Random 3

Question 1

Extent to which the independent variable is carried out and implemented correctly

Answer 1

Treatment Fidelity

Question 2

How often should researchers obtain and report IOA

Answer 2

A minimum of 20%, preferably between 25 and 33%

Question 3

Stimulus used to increase the future probability of a behavior
A.k.a. primary or unlearned reinforcer
Biological need… Oxygen, food, warmth, sex, shelter. Function as reinforcers due to heredity or evolution

Answer 3

Unconditioned reinforcer

Question 4

Variables that are relevant to describing the stimulus environment. Can include people and items present. Can shape operant behaviors. 

Answer 4

Environmental variables

Question 5

Line, bar, cumulative

Answer 5

Equal intervals graphs

Question 6

Complex dynamic universe of events

Answer 6

Environment

Question 7

A natural science approach to the study of behavior as a subject matter in its own right. Founded by BF skinner.

Answer 7

Experimental analysis of behavior

Question 8

Repeated, continued Measurement of clearly defined response classes, Within subject experimental comparisons instead of group designs

Answer 8

Experimental analysis of behavior

Question 9

A scientific procedure of testing and evaluation in ABA

Answer 9

Experiment

Question 10

When a prompt or que is given immediately following an instruction so that an incorrect response is avoided. The immediate prompt interrupts their response ensuring the correct answer

Answer 10

Errorless teaching/learning

Question 11

Instructional method for gradually transferring stimulus control with a minimum of errors that use always responds correctly

Answer 11

Errorless teaching

Question 12

No direct evidence. Fictions or fictitious variables that are another name for the observed behavior. Uses only diagnosis, conceptual variables and observable constructs
Ex: Intelligence is an explanation but adds no additional information

Answer 12

Explanatory fictions

Question 13

Taught in natural sequence from the first step. Each step acts as an ST and it conditioned reinforce her for the next step. Ex: Child making a bed

Answer 13

 Forward chaining

Question 14

Measurement of how long a behavior or response occurred. A dimensional quantity of temporal extent

Answer 14

Duration

Question 15

Discriminating among Various objects. When the doorbell rings, you answer. When the phone rings, you answer it

Answer 15

Discrimination

Question 16

The procedure taught to someone who is learning and is used to create a task analysis.

Answer 16

Chaining

Question 17

What type of chain exists naturally? A series/sequence of events that are linked together

Answer 17

Behavior chain

Question 18

Chaining leads to a ______ _______

Answer 18

Task analysis

Question 19

When the learner does the last step and receives immediate reinforcement

Answer 19

Backwards chaining

Question 20

The branch of ABA that discovers and clarifies basic principles of behavior that adds to the already existing body of knowledge in the field

Answer 20

Experimental analysis of behavior

Question 21

An emphasis on describing functional relationships between behavior and controlling variables in the environment over formal theory testing

Answer 21

Experimental analysis of behavior

Question 22

Measures continuous behavior where there is no clear beginning or end. Example, catching a sample of the behavior - How to see behavior, humming, flapping

Answer 22

Discontinuous measurement

Question 23

The practice of objective observation of the Phenomena of interest. Independent of individual prejudice, tastes and private opinions of the scientist. Based on facts, observation and experimentation.

Answer 23

Empiricism

Question 24

The extent to which a learner emits untrained responses that are functionally equivalent to the target behavior when no instructional contingencies have been applied

Answer 24

Response generalization

Question 25

Example, mowing lawns a variety of ways. Example, removing weeds with various tools. Example, being taught to say how are you and then saying hello without being taught

Answer 25

Response generalization

Question 26

#UntrainedResponses

Answer 26

Response generalization

Question 27

The controlled comparison of some measure of the phenomena of interest under two or more different conditions in which only one factor at a time differs from one condition to another. Identify and systematically manipulate variables independently

Answer 27

Experimentation

Question 28

Behavior, a response that has a clear beginning and end. Example: a bike, a kick, a punch

Answer 28

Discontinuous behavior

Question 29

When a learner emits or engages in untrained responses that are functionally equivalent to the trained target behavior. For example, Kevin independently learned the backstroke and generalize new responses to the situation of swimming.

Answer 29

Response generalization

Question 30

A group or set of responses that serve the same function or have the same impact on the environment. Example: writing, saying, or showing 4 in response to 2+2 or screaming, hitting or headbanging to gain a snack

Answer 30

Response class

Question 31

Repeating of conditions or a whole experiment to determine if the findings will be the same and hold value

Answer 31

Replication

Question 32

Measurement in which all possible responses can be detected during observation Period. measures catching each and every instance of a behavior. frequency, latency, duration, rate, IRT ex: such as a bite, a kick, a punch

Answer 32

Continuous measurement

Question 33

Choose only those behaviors to change to produce reinforcers in the learners post Intervention environment

Answer 33

Relevance of behavior rule

Question 34

Systematic approach to the understanding of natural phenomena that relies on the six assumptions

Answer 34

Science

Question 35

The strongest schedule of reinforcement. Example: slot machines

Answer 35

Variable ratio

Question 36

When an antecedent evokes or abates the behavior. Three term contingency involved SD, response, consequence

Answer 36

Simple discrimination

Question 37

Most basic Preference assessmentand not as accurate as others. Provide a single item, record behavior reaction and duration they played with the item. For use who can’t choose between high preferred and low preferred

Answer 37

Single stimulus preference assessment a.k.a. success of choice

Question 38

Reinforcement that occurs due to another persons actions

Answer 38

Socially mediated

Question 39

A self-management strategy used for unwanted repetitive behaviors or habits. Example: ticks, hair pulling, nail biting, skin picking. This self-management strategy involves self-awareness training, competing response training and motivation techniques.

Answer 39

Habit reversal

Question 40

The fundamental principle underlying operant conditioning. All forms of operant behavior, from simple to complex, are selected, shaped, and maintained by their consequences during an individual’s lifetime. Skinners concept. Ontogeny… Learning history

Answer 40

Selection by consequences

Question 41

A graphic depiction of the extent to which behavior that has been reinforced in the presence of a specific stimulus condition is emitted in the presence of other stimuli

Answer 41

Stimulus generalization gradient

Question 42

Making things more prominent. Using bright colors, markers, bigger and highlighting stuff to make it more salient

Answer 42

Stimulus salience

Question 43

Procedure in which two stimuli are presented at the same time, usually repeated for a number of trials which often results in one stimulus acquiring the function of the other stimulus

Answer 43

Stimulus stimulus pairing

Question 44

When a behavior intervention has multiple components/elements. Example: a toileting procedure that includes increased fluid intake, replacing diapers with underwear and or reinforcement for urinating, etc.

Answer 44

Treatment package a.k.a. multi component intervention

Question 45

The process by which behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement are placed on extinction by masking or removing the sensory consequence

Answer 45

Sensory extinction

Question 46

The self is all that exists

Answer 46

Solipsism

Question 47

Systematically varying conditions of an experiment. Add to the external validity of the earlier findings. Offers greater potential rewards than direct replication. Provides increased reliability and Increased generality.

Answer 47

Systematic replication

Question 48

Immediacy, contingency, established operations, individual differences and magnitude

Answer 48

Five factors that influence the effectiveness of reinforcement

Question 49

The response class selected for intervention

Answer 49

Target behavior

Question 50

Refers to time. Prior to the behavior and after.

Answer 50

Temporal

Question 51

An interdependent group contingency. The team with the fewest marks against them earns reinforcement. Example: spelling bee.

Answer 51

The good behavior game

Question 52

A physical form or shape of a behavior

Answer 52

Topography

Question 53

Responses based on the form in which the behavior is completed or carried out. Defines instances of the target response class by the shape or form of the behavior

Answer 53

Topography-based definition

Question 54

A procedure used to teach behaviors which require physical assistance. Good for chained motor behavior such as self-help and leisure skills

Answer 54

Graduated guidance

Question 55

Stimulus change that decreases the future frequency of that behavior

Answer 55

Punisher

Question 56

A process in which prompts are removed once the target behavior is occurring in the presence of an SD. Prompt fading and prompt delay are procedures used to transfer stimulus control from the prompt to the SD.

Answer 56

Transfer of stimulus control

Question 57

This axis or ordinate represents the DV and level, trend and variability

Answer 57

Vertical axis

Question 58

A single instance of behavior

Answer 58

Response

Question 59

Occurs when new stimuli, similar or not similar, do not evoke the same response as the controlling simulus

Answer 59

Stimulus discrimination

Question 60

Thoroughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior including public and private events such as thoughts and feelings in terms of controlling variables in the history or the person and the species

Answer 60

Radical behaviorism

Question 61

A dimensional quantity of measurement: When the target behavior occurs. #StartingPoint

Answer 61

Temporal locus

Question 62

Includes IRT and latency

Answer 62

Temper Locus

Question 63

The observer provides instructions or arranges for specific events or activities to occur during the observation.

Answer 63

Structured observation

Question 64

Changing the shape/form of a behavior by differentially reinforcing select members of a response class. Example: learning to say hi and you can wave or wave and say hi. #Across the lifetime

Answer 64

Shaping across different topographies

Question 65

The extent to which a learner emits the target behavior in a setting or similar situation that is different from the instructional setting

Answer 65

Settings/situation generalization

Question 66

``` When the form of the behavior remains constant but other parts of the behavior are differentially reinforced. Example: harder, faster, stronger, longer, etc. Ex: running a race, teaching to throw a life-preserver within reach. #WithinParts.Force/Magnitude ```

Answer 66

Shaping within different topographies

Question 67

Behavior that continues to occur during extinction and has greater resistance to extinction then behavior that diminished quickly. Continue responding of behavior during extinction

Answer 67

Resistance to extinction

Question 68

a visual scale/chart that shows Relative behavior change versus absolute change

Answer 68

Ratio scale a.k.a. semi logarithmic chart