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SMP - Cardiopulmonary Lab Practical > Radiology Small Groups > Flashcards

Radiology Small Groups Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What are the 5 A-tions? Which one is not a true one? Explain each.

A
  1. Identification: name of patient and date
  2. Projection*: AP, PA, right or left
  3. Penetration: should be able to see vertebral bodies behind the heart and other soft tissues
  4. Rotation: midline structures lined up, normal distances between ribs, area closer to beam will be more pronounced, if the spinous processes appear equidistant to medial end of each clavicle then there is no rotation
  5. Inspiration: diaphragm should intersect the 5th to 7th anterior ribs at midclavicular line and the diaphragm contour should be visible and should be able to see at least 9 posterior ribs
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2
Q

List densities from least to most on a radiograph.

A
  1. Air (black)
  2. Fat
  3. Soft tissue/water
  4. Bone/calcium
  5. Metal/contrast (white)
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3
Q

Orientation of posterior ribs?

A

Horizontally

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4
Q

What 2 soft tissues can make it hard to read a chest radiograph?

A
  1. Boobs
  2. Skin folds (obese)
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5
Q

What helps determine if you are looking at PA or AP to determine which side is which?

A

Where the gas bubble is = LEFT SIDE

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6
Q
A
  • Arrowhead: right minor lung fissure
  • Arrows: left major lung fissure

Pneumonia in superior right lung lobe

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7
Q

When are the lung fissures highlighted?

A

When there is pathology

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8
Q

Other name for oblique fissures?

A

Major fissures

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9
Q

Other name for right lung horizontal fissure?

A

Minor fissure

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10
Q
A

Arrow: minor fissure

RUL pneumonia

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11
Q

How do you really know what part of the lung has disease?

A

The different lobes all come in contact with different structures within the thorax. When there is disease (i.e., pneumonia) within a certain lobe, it will touch (SILHOUETTE) a specific thoracic structure

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12
Q
A

RUL

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13
Q
A

RUL

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14
Q
A

Densities in RUL

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15
Q
A

Pathology in RML silhouettes the right heart border

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16
Q
A

Pathology in RML silhouettes the right heart border

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17
Q
A

Pathology in the RLL silhouettes the right diaphragm

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18
Q
A

Pathology in the RLL obscures spine

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19
Q
A

Pathology in LUL silhouettes the left lung apex and left upper mediastinum (left cardiac border), sparing the left diaphragm

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20
Q
A

Pathology in LUL silhouettes the left lung apex and left upper mediastinum, sparing the left diaphragm

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21
Q
A

Pathology in LLL silhouettes the left diaphragm and there is a preserved left cardiac border

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22
Q
A

Pathology in LLL silhouettes the left diaphragm and there is a preserved left cardiac border

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23
Q

Identify structures in the mediastinum.

A
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24
Q
A
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25
Normal size of heart?
No wider than 1 hemithorax
26
What is the only heart chamber that does not form a border on a frontal CXR?
RV
27
28
What are the 5 Ts of the anterior mediastinum?
Only 5 structures can be found in the anterior mediastinum: 1. T: thymus 2. T: thyroid tumor 3. T: thoracic aorta (due to dilated thoracic aorta) 4. T: terrible lymphoma 5. T: teratoma and germ cell tumours
29
How to recognize anterior mediastinum on a lateral CXR?
Anterior of trachea to chest wall
30
How to recognize middle mediastinum on a lateral CXR?
Vertebrae to trachea
31
How to recognize posterior mediastinum on a lateral CXR?
Posterior to vertebrae
32
Arrow to descending thoracic aorta is too high
33
Pulmonary angiogram
34
What is this?
Aortogram
35
36
Can you distinguish a pulmonary artery from a main bronchus on a CXR?
NOPE
37
What is this?
Bronchogram (no longer used)
38
39
40
Numbers?
41
Numbers?
42
Lateral chest CXR: position of right pulmonary artery in relation to right upper lobe bronchus?
Anterior
43
Lateral chest CXR: position of left pulmonary artery in relation to right upper lobe bronchus?
OVER
44
Pathology?
Lymphadenopathy of paratracheal nodes in right chest
45
Pathology? Potential cause?
Lymphadenopathy of hilar nodes in both lungs Could be sarcoidosis if in a young female patient
46
Pathology?
Cardiomegaly
47
Pathology?
Pleural effusion with white meniscus
48
Pathology?
Pleural effusion
49
Pathology?
Pneumothorax
50
Pathology?
Tension pneumothorax
51
Pathology?
Right pneumonectomy
52
Plane?
Sagittal
53
Plane?
Coronal
54
55
56
57
Window?
Lung window
58
Pathology? Window?
Right pneumothorax Lung window
59
Pathology? Window?
Left pneumo-thorax, subcutaneous emphysema (CT, lung windows)
60
Pathology?
Pleural and pericardial effusions
61
Pathology?
Right aortic arch
62
Pathology?
Right aortic arch
63
Pathology?
Right lung cancer
64
CT scan: what is the very small vessel that is directly anterior to vertebrae when the pulmonary trunk is visible?
Azygos vein
65
CT scan: what is the vessel that is directly posterior/lateral to the ascending when the pulmonary trunk is visible?
SVC
66
CT scan: what is passing directly posterior to the esophagus at the level where the esophagus is touching the LA?
Descending aorta
67
What does it look like on a CT if a patient is in the process of burping?
Esophagus is expanded and there is a black air bubble in it
68
CT scan: if you see the pulmonary trunk, can you see the trachea?
NOPE (usually), it has already divided
69
What is D?
Descending aorta
70
What color does the spine appear on a CXR?
Grey
71
What color does cerebrospinal fluid appear on a CXR? Where is it located?
Black Posterior to spine
72
What is a lipoma? What does it look like on a mammogram?
Benign mass arising from adipose tissue Superficial, encapsulated, same density as breast
73
What does intraductal carcinoma look like on a mammogram?
Calcification in ducts
74
What does a cyst look like on a mammogram?
White circular mass
75
What is the posterior wall of bronchus intermedius?
Stripe formed by the interface of the posterior wall of bronchus intermedius and the air within the azygo-oesophageal recess

SMP - Cardiopulmonary Lab Practical (11 decks)

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