Random cards

Question 1

what disorder is associated with pseudohyponatraemia

Answer 1

hyperlipidaemia

Question 2

what is the most common cause of mitral stenosis

Answer 2

rheumatic heart disease

Question 3

what heart murmur would you expect increased pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure

Answer 3

mitral stenosis

Question 4

why does mitral stenosis cause a right parasternal heave

Answer 4

causes right ventricular hypertrophy due to an increase in right sided pressures

Question 5

what sided heart deviation does mitral stenosis cause

Answer 5

right axis deviation to right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 6

what heart sound might you be able to palpate in mitral stenosis

Answer 6

tapping apex beat- S1

Question 7

what heart murmur causes increased pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure

Answer 7

mitral stenosis

Question 8

what are the borders of calots triangle (where the cystic artery branches off the right hepatic artery)

Answer 8

inferior edge of liver
common hepatic duct medially
cystic duct laterally

Question 9

what lymph node is found in calots triangle

Answer 9

the cystic lymph node of lund

Question 10

what are the symptoms of chicken pox in adults

Answer 10

headache and temperature

rash

Question 11

what organism causes chicken pox

Answer 11

varicella zoster

Question 12

what are possible complications of chicken pox

Answer 12

pneumonia
meningitis
CNS involvment
bacterial super infection 
septicaemia

Question 13

what two blood tests should be performed on a pregnant woman who may have come into contact with the chicken pox virus

Answer 13

IgM and IgG

Question 14

what is naloxone

Answer 14

reverses the effects of opiods

Question 15

what is midazolam

Answer 15

sedative

Question 16

what are the features of carcinoid syndrome

Answer 16

pulmonic and tricuspid valve thickening and stenosis 
endocardial fibrosis
hepatomegaly
diarrhoea
cramps
nausea
vomiting
cutanous flushing
apparent cyanosis
cough wheeze sob
retroperitoneal and pelvic fibrosis

Question 17

what is carcinoid syndrome

Answer 17

a paraneoplastic syndrome secondary to carcinoid tumours
caused by secretion of serotonin from the tumour
commonly occurs from GI carcinoid tumours

Question 18

what is a carcinoid tumour

Answer 18

a neuroendocrine tumour
slow growing
always have malignant potential
may be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally

Question 19

at what age would you expect children to be able to sit without support, reach for things and imitate sounds

Answer 19

7 months

Question 20

what are the symptoms of pre eclampsia

Answer 20

severe headache
visual problems 
rib pain 
vomiting 
swelling

Question 21

what are the symptoms of severe pre eclampsia

Answer 21

abnormal LFTs
accelerated hypertension 
altered consciousness level 
haemodialysis 
clotting problems 
hyper reflexia 
focal neurology

Question 22

what are the symptoms of gout

Answer 22

pain, heat and severe tenderness in foot joints
can affect any joint but most commonly big toe
usually mono/oligoarticular
caused by urate crystal deposition

Question 23

what is charcots arthropathy (neuropathic arthropathy)

Answer 23

associated with conditions such as DM, syringomyelia and syphilis
progressive degeneration of a weight bearing joint
may cause deformity and pain
may have rocker bottom appearance due to bony collapse

Question 24

what is syringomyelia

Answer 24

cyst in spinal cord (syrinx)

Question 25

what antifungal is mainly used orally

Answer 25

fluconazole

Question 26

name some topical antifungals

Answer 26

clotrimazole miconazole enconazole

Question 27

``` what class of drugs are the following chlorpromazine haloperidol metoclopramide sulpride ```

Answer 27

dopamine antagonists

Question 28

what might cause hyperprolactinaemia

Answer 28

``` dopamine antagonists chronic renal failure pregnancy hypothyroidism acromegaly ```

Question 29

why might dialysis patients have anaemia

Answer 29

poor iron absorption lack of endogenous erythropoetin GI blood loss is common

Question 30

why might you avoid giving a packed cell transfusion to an anaemic dialysis patient

Answer 30

transfusions increase the risk of transplant rejection | only transfuse is very unwell

Question 31

what age are epigastric hernias common

Answer 31

children and young adults

Question 32

what can cause a stiff neck in a child

Answer 32

acute poliomyelitis retropharyngeal absess stills disease

Question 33

what is adenosine deaminase

Answer 33

Severe combined immunodeficiency

Question 34

what are the features of legionaires disease

Answer 34

``` air cooling systems legionella pneumonphilia gastro symptoms flu symptoms dry cough confusion patchy consolidation on x ray ``` erythromycin

Question 35

what gi problem is common in neonates with down syndrome

Answer 35

duodenal atresia