Radiology part1

Question 1

Radiation

Answer 1

transmission of energy through space or matter

Question 2

radiograph

Answer 2

record of ionizing radiation after it passes through the patient

Question 3

radiography

Answer 3

the process where film is exposed by ionizing radiation to visualize internal structures

Question 4

radiopaque

Answer 4

the area on a radiograph that appears white or light gray

Question 5

radiolucent

Answer 5

area in a radiograph that appears black or dark gray

Question 6

roentgen

Answer 6

measures the quantity of ionizing radiation

Question 7

RAD

Answer 7

unit of absorption dose for any ionizing radiation

Question 8

REM

Answer 8

Roentgen Equivalent Man or Rad Equivalent Man - is a unit of dose equivalent

Question 9

ALARA

Answer 9

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Question 10

anode

Answer 10

Positive electrode or pole to which negative ions are attracted

Question 11

cathode

Answer 11

a negative electrode from which electrons are emitted and to which positive ions are attracted

Question 12

dosimeter badge

Answer 12

a radiographic film worn as a badge and used for detection and approximate measurement of radiographic exposure of personnel

Question 13

scatter

Answer 13

the deviation or diffusion of X-rays produced by the medium through which the rays pass

Question 14

focal spot

Answer 14

the area on the target of the x-ray tube which the electron stream strikes and from which x-rays are emitted. The larger the area of the focal spot, the poorer is the detail in the X-ray image

Question 15

Collimator

Answer 15

controls the size of the x-ray beam

Question 16

two collimator types

Answer 16

• adjustable lead shutters
• lead cones

Question 17

what living cells are susceptible to ionizing radiation damage?

Answer 17

• hematopioetic and lymphatic tissue
• intestinal epithelium
• gonads
• thyroid
• bone
• skin
• developing embryos

Question 18

MPD

Answer 18

maximum permissible dose

Question 19

REMs are adjusted for

Answer 19

biological effects of different radiation strengths

Question 20

Where is a dosimeter worn?

Answer 20

collar level outside the lead apron

Question 21

Primary beam

Answer 21

x-rays intended to penetrate the patient and produce an image

Question 22

On which side should you place the thickest part of the animal?

Answer 22

The thickest part of the patient can go under the catho due to the ano heel affect

Question 23

3 reasons to collimate the x-ray beam

Answer 23

1. Reduce exposure to the patient
2. Reduce exposure to the technician
3. Improve image quality by reducing scatter radiation

Question 24

What is a two-stage switch? What happens during each stage?

Answer 24

The first half activates the filament and the rotating one.

The second takes exposure.

Question 25

where is dosimetry badge worn?

Answer 25

outside apron/Thyroid

Question 26

When is it acceptable for part of the technicians' body to be in the primary beam?

Answer 26

NEVER

Question 27

KVP

Answer 27

Penetrating power effects QUALITY

Question 28

MA

Answer 28

Quantity of x-rays

Question 29

what is a Potter- Bucky

Answer 29

mechanical oscillating grid

Question 30

What device would be more helpful to maintain a patient in proper ventrodorsally position

Answer 30

A vitrough

Question 31

where is the filtration located?

Answer 31

between the window of the x-ray tube and the collimator

Question 32

decreased kVp will ____ the contras

Answer 32

increased

Question 33

What is the purpose of the anode in an X-ray tube?

Answer 33

It is the target for electrons; produces X-rays when struck.

Question 34

whats the minimum thickness for lead lined apparel in vet med?

Answer 34

0.5 mm

Question 35

Lead lined appearel that should be worn

Answer 35

- apron - gloves - thyroid shield - lead glasses

Question 36

What is the function of the collimator?

Answer 36

Narrows the X-ray beam to reduce exposure and scatter.

Question 37

What is the heel effect?

Answer 37

The X-ray beam is stronger on the cathode side; place thicker body parts here.

Question 38

What view is taken with the patient lying on their sternum?

Answer 38

DV (dorsoventral).

Question 39

What view is taken with the patient lying on their back?

Answer 39

VD (ventrodorsal).

Question 40

What positioning term means angled view?

Answer 40

Oblique.

Question 41

What is radiographic density?

Answer 41

The degree of darkness on the radiograph.

Question 42

What is the formula for mAs?

Answer 42

mA × time (seconds).

Question 43

What is the inverse square law?

Answer 43

Doubling the distance from the X-ray source reduces intensity to 1/4.

Question 44

What should you do if the film is too light (underexposed)?

Answer 44

Increase mAs.

Question 45

What tool is used to measure the thickest part of the body before radiography?

Answer 45

A caliper.

Question 46

Least dense to most dense tissue

Answer 46

gas ▸ fat ▸ water ▸ bone

Question 47

factors that increase scatter radiation

Answer 47

- large patient - poor collimation - high kVp

Question 48

Which of the following absorbs the most x-rays?

Answer 48

metal

Question 49

A radiograph in front of you appears dark. You note that the bones are gray. You are best to do what for the next radiograph?

Answer 49

Decrease kVp