Q

____is the degree of difference in optical density between areas of an image

A

Contrast

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2
Q

Which of the following is used in computerized radiography?

A

Photostimulable phosphor plate

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3
Q

Computed radiography’s Photostimulable plates are considered 200 speed systems. What adjustment is recommended when changing from a 400 speed film-screen system?

A

Increase the kyp by 15%

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4
Q

What might cause small white specks on a digital image?

A

Dirty imaging plate

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5
Q

When referring to digital imaging, what does the term digital mean?

A

Using numbers to generate images

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6
Q

A typical digital radiograph contains…………megabytes of information

A

7.5

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7
Q

Which of the following are advantages of digital imaging systems over film screen systems.

1) Increased dynamic range
2) higher spatial resolution
3) More contrast resolution

A

1 and 3 only

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8
Q

The quality of a digital image depends on which of the following?

1) Spatial resolution
2) Brightness
3) Contrast

A

1,2, and 3.

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9
Q

What does it mean to direct capture a digital image?

A

The x-ray image is captured directly by a detector array

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10
Q

Which of the following terms is used to describe long-term storage of digital images and documents

A

Archive

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11
Q

What is the binary code?

A

Language of computer

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12
Q

A bit is a single unit of

A

Data, or a single binary digit

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13
Q

1 byte =

A

8 bits and represents one character or digit.

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14
Q

What does CPU stand for?

A

Central processing unit

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15
Q

A graphic distribution of the frequency and value of the numbers obtained while a digital image recptor is being read is called a

A

histogram

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16
Q

What does RAM stand for?

A

Random access memory( used for short term storage) temporary

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17
Q

What are the types of monitors?

A

Cathode ray tube, LCD, plasma, and LED

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18
Q

What does CRT stand for ?

A

Cathode ray tube

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19
Q

The base of the phosphor layer contains

A

Barium Fluoro Halide coated with europium / the activator is europium

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20
Q

What does ROM stand for?

A

Read only memory

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21
Q

With all other factors constant, as a digital image’s matrix size increases:

A
  1. pixel size decreases

2. resolution increases

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22
Q

Which of the following image matrix sizes will provide the best spatial resolution?

A

2048 x 2048 (the bigger the better LOL)

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23
Q

What transforms the violet light emiited by the PSP into the image seen on the CRT?

A

The ADC

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24
What portion of the CR cassette records the radiologic image?
The photostimulable phospor
25
Which of the following temporarily stores data in the computer?
Random access memory RAM
26
What does the acronym R.A.I.D stand for?
Redundant array of independent disks
27
Which of the following is not an I/O device employed in digital imaging?
CPU
28
Which of the following does not fit with the others? Application software Compiler software Operating system software Assembler software
Application software
29
What does it mean to direct capture a digital image?
All the digital data is sent directly from the modality to PACS
30
Which of the following modalities is not directly captured by PACS?
Digital Fluoroscopy
31
Which of the following types of film digitizers uses a photomultiplier tube to detect the transmitted light ?
Laser- based
32
What is a binary number system?
Language of 0's and 1's
33
What is the difference between a bit and a byte ?
A bit is a single unit of data while a byte is made up if 8 bits, which can store one character.
34
What is tele radiology
Transfer of images and patient reports to remote sites
35
What is an imaging plate?
PSP film screen cassette, images formed by interaction of X-rays , stores latent image
36
What chemical is used as the PSP on an imaging plate?
Barium Fluoro halide coated with europium
37
What is prompt emission?
Approx. 50% of electrons return to their ground state immediately, & when they return light is emitted
38
What are 2 causes of Moire artifact
Frequency Harmonics and laser lines being parallel to grid lines
39
Insufficient......results in unattentuated radiation striking the imaging plate
collimaton
40
An over exposed image is caused by
Decreased contrast
41
Electronic memory artifact is caused by
Rapid exposures
42
CCD is a silicon based
Semiconductor
43
The basic photometric unit is
Lumen
44
A .......wavelength of laser gives better resolution
Longer
45
A .......diameter laser produce images with better spatial resolution
Small beam
46
.......and .......are the process of analog to digital conversion
Sampling and quantization
47
A 12 bit CR image has .....gray levels
4096
48
The ability of the CCD to respond to a wide range of light intensity, from very dim to very bright
Dynamic range
49
Spatial resolution in DR is .....limited
Pixel
50
Pixel size determines
Spatial resolution
51
What is TFT? What is it's function?
Thin film transistor, to store electric signal
52
A typical radiograph contains ....... Megabytes of information
7.5
53
What does it mean to direct capture a digital image?
The xray image is captured directly by a detector Array
54
Which of the following layers of a CR imaging plate absorbs light and reduces static?
Conductive layer
55
The protective layer protects
Phosphor
56
When referring to digital imaging what does the term digital mean?
Using numbers to compute images
57
Computers operate using a binary machine language. This language uses binary digits to compute data. A binary digit is referred to as what?
Bit
58
How small of an object that can be recorded, it's accuracy and clarity defines which of the following ?
Spatial resolution
59
When using computed radiography, how can the radiographer know what radiation dose was received by the photostimulable phosphor plate?
Exposure indicator number
60
Which of the following is a measure of how efficiently x rays are captured by a flat-panel detector and converted to digital data?
Detective quantum efficiency (DQE)
61
A hospitals plan to periodically backup archived files is known as what?
Disaster recovery plan
62
Which of the following systems captures the xray image convers it to light, and then releases electrons to be stored as a latent image ?
Indirect digital imaging
63
Spatial resolution in digital imaging is determined by which of the following ?
Matrix size and size of the field view
64
The CPU contains which of the following?
A Control unit
65
Which of the following materials is used in a flat panel detector to convert x-ray photons into an electrical charge?
Amorphous selenium
66
Which of the following determines the gray scale in a digital image?
Look-up table
67
How long can the latent image remain "stored" in the phosphor layer of a photostimulable phosphor plate?
24 hours
68
Luminance refers to the brightness of the light emitted from an image display monitor. What are the SI units for luminance?
Candela per square meter
69
Window width controls
Contrast
70
Window level controls
Brightness, density
71
A magnifying glass can be used to evaluate which of the following monitor qualities?
Spatial resolution
72
Detector fog is also referred to as:
Dark noise

Radiology physics computers and digitL (1 decks)

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