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Question 1

Name the most common parasitic infection in the duodenum causing malabsorption

Answer 1

giardia lamblia

Question 2

What medical procedure can you do to prevent hyperacute ABO rejection in the transfer of an ABO incompatible kidney?

Answer 2

plasma exchange (plasmapharesis)

Question 3

Most common cause of constrictive pericarditis with associated calcifications

Answer 3

TB

Question 4

Lady with mucormycosis, drainage of abscess happening soon, what antifungal do you give?

Answer 4

amphoreteric B

Question 5

IVDU tried to inject stuff into his femoral vein, missed and hit an artery instead. Urine dipstick positive for blood but no red cells, wt is causing the haematuria?

Answer 5

rhabdo

Question 6

Goodpastures is what HSN

Answer 6

type 2

Question 7

35) Name the type of physiological cell death that occurs in embryogenesis.

Answer 7

apoptosis

Question 8

36) What are the macroscopic findings 3 hours after a transmural myocardial infarction

Answer 8

normal

<5 hrs = normal

Question 9

48) A WoMan has a pituitary adenoma with the following biochem: TSH low T4 ACTh lo IgF1 low prolactin 700 just a bit raised. What is the cause?

Answer 9

non-functioning pituitary adenoma

Question 10

A poorly controlled T2DM pt has oozing infection of eyes and sinuses, ENT surgeons taking for debridement surgery, what’s the immediate pharm Tx?

Answer 10

amphoterecin B

Question 11

60) What bone cancer is most likely to develop in someone with Paget’s disease?

Answer 11

osteosarcoma

Question 12

62) Person with diabetes, atherosclerotic diseases, started ACE inhibitor due to microalbuminuria, develops high creatinine and urea a week later, hasn’t passed urine in 3 days, normal Na and K. What was the underlying condition of the kidney stuff?

Answer 12

renal artery stenosis

Question 13

74) Man with cavitating pneumonia and blood speckled phlegm, dx organism

Answer 13

TB

Question 14

71) CMV meningitis, patients needs IV medication, what would you administer?

Answer 14

gangiclovir

Question 15

59) What test on peripheral blood would reveal the diagnosis, results in line with multiple myeloma.

Answer 15

serum electrophoresis

Question 16

histology of biopsy in hirsprungs

Answer 16

Absent ganglion cells, hypertrophied nerves

Question 17

87) A 26 year old woman with a history of autoimmune thrombocytopenia presents with an episode of haematemesis. Gastroscopy shows widespread oozing of blood from the mucosa, she is prescribed omeprazole. The results of laboratory investigations are presented below (all normal except very low platelets 17x109). Which is the most appropriate treatment?

Answer 17

prednisolone

Question 18

most common type of melanoma

Answer 18

superficial spreading

Question 19

Some type of haem malignancy with monocytes and hypogranular bassophilic cytoplasm?

Answer 19

AML – Monocytic subtype

Question 20

vedolizumab used in?

Answer 20

UC

Question 21

124) Something about electrophoresis showing an absent band of gamma something, what blood cell is deficient?
a) Macrophages
b) T lymphocytes
c) B lymphocytes
d) Mast cells
e) Natural Killer cells

Answer 21

B lymphocytes

gamma chain - immunoglobulins

Question 22

123) Woman checked her BM using daughter’s machine cos daughter has T1DM - woman found her glucose was low. Bloods done: high insulin, low C peptide. Cause?
a) Intentional insulin
b) Insulinoma
c) T1DM
d) Anorexia nervosa
e) Gliclazides

Answer 22

intentional insulin

high insulin low C-peptide

Question 23

119) Most likely complication of multiple pulmonary thromboemboli?
a) Pulmonary infarcts
b) Sudden death
c) Pulmonary hypertension
d) MI
e) Paradoxical embolism…

Answer 23

pulmonary HTN

Question 24

90) Which lung cancer associated with lung peripheries is linked to high ADH?

Answer 24

small cell

Question 25

150) Rank these conditions in terms of K from lowest to highest; Cushing’s syndrome Conn’s syndrome Addison’s disease primary hypothyroid Pheochromocytoma

Answer 25

low -conns -cushings -phaeochromocytoma -primary hypothyroid -addisons

Question 26

149) Rank conditions from 1 lowest level of PTH to 5 highest level of PTH: Primary hyperparathyroidism with high Ca secondary hyperparathyroidism with normal Ca Breast cancer with bony mets low Ca Osteoporosis Paget’s disease

Answer 26

* Pagets * Breast cancer * Osteoporosis * Primary PTH * Secondary PTH

Question 27

148) A 67 year old man has been diagnosed with vertebral osteomyelitis. Rank the causative organisms below in likelihood, with (1) being the most likely and (5) being the least likely. Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus anginosus Escherichia coli Brucella melitensis Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 27

* staph * E.coli * Pseudo * Strep * Brucella

Question 28

what comes earlier, portal HTN or cirrhosis

Answer 28

cirrhosis

Question 29

143) Treatment of staph aureus infection rank the antibiotics with narrow to broad fluclox co amox meropenem pip taz ceftriaxone

Answer 29

* fluclox * co-amox * cef * pip taz * meropenem

Question 30

asymptomatic 58 year old with myelocytes in blood film. FBC shows high leukocytes and high basophils

Answer 30

CML

Question 31

A patient is admitted to the ED after severe trauma and blood loss. Without time for blood ABO grouping, he required emergency resus wth RBC and FFP. What blood group plasma should be used?

Answer 31

AB blood group | plasma = AB RBC = O-neg

Question 32

. A 32 year old woman who is 32 weeks pregnant has an FBC performed - low platelets.

Answer 32

gestational thrombocytopenia

Question 33

Antibodies bind to which cell type during the effector phase of antibody mediated rejection of solid organ allografts?

Answer 33

Graft endothelial cells

Question 34

Which cytokine is key in promoting the development and terminal differentiation of eosinophils?

Answer 34

IL-5

Question 35

HyperIgM gene mutation?

Answer 35

CD40L

Question 36

ankylosing spondylitis. He has shown a partial response to NSAIDS. Which cytokine could be targeted to improve disease control.

Answer 36

TNF-a

Question 37

What is the maximum number of HLA class mismatches that may occur if a parent acts as a kidney donor for a child?

Answer 37

3

Question 38

Maximum possible HLA mismatches generally

Answer 38

6

Question 39

Sibling-sibling HLA mismatches

Answer 39

25% 0/6 matches, 50% 3/6 matches, 25% 6/6 matches

Question 40

What double stranded DNA virus is associated with nephritis in renal transplant recipients on immunosuppresive therapy?

Answer 40

BK virus

Question 41

Which helminth is capable of autoinfection in humans via the following life cycle? Infective filariform larvae penetrate intact skin and migrate to the small intestine where they became adults. Eggs hatch into rhabaitifom larvae which mature into filariform larvae which can autoinfect via perianal skin.

Answer 41

strongyloides

Question 42

A 26 year old woman presents with fever, headache and confusion. She has an HIV infection and has refused to take antiretroviral therapy for the past 4 years. What rapid test should you ask the microbiology laboratory to perform on her serum sample to confirm the likely diagnosis?

Answer 42

cryptococcus rapid test

Question 43

A 2-day old neonate develops meningitis. The microbio laboratory telephone to report that a Gram stain of her CSF shows Gram- negative bacilli. What is the most likely causative organism?

Answer 43

E.coli