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Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry > Radiopharmaceuticals and Contrast Media > Flashcards

Radiopharmaceuticals and Contrast Media Flashcards

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1
Q

_________ of an element have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

A

Isotopes

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2
Q

number of proton in the nucleus is equal to the __________ of atom

A

atomic number

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3
Q

The only variation in isotopes

A

kinetic or rates of chemical reactions.

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4
Q

FORMULA

Protons

A

Protons = Electrons = Atomic number

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5
Q

FORMULA

Neutrons

A

Neutrons = Mass number – Atomic number

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6
Q

FORMULA

Mass no.

A

Protons + Neutrons

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7
Q

FORMULA

Electrons

A

Protons - Charge

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8
Q

Maintain their elemental integrity and do not decompose to other isotopic or elemental forms

TYPE OF ISOTOPE

A

Stable isotopes

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9
Q

Decompose or decay by emission of nuclear particles into other isotopes of the same or different elements

TYPE OF ISOTOPE

A

Unstable or radioactive isotopes

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10
Q

Commonly analysed stable isotopes include?

A

oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and sulfur.

O, C, N, H, S or CHONS

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11
Q
  • The heaviest and slowest of all radioactive emissions
  • Useless for biological applications
A

Alpha particles

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12
Q
  • An electron of nuclear origin
  • Lighter than alpha particles and have more penetrating power than alpha particles
A

Beta particles

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13
Q

2 Types of Beta Particles

A

Negatrons, Positrons

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14
Q
  • An elementary particle with negative charge.
  • Synonyms: electron.
  • Useful biological applications
A

Negatrons

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15
Q
  • Subatomic particle with the same mass as an electron and a numerically equal but positive charge
A

Positrons

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16
Q
  • Little importance in biological applications
  • They are very short lived.
A

Positrons

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17
Q

in physics,it is a reactionin which a particle (electron) and its antiparticle (positron) collide and disappear, releasing energy

A

Annihilation

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18
Q

made up your radio waves such as infrared and ultraviolet rays

A

photons

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19
Q

best described as a photon of electromagnetic radiation.

A

GAMMA RADIATION

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20
Q
  • The rays are of short wavelength similar to x- rays, and travel at the speed of light.
  • They have no mass and no charge but they are of very high energy, giving them excellent penetrating power.
A

GAMMA RADIATION

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21
Q

defined in which the amount of radio nuclides decays to half of its initial value.

A

Half-life

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22
Q

Half life of POLONIUM-212

A

Half-life 3-10 seconds

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23
Q

Half life of IODINE-131

24
Q

Half life of URANIUM-238

25
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION
* Curie (C) * Millicurie (mc) * Microcurie (c) * Roentgen (R) * Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) * Radiation Absorbed Dose (RAD) * Roentgen Equivalent Man (REM) * Exposure Rate Constant * Pharmaceuticals dosage forms may be described in terms of RAD units.
26
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION depends upon a number of factors related to the ability of the radiation to ________, the ________ of the radiation, the particular________ and ____ exposed, and the ____ of the radiation.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION depends upon a number of factors related to the ability of the radiation to penetrate tissue, the energy of the radiation, the particular tissue and surface area exposed, and the dose rate of the radiation.
27
There are a number of preparations containing radioisotopes which are used internally for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. These preparations are referred to, collectively, as?
radiopharmaceuticals
28
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
CYANOCOBALAMIN 57
29
BLOOD VOLUME DETERMINATION
I-125 SERUM ALBUMIN INJECTION
30
BV AND CARDIAC OUTPUT DETERMINATION
I-131 SERUM ALBUMIN
31
RENAL FUNCTION
IODOHIPPURATE I-131 INJECTION
32
THYROID FUNCTION
SODIUM IODIDED I-131
33
BRAIN AND THYROID SCANNING
SODIUM PERTECHNITATE Tc99m
34
BRAIN AND KIDNEY SCANNING
CHLORMERODIN Hg-197
35
TX. OF OCULAR TUMOR AND ANTIPOLYCYTHEMIA
SODIUM PHOSPHATE P-43
36
Lung scanning
Tc-99m Albumin Aggregated Injection
37
Imaging areas of functioning reticulonucleoendothelial cells
Tc-99m Sulfur Colloid Injection
38
Cardiac pool pumping
Tc-99m Labeled RBC
39
Bone imaging
Tc-99m Methylene diphosphate
40
Cardiac infarct imaging
Tc-99m Pyrophosphate
41
Imaging of myocardial perfusion, breast tumor
Tc-99m Sestamibi
42
Gastric emptying imaging
Tc-99m Sulfur colloid cooked in scrambled eggs
43
Deep vein thrombosis
99mTc Bicirumab
44
Liver imaging and potency studies
Tc-99m Phytate
45
Cardiac infarc imaging
Tc-99m Pyrophosphate
46
Kidney imaging to determine renal function
Tc-99m Heptagluconate
47
Hepatobiliary studies
Tc-99m IDA
48
Bone imaging
Tc-99m Etindronate
49
Liver scanning
Gold Au 98
50
Liver function
Sodium Rose Bengal I-131
51
Pancreatic
Selenomethionine Se-75
52
IDA stands for
iminodiacetic acid
53
Chemical compounds containing elements of high atomic number which stop the passage of x-rays.
RADIOPAQUE CONTRAST MEDIA
54
Most commonly used elements in radiopaque contrast media
Ba and I
55
Lack of healthy RBC cause by Vit. B12 Deficiency
Pernicious anemia | type of megaloblastic anemia
56
Increased blood cell levels caused by the overproduction of bone marrow
Polycythemia vera
57
Increased blood cell levels caused by the overproduction of bone marrow
Polycythemia vera

Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry (2 decks)

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