Random Flashcards
What is furosemide?
Diuretic
For oedema
What is a thiazides?
Reduced fluid - so no oedema
What drugs are contraindicated with thiazides?
Allopurinol
NSAIDs
Cyclosporine
Other diuretics
Steroids
What kind of antibiotic if amoxicillin? Who is it often for?
Penicillin antibiotic
Often for children
What is doxycycline?
Antibiotic
Given to over 8’s for lymes disease
What does folic acid reduce the side effects of?
Methotrexate
Give the 7 statins from most to lest in terms of LDL-lowering ability
Rosuvastatin
Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Lovastatin
Pitavastatin
Pravastatin
Fluvastatin
Pneumonic - RASLPPF (razzle-pu-puff)
What is the general mechanism of statins?
Inhibit HMG CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A)
This is the pivotal enzyme in hepatic cholesterol synthesis.
Inhibiting HMG CoA reductase stops mevalonic acid production. Decreased internal hepatic cholesterol synthesis = hepatocytes upregulate production and decreased breakdown of LDL receptors = increased binding of LDL circulating in blood. So less LDL containing cholesterol in blood.
Adverse affects of statins
Muscle toxicity
Headache
Dizziness
Nausea
Tiredness/weakness
Constipation/diarrhoea/indigestion
Sleep problems
Low platelet count
Uncommon: being sick, memory problems, hair loss, pins and needles, hepatitis, pancreatitis, acne/itchy red rash, sexual problems.
Give 4 examples of ACE inhibitors
Enalapril
Lisionpril
Perindopril
Ramipril
How do ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors relax blood vessels = reduce bp
How to ARBs reduce bp?
Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers work similarly to ACE inhibitors. Often used if adverse effect to ACE inhibitors.
Give 5 examples of ARBs
Candestartan
Irbesartan
Losartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
How do calcium channel blockers lower bp?
By widening blood vessels
Give 5 examples of calcium channel blockers
Amlodipine
Felodipine
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Verapamil
