Random 1st Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
What is the Length Overall (LOA) of the boat?
A
7.0 metres
2
Q
What is the Beam of the boat?
A
2.3 metres
3
Q
What is the Draft of the boat?
A
1.6 metres
4
Q
What is the Displacement of the boat?
A
850 kg
5
Q
What is the Main + Jib Sail Area?
A
30 m²
6
Q
What is the Spinnaker Area of the boat?
A
45 m² (asymmetrical)
7
Q
What is the Mast Height of the boat?
A
Approx. 10 metres
8
Q
What is the Hull Material of the boat?
A
Fibreglass reinforced plastic
9
Q
What type of Rudder does the boat have?
A
Balanced spade rudder
10
Q
What type of Keel does the boat have?
A
Fin keel
11
Q
What is the Crew Weight Limit of the boat?
A
Up to 350kg total
12
Q
What does Rule 10 state in racing rules?
A
Port tack boat must keep clear of starboard tack boat
13
Q
What does Rule 11 state in racing rules?
A
Windward boat keeps clear of leeward boat
14
Q
What does Rule 12 state in racing rules?
A
When boats are on the same tack, the one clear astern must keep clear
15
Q
What does Rule 13 state in racing rules?
A
If boats overlap on the same tack, the windward boat must keep clear
16
Q
What does Rule 14 state in racing rules?
A
Avoid contact if reasonably possible
17
Q
What does Rule 15 state in racing rules?
A
If a boat changes tack, she must keep clear until on a close-hauled course
18
Q
What does Rule 16 state in racing rules?
A
When a boat passes head to wind in a tack, she must keep clear until she is on a close-hauled course
19
Q
What does Rule 17 state in racing rules?
A
When boats are on opposite tacks and overlapped to windward, windward boat keeps clear
20
Q
What does Rule 18 state in racing rules?
A
Mark-room must be given when boats are overlapped at a mark
21
Q
What does Rule 19 state in racing rules?
A
Room to tack at an obstruction must be given
22
Q
What does Rule 20 state in racing rules?
A
Room to pass an obstruction on the required side must be given
23
Q
What does Rule 21 state in racing rules?
A
Exoneration of boat after penalty turns
24
Q
What does Rule 22 state in racing rules?
A
Penalties for breaking rules while starting
25
What does Rule 23 state in racing rules?
Starting penalties and Z flag rule
26
What is a Lee Bow Tack?
Tacking close ahead and to leeward to force opponent to tack away
27
What is a Duck and Tack?
Bear off behind starboard boat, then tack into clear air
28
What is a Double Tack?
Two quick tacks to consolidate position or respond to wind shifts
29
What is Covering in sailing tactics?
Sailing to keep your opponent in your wind shadow
30
What does Flying a lane mean?
Choosing a side of the course that gives better wind or current
31
What is Pinching in sailing tactics?
Sailing closer to the wind than optimal to cover competitors
32
What does Heading Up mean?
Turning boat closer to the wind
33
What does Bearing Away mean?
Turning boat away from the wind
34
What does Rounding the Mark Wide involve?
Taking a wider, faster rounding to maintain boat speed
35
What does Rounding the Mark Tight involve?
Taking a tight rounding to shorten distance, sacrificing speed
36
What does Using Gusts refer to?
Adjusting sail trim and heel to power through gusts
37
What does Playing the Shift mean?
Sailing into shifts in wind direction to gain advantage
38
What is the Outhaul control line used for?
Controls tension along foot of mainsail
39
What does the Cunningham control line do?
Adjusts luff tension and moves draft forward
40
What is the Vang control line used for?
Controls leech tension and twist in mainsail
41
What does the Jib Halyard do?
Hoists/Lowers the Jib
42
What does the Spinnaker Halyard do?
Hoists the spinnaker
43
What are Spinnaker Sheets used for?
Controls the angle and trim of the spinnaker
44
What do Jib Sheets control?
Controls jib trim
45
What is the purpose of the Traveler control line?
Controls mainsail angle to the wind and controls twist
46
How should the Outhaul be adjusted?
Tight for flat sail in strong wind, loose for fuller sail in light air
47
How should the Vang be adjusted?
Tighten to flatten mainsail and reduce twist
48
What is a Gybe Set in spinnaker handling?
Hoisting spinnaker and immediately gybing around a mark
49
What is a Clean Hoist in spinnaker handling?
Setting spinnaker fully before filling to avoid wraps
50
What does Douse refer to in spinnaker handling?
Procedure to drop and secure the spinnaker
51
What is an Asymmetric Spinnaker?
Designed for reaching and downwind, flown from bowsprit - Better angle, less speed, more blanketing
52
What is a Symmetric Spinnaker?
Flown from centerline, used with spinnaker pole - More speed, overall better downwind, less blanketing
53
What is Spinnaker Trim?
Adjusting sheets and guy to keep sail full and stable - Generally keep pole inline with boom and keep pole at a horizontal or slightly positive angle
54
What is a Pressure Gradient?
Difference in wind speed that affects boat handling
55
What is Wind Shear?
Change in wind speed/direction with height, affects sail trim
56
What is a Wind Shift?
Change in wind direction, crucial for tactical decisions
57
What is a Gust?
Sudden increase in wind speed requiring sail adjustment
58
What does Sea State refer to?
Wave conditions affecting boat speed and handling
59
What is Current in sailing?
Water movement affecting boat course over ground
60
What is a Wind Shadow?
Area behind a boat or object where wind is reduced
61
What is Velocity Made Good (VMG)?
Speed towards the mark factoring course and wind
62
What is Lift in sailing?
Wind shift that allows sailing higher to the mark
63
What is a Header in sailing?
Wind shift - forces sailing lower from the mark
64
What is Heel in boat handling?
Angle boat leans, affects speed and control
65
What does Balance refer to in boat handling?
Distribution of crew weight to optimize heel and helm
66
What is Helm Pressure?
Force on tiller or wheel indicating boat balance
67
What is Speed Control in sailing?
Adjusting trim and sail controls for max speed
68
What does Boat Control in Waves refer to?
Adjusting steering and trim for wave impact
69
What is Acceleration Out of Tack?
Techniques to quickly gain speed after tacking
70
What is the Approach to Mark?
Choosing angle and speed for efficient rounding
71
What does Rounding with Crew Coordination involve?
Timing movements and sail adjustments
72
What is the trade-off between Boat Speed and Course Made Good?
Trade-offs in heading for optimal race result
73
What is the role of the Helmsman?
Steers the boat and makes tactical decisions
74
What does the Float do?
Advises helmsman on tactics and wind shifts, cleans up lines, takes over extra roles-halliards, sitting on leeward, trav
75
What is the role of the Mainsheet Trimmer?
Controls mainsail trim for power and speed
76
What is the role of the Trimmer?
Controls spinnaker sheets and guy Adjusts jib sheets for pointing and speed
77
What does the Bowman do?
Handles spinnaker sets, douses, and mark roundings
78
What are Communication Calls?
Clear commands for maneuvers and adjustments
79
What is a Pin End Favoured Start?
Advantage to boat starting near pin end of line
80
What is a Committee Boat Favoured Start?
Advantage near committee boat end
81
What does Timing the Start involve?
Hitting the line exactly on start signal
82
What is the Z Flag Rule?
Immediate penalty if over early in last minute before start
83
What does Covering Opponents on Start Line mean?
Preventing them from clear air
84
What does Tacking on Start Line involve?
To gain windward advantage or avoid crowding
85
What is the Pin Wheel Effect?
Crowding near pin causing congestion and collisions
86
What is a Starting Strategy?
Choosing favored end, boat speed, tactical positioning, timing the line, time to acceleration
87
What are the risks and benefits of Inside vs Outside Rounding?
Inside rounding offers the shortest path around the mark and defensive positioning, helping you protect your place if you have inside rights. - slower exits, limited room, bad air Outside rounding gives you more speed out of the turn, tactical freedom, and helps avoid congestion and overlap conflicts at the mark. - adds distance, vulnerable to overlap. Inside when you have room, outside when avoid traffic.
88
What does Taking a Penalty Turn involve?
One or two turns to exonerate
89
What are Common Penalties in sailing?
Touching mark, fouling another boat, premature start
90
What is Redress in sailing?
Requesting compensation for unfair incidents
91
What does Rule 44.1 state?
Two-turns penalty for some infractions
92
What does Rule 44.2 state?
One-turn penalty for some other infractions
93
What does Signaling Penalties involve?
Using flags and sounds to show penalty
94
Upwind approach, we just rounded the mark, we are now downwind with the spinnaker up. What was our thought process as the main trimmer before we get to the mark, throughout and after - what control lines ease/let loose what control lines do we tighten...
Approaching the mark, keep main trimmed for height; vang is eased, outhaul and Cunningham on. As you round, ease main sheet slightly and let out trav—windward for by the lee, leeward for running. Post-rounding, ease outhaul, release cunningham, and pull vang on (moderate) to control twist. Downwind, focus on keeping the main leech loaded and powered. Vang becomes the key control line as the main is out. Coordinate with kite trimmer, and don’t let the spinnaker luff. The leeward sheet becomes the active sheet, used to trim the spinnaker and control the shape of the sail; it should be trimmed so the luff just barely curls, and constantly adjusted for angle.
95
What are tweakers and how are they used?
Tweakers are lines that pull down the spinnaker sheet or guy to control the vertical position of the clew, helping reduce twist and stabilise the spinnaker in breeze; eased in light air, pulled on in heavier air or when sailing deeper.
