Random/consolidation

Question 1

thalamus groups

Answer 1

functional (sensory), motor, limbic, multimodal, intralminar

Question 2

limbic group function

Answer 2

emotions and memory

Question 3

multimodal group function

Answer 3

sensory processing

Question 4

intralaminar group function

Answer 4

regulation of consciousness and pain

Question 5

function of midbrain

Answer 5

visual/auditory/motor, pain

Question 6

function of pons

Answer 6

respiration and consciousness

Question 7

function of medulla

Answer 7

cardiovascular, motor, speech, balance

Question 8

spina bifida occulta

Answer 8

tuft of hair

Question 9

meningocele

Answer 9

meninges bulging, can be repaired

Question 10

meningomyelocele

Answer 10

meninges and tissue bulging, more serious when there is a bony defect (allows spinal cord to move)

Question 11

rachischisis/anencephalic

Answer 11

no development of neural tube/spinal cord, can be born without a brain

Question 12

components of epithalamus

Answer 12

paired habenular trigones, habenular commissure, pineal gland

Question 13

parts of limbic lobe

Answer 13

amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and cingulate gyrus, uncus

Question 14

corticospinal tract

Answer 14

white matter motor pathway starting at the cerebral cortex that terminates on lower motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord, controlling movements of the limbs and trunk

Question 15

corticobulbar tract

Answer 15

a two-neuron white matter motor pathway connecting the motor cortex in the cerebral cortex to the medullary pyramids

Question 16

what separates the 2 cerebellar hemispheres

Answer 16

vermis

Question 17

situated on the ventral aspect of the cerebellum

Answer 17

flocculonodular lobe

Question 18

the flocculonodular lobe is formed by

Answer 18

nodulus (middle) and flocculus (lateral)

Question 19

regions where the arachnoid and pia separate to form spaces which contain substantial amounts of CSF

Answer 19

subarachnoid cisterns

Question 20

examples of subarachnoid cisterns

Answer 20

cisterna magna and lumbar cistern

Question 21

neurons in ventral horn gray matter

Answer 21

alpha motor, gamma motor, interneurons

Question 22

neurons in lateral horn gray matter

Answer 22

visceral preganglionic motor (part of ANS)

Question 23

neurons in dorsal horn gray matter

Answer 23

sensory neurons

Question 24

ventral white commissure function

Answer 24

pain and temperature

Question 25

dorsolateral tract of lissauer function

Answer 25

short asc/desc fibers, info relating to pain

Question 26

fasciculus proprius function

Answer 26

intersegmental reflexes

Question 27

fasciculus gracilis function

Answer 27

carries information from lower limb and lower trunk

Question 28

fasciculus cuneatus function

Answer 28

carries information from upper limb and upper trunk

Question 29

fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus are in which column

Answer 29

dorsal column of white matter

Question 30

sits in tectorial notch

Answer 30

midbrain

Question 31

similarities in hematomas

Answer 31

Symptoms are caused by pressure on the brain, NOT anoxia Both can be fatal if not properly tended to Both are within layers of the dura`

Question 32

differences in hematomas

Answer 32

``` Epidural = artery bleed (rapid) Subdural = vein bleed (slow) ```

Question 33

example of communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 33

after subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis

Question 34

example of non-communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 34

Bulging of meninges in spinal cord/brain matter block flow - Congenital narrowing of cerebral aqueduct, spina bifida, TBI

Question 35

common site for development of atheromatous plaques and strokes preceded by TIAs

Answer 35

internal carotid artery

Question 36

most often affected by a cerebrovascular accident (hemiplegia, apraxia, aphasia) UPPER

Answer 36

middle cerebral artery

Question 37

occlusion causes hemiplegia and sensory deficits, also behavioral differences and apraxia LOWER

Answer 37

main anterior cerebral artery

Question 38

ventral white matter column

Answer 38

ascending and descending sensory and motor

Question 39

lateral white matter column

Answer 39

ascending and descending sensory and motor

Question 40

dorsal white matter column

Answer 40

ascending sensory

Question 41

cranial nerves in diencephalon region

Answer 41

olfactory, optic

Question 42

cranial nerves in midbrain region

Answer 42

oculomotor, trochlear

Question 43

cranial nerve in pons region

Answer 43

trigeminal

Question 44

cranial nerves in between pons and medulla

Answer 44

abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear

Question 45

cranial nerves in medulla region

Answer 45

glossopharyngeal, vagus, hypoglossal, spinal accessory

Question 46

ascending tracts are

Answer 46

sensory

Question 47

descending tracts are

Answer 47

motor

Question 48

what nuclei exist in the open medulla

Answer 48

Reticular and inferior olivary

Question 49

what nuclei exist in the closed medulla

Answer 49

Gracile, cuneate, reticular

Question 50

Is the red nucleus in the more rostral or caudal portion of the midbrain

Answer 50

rostral

Question 51

Where does the corticobulbar tract end?

Answer 51

Open medulla

Question 52

What are the 5 developmental brain regions from rostral to caudal?

Answer 52

Telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myelencephalon

Question 53

posterior circulation to the brain

Answer 53

basilar artery and vertebral artery

Question 54

anterior circulation to the brain

Answer 54

internal carotid artery (from common carotid)

Question 55

injuries to main anterior cerebral artery affects which extremity more

Answer 55

lower