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Radiology > Radiology Exam 2 > Flashcards

Radiology Exam 2 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Desired image for a periapical radiograph:

A

the full length of the root w/ 2mm periapical bone

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2
Q

Topographical maxillary occlusal projection angle:

A

65

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3
Q

Topographical maxillary occlusal projection for:

A
  1. Palate

2. Anterior teeth

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4
Q

Lateral maxillary occlusal projection angle:

A

60

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5
Q

Lateral maxillary occlusal projection for:

A
  1. Palatal roots of molar teeth

2. Foreign objects

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6
Q

Anterior mandibular occlusal projection angle:

A

-55

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7
Q

Anterior mandibular occlusal projection for:

A

Mandibular anterior teeth

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8
Q

Topographical mandibular occlusal projection angle:

A

90

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9
Q

Topographical mandibular occlusal projection for:

A
  1. buccal and lingual aspects of the mandible
  2. salivary stones
    foreign bodies
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10
Q

Trabecular pattern of maxillary anterior:

A

fine trabecular plates with small trabecular spaces

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11
Q

Trabecular pattern of mandibular anterior:

A

coarse trabecular plates with large marrow spaces

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12
Q

Trabecular patter of mandibular posterior:

A

sparse trabeculation with large marrow spaces

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13
Q

4 anatomical features surrounding bone in radiographs:

A
  1. Alveolar crest
  2. Apex
  3. Lamina dura
  4. PDL space
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14
Q

Define oral antral fistula:

A

communication between oral cavity and maxillary sinus

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15
Q

Growth of an air space:

A

pneumatization

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16
Q

Example of pneumatization:

A

floor of maxillary sinus creeps toward alveolar ridge with age

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17
Q

Radiolucent area above lateral incisor:

A

lateral fossa

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18
Q

How can you distinguish between floor of the maxillary sinus and floor of nasal cavity in radiograph?

A

maxillary sinus floor is more curved

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19
Q

Canal medial to maxillary 2nd molars:

A

nasolacrimal canal

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20
Q

In what kind of patient would you see nutrient canals?

A

An unhealthy patient with poor oral hygiene

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21
Q

Projection of bone lingual to mandibular anteriors:

A

genial tubercle

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22
Q

Foramen near genial tubercle:

A

lingual foramen

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23
Q

Foramen inferior and buccal to mandibular 2nd premolar

A

mental foramen

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24
Q

Radiopaque area inferior to mandibular canal:

A

inferior cortex of the mandible

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25
Synonym for internal oblique ridge of the mandible:
mylohyoid line
26
Where is the external oblique ridge?
lateral boundary of the retromolar fossa
27
A radiolucent region with ill-defined boarders and sparse trabeculation on the lingual side of the mandible below molars:
submandibular gland fossa
28
Elongation and foreshortening are examples of:
bisecting angle technique
29
central beam in lateral cephalometric projection:
beam is perpendicular to the midsagittal plane of the patient and the central beam is perpendicular to the film
30
What allows for visualization of soft tissue of the face?
a wedge filter during a cephalometric radiograph
31
patient placement in lateral cephalometric projection:
film parallel to midsagittal place
32
patient placement in SMV projection:
canthomeatal line parallel to film, film is place behind head
33
central beam in lateral cephalometric SMV projection, waters, PA ceph, and reverse town:
central beam is perpendicular to film
34
patient placement in Waters projection:
canthomeatal line 37 with film
35
patient placement in PA ceph projection:
canthomeatal line 10 with film
36
patient placement in Reverse Towne projection:
canthomeatal line -30 with film
37
If the patient's head is rotated the right, which side of the image will be minimized and why?
The right side; it became buccal to the focal trough.
38
If the patient's head is rotated to the right, which side of the image will be maximized and why?
The left side; it became lingual to the focal trough
39
Radiation dose of a pano vs. CMS:
9-24 vs. 17-388
40
Advantages of using a pano:
1. Less radiation 2. Can be used on patient with truisms 3. Can be used on patient who can't tolerate intraoral radiation
41
When should a pano not be used?
To diagnose (small) carious lesions
42
If an object is closer to the source, where is it projected in relation to an object that is not as close to the source?
Higher
43
Is vertical dimension an accurate representation of true anatomic relationships?
No, because objects closer to the film are projected higher.
44
How are real images formed?
The object is between the center of rotation and the receptor
45
How are double images formed?
The object is posterior to the center of rotation so it is intercepted twice by the x-ray beam.
46
What are examples of double images?
1. Cervical spine 2. Hyoid 3. Epiglottis
47
How are ghost images formed?
The object is between the center of rotation and x-ray source.
48
What are examples of ghost images?
1. Cervical spine 2. Hyoid 3. Ramus
49
How do ghost images appear?
The appear on the opposite side of the true anatomic location at a higher level and magnified.
50
Two problems that can occur during anteroposterior positioning:
1. Magnify | 2. Compress
51
How do you prevent anterorposterior positioning errors?
1. Place incisal edge into a notched bite block 2. Place laser guideline at or near Maxillary canines 3. Straighten back and spine with extended neck
52
Two problems that can occur during vertical positioning:
1. Exaggerated smile | 2. Reverse smile
53
During vertical positioning, what is parallel with the floor?
Canthomeatal line
54
During vertical positioning, what is 20-30 degrees below the horizontal plane?
Occlusal plane
55
When would you have divergent mandibular rami and a reverse or flat smile?
When the patient's head and chin are tilted upward.
56
When would you have a convergent mandibular rami and an exaggerated smile?
When the patient's head and chin are tilted downward.
57
How do you eliminated the air space on the roof of the mouth in a pano?
Have patient place their tongue on the roof of their mouth.
58
Child radiographs (primary dentition):
Primary dentition: New patient: posterior bitewing if you can't probe inter proximal High risk for clinical caries: posterior batwings every 6 months until no caries No clinical caries: posterior bitewing 12-24 months if you can't see or probe proximal surfaces Periodontal disease: individualized PA's +/- bitewings for areas with periodontal disease Growth and development assessment: N/a
59
Child radiographs (transitional dentition):
Transitional dentition: New patient: individualized posterior BW w/ PA or occlusal or pano High risk for clinical caries: posterior bitewings every 6 months until no caries No clinical caries: posterior bitewing 12-24 months Periodontal disease: individualized PA's +/- bitewings for areas with periodontal disease Growth and development assessment: Individualized PA or pano
60
Adolescent:
New patient: individualized- posterior BWs + PAs; CMS if patient has dental disease or ext. dental treatment High risk of clinical caries: posterior bitewings 6-12 months until no caries presents No clinical caries: posterior batwings every 12-24 months Periodontal disease: individualized with select PA/s +/- BW in areas of periodontal disease Growth and development assessment: PA/Pano for 3rd molar
61
Adult:
New patient:individualized- posterior BWs + PAs; CMS if patient has dental disease or ext. dental treatment High risk of clinical caries: posterior bitewings 12-18 months No clinical caries: posterior bitewings 24-36 month intervals Periodontal disease: individualized with select PA/s +/- BW in areas of periodontal disease Growth and development: NA
62
Edentulous adult:
New patient: CMS or Pano

Radiology (2 decks)

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