Random Facts Flashcards
(198 cards)
1
Q
Adequate Iron Stores in CKD4
A
Ferritin > 500 Transferritin sat > 30%
2
Q
Locally Advanced Head/Neck w/ Positive margins or nodal mets w/ extracapsular extension
A
Surgery Radiation + Chemo
3
Q
Locally Advanced Head/Neck w/ Positive margins or nodal mets w/ extracapsular extension
A
Surgery Radiation + Chemo
4
Q
Inflammation & damage of cartilaginous tissues
A
Relapsing Polychondritis (ear, nose, trachea, joints)
5
Q
Cogan Syndrome
A
Interstitial keratitis w/ cochlear and vestibular dysfunction
6
Q
Who gets 2nd doses of MMR vaccines (4)
A
Health care workers Post-grad students Household contacts of immunocompromised patients International Travelers
7
Q
Screening test for Cushings in night shift worker
A
24 hour urine free cortisol
8
Q
Follow up for AAA < 4 cm
A
Repeat US in 2-3 years
9
Q
Follow up for AAA 4-5 cm
A
Repeat US in 6 months
10
Q
Management of AAA > 5.5 cm
A
CTA and surgical/endovascular planning
11
Q
Pulmonary infection with exposure to livestock
A
Mild: Coxiella burnetti (Q Fever) - Doxy Severe: Anthrax spores from cattle/goat hides
12
Q
Most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency in the US?
A
Autoimmune - 21 hydroxylase antibodies
13
Q
Red pruritic papules on chest, flanks and back associated with dry skin, heat and sweating
A
Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis - steroid cream or moisturizers
14
Q
Transverse Myelitis Treatment
A
High Dose Steroids PLEX
15
Q
Transverse Myelitis diagnosis
A
Cord symptoms Inflammation w/ leukocytosis on CSF Inflammation on MRI
16
Q
TM vs GBS
A
TM: paresis, corresponds to cord level, bowel/bladder dysfunction GBM: ascending weakness/sensory loss, autonomic dysfunciton, isolated inc CSF protein
17
Q
Screening tests for Incidental Adrenal-oma
A
24 hr urine metanephrines Dexamethasone suppression test
18
Q
Pancytopenia and bloody diarrhea in transplant patient
A
CMV
19
Q
Management of well-differentiated, low-grade, metastatic GI NET
A
Repeat CT in 3 months
20
Q
Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA i.e. Anti-Jo-1
A
Antisynthetase Syndrome
21
Q
ILD Myositits Raynaud Inflammatory arthritis Mechanics hands Low grade Fever
A
Antisynthetase Syndrome
22
Q
Mepolizumab / Resolizumab
A
MAb IL-5 Moderate/Severe Asthma w/ eosinophilic phenotype
23
Q
Omalizumab
A
MAb IgE Allergies to perennial aeroallergens IgE 30-700
24
Q
Assess adequate quantities of sleep using _________ or __________ in patient w/ excessive sleepiness
A
Actigraphy (wrist) Sleep diary
25
Tumor marker to check for GE Junction Cancer
HER2 - Trastuzumab
26
Tumor marker to check for melanoma
BRAF - Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
27
Tumor marker for colorectal cancer
RAS - EGFR antibodies
28
HypoMag can cause
Hypocalcemia
29
How to treat early stage laryngeal cancer
Radiation alone
30
Treatment of MSSA OM in patient with hardware
Cefazolin + Rifampin
31
Prevent recurrent pneumonia’s in a patient with CLL
Check immunoglobulin levels - may benefit from IVIG
32
Resistant HTN and hypokalemia
Check for primary hyperaldo
33
Degree of stenosis need to treat asymptomatic carotid stenosis
\> 80%
34
Anticoagulation for a patient with a mechanical valve who desires pregnancy
1st Trimester: Warfarin if \<5mg daily (LMWH) 2nd-3rd Trimester: Warfarin
35
Which antiepileptic doesn’t worsen bone density
Lamotrigine
36
Follow up of 6-8mm subsolid (GG) lung nodules
Repeat CT at 6-12 months, then every 2 years for 5 years - slow growers
37
Management of newly diagnosed autoimmune pernicious anemia
EGD to look for gastric cancer - inc. gastrin secretion can predispose to cancer Gastric AdenoCA or Gastric Carcinoid
38
Tumor marker to look for in metastatic, Non-small cell lung cancer
PD-L1 - treat with pembrolizumab instead of Cisplatin
39
Who gets ASA for primary prevention (CAD and colon cancer)
Age 50-59 ASCVD risk ≥10% \*\*no increased bleeding risk
40
Purpose and timing of colonoscopy after diverticulitis
Look for colon cancer 1-2 months after diagnosis
41
Manage a patient with fever & sore throat taking Methimazole
Check CBC for agranulocytosis and stop methimazole - usually occurs in the first few months after starting
42
When to repair asymptomatic biscuspid valve and aortic root dilation
\>5.5 cm (5 cm if family hx of dissection or risk factors) \*\*Otherwise TTE q6 months
43
Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (Trochanteric Bursitis)
Pain over lateral hip radiating down leg NSAIDs/Tylenol PT
44
Surgical Mitral valve repair vs replacement - primary chronic severe MR
Repair is preferred
45
Treat Lynch Syndrome (mismatch repair) CRC with
Checkpoint inhibitor - Pembrolizumab
46
Meds to stop in a cirrhotic with ascites
Meds that decrease kidney perfusion ACE/ARB, NSAIDs
47
Survivors of ALL are at increased risk for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Metabolic Syndrome
48
In patients with myxedema coma treat with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
IV Hydrocortisone prior to thyroid hormone
49
Management of asymptomatic hepatic adenoma \< 5cm in size in women
Stop OCP Liver imaging q6 months for 2 years
50
Who gets hepatic adenonas surgically removed (3)
Men Symptomatic - bleeding Women \> 5cm
51
Hypomag can cause \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Hypokalemia by exacerbating renal losses
52
Chronic silicosis patient with constitutional symptoms and hemoptysis
TB
53
What provides the best protection against hospital developed pressure ulcers
Advanced static mattress
54
Treat hypermag using \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
NS, Lasix IV Calcium (severe symptoms)
55
Cross-sectional studies are suscpetible to _________ (2)
Recall bias Confounding
56
How does Tylenol cause a gap acidosis
Pyroglutamic acidosis
57
F/u after treatment of ovarian cancer
None unless symptoms BRCA testing for all women
58
Treat Cyclospora with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Bactrim
59
Drug induced pruritis w/o skin findings
NSAID HCTZ CCB Opiates \*\*Stop drug\*\*
60
Aseptic meningitis (Viral) between May-Nov
Enterovirus
61
Aseptic meningitis "year round" aka not May-Nov
HSV-2
62
Who gets G-CSF
PPX and Seoncdary PPX of neutropenia in patients undergoing chemo \*\*give with day 2 of cycles of therapy\*\*
63
Androgen Excess diagnostic study - High DHEAS
Adrenal tumor - Abdominal CT
64
Androgen Excess diagnostic study - High Testosterone (\>150)
Pelvic Ultrasound
65
How to treat GBS
Plex vs IVIG
66
Treat low back pain with
ibuprofen - tylenol doesn't help
67
Evaluate for suspected central vertigo with \_\_\_\_
MRI
68
Fingolimod monitoring (MS)
Eye exams - macular edema
69
Labs to check before starting Natalizumab (MS)
JC Virus antibodies high titers = high risk for PML
70
Who gets referred to a transplant center?
Decompensated Cirrhosis MELD \> 15
71
Evaluate a young patient with shingles for \_\_\_\_\_.
HIV
72
Treat end of life depression with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. (weeks)
Methylphenidate
73
Treat comedomal Acne with
1. Topical Retinoids
74
Treat inflammatory acne with
Topical antibiotics
75
Treat chronic HBV with (2)
Tenofovir or Entecavir
76
Who gets ppx cipro for travelers diarrhea
IBD Immune Compromised
77
Drugs that cause drug induced swelling
CCB, Pregabalin Minoxidil Alpha blockers
78
Who gets a kidney biopsy?
Glomerular hematuria Inc. Albuminuria Unknown AKI/CKD Transplant monitoring
79
1st line for EtOH use disorder
1. Naltrexone - safe if CKD, watch for hepatotoxicity 2. Acamprosate - need to dose reduce
80
Treat cognitive dysfunction in MS with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Cognitive Rehab - no meds!
81
AC for mechanical heart valves
Warfarin + ASA 2.5 Aortic 3.0 Mitral
82
Epilepsy drug for elderly
Lamotrigine
83
Side Effect of Entresto
Hypotension - don't start in someone who is orthostatic
84
When to look for androgen secreting tumor?
Testosterone \> 150 - Pelvic US DHEAS \> 7 - Abd CT
85
Dapto monitoring
CK and SCR - weekly
86
Treat Cheyne Stokes breathing with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
CHF optimization
87
Barrets w/ Low Grade dysplasia treatment
Ablation
88
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
1-2 days after antibiotics Pustules that start on face and spread
89
Milaria
Heat rash - Fever & Occlusion Superficial clear vesicles or as multiple discrete red papules due to occlusion of eccrine sweat ducts
90
Anti-androgen meds
Examastane & Anastrozole - less risk for VTE
91
Anti-estrogen meds
Tamoxifen & Raloxifene
92
Treate mild, non-purulent cellulitis with _________ (4)
Strep Coverage Cefalexin Clinda Dicloxacillin PCN
93
Causes of hypoaldo hyperkalemia
Heparin/LMWH ACE/ARB CKD & DM2 - Type 4 RTA Aldo resistance: Sickle cell, urinary obstruction, transplant rejection, tubulointerstitial disease
94
Treat ________ with fomepazole
Methanol Ethylene Glycol
95
Treat chronic cervical stenosis with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
PT \*\*Acute intervention if seeing progressive leg weakness, spasticity, bowel/bladder dysfunction, etc.
96
Medication-induced enteropathy can be caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. (Mimics celiac disease)
Olmesartan
97
Empiric TB meningitis Treatment
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol + Dexamethasone
98
Skin finding in the head/neck in older person with frequent sun exposure
Melanoma in situ, lentigo malgina
99
Who gets endocarditis ppx
Unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease 6 mo s/p repair of congentital heart defect
100
Treat acute bacterial prostatitis
Bactrim or Cipro x6 weeks
101
When can you start ppx heparin after hemorrhagic stroke
48 hours if no active bleed on imaging
102
First line for hepatic encephalopathy, when to add 2nd agent?
1. Lactulose 2. Add rifaximin after 2nd episode of HE
103
Diagnose TTP
Symptoms: Fever, AMS Labs: Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia \*\*Need peripheral smear with schistocytes\*\*
104
Treat TTP
PLEX
105
Causes of TTP
ADAMTS13 deficiency
106
Treat Invasive Candidiasis
Resistant UTI - candida on culture Amphotericin (CNS) vs micaFUNGIN x 14 days then oral azole based on susceptibility
107
Psoriasis can flare to erythroderma following use of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Systemic glucocorticoids (steroids)
108
Who gets a parathyroidectomy for hyperCa
Ca \> 1 mg/dL above ULN CrCl \< 60 24 hr urine Ca \>400 Increased stone risk or stones DEXA \< -2.5 at any site Fracture Age \<50 \*\*Monitor q6 months until surgery is indicated\*\*
109
When to get parathyroid sestamibi scan
Primary hyperparathyroid once surgery is indicated
110
Medical managment of Type 1 NSTEMI
DAPT (ASA and ticagrelor) x1 year
111
Antipseudomonal least likely to trigger seizure
Zosyn
112
Evaluate __________ when evaluating a patient for occupation lung disease.
Material Safety Data Sheet
113
Treat cardioembolic stroke not given tPA with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Aspirin, short term therapy \*\*Can start long term warfarin 24 hours to 2 weeks after hospitalization depending on size of infarct\*\*
114
Thrombolytic therapy (full dose tpa) is indicated for STEMIs when symptom onset is within ________ and PCI is not available with in _______ of first medical contact
12 hours 120 minutes
115
Isolated right sided colonic ischemia can be due to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Evaluate with \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Acute mesenteric ischemia from emoblism or thrombus. CTA
116
Treat Aeromonas Nec Fasc with (GNR)
Cipro + Doxy surgery/supportive care
117
When to use Erlotinib
EGFR mutation cancer
118
Treat severe poison ivy with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Prednisone taper x3 weeks
119
Neck Radiation in childhood increases your risk of
Papillary Thyroid Cancer
120
Best first step for Lyme disease w/ neuro sytmpoms
LP - give CTX if infection in CSF
121
Topamax causes what type of kidney stone
Calcium Phosphate
122
Stress test modality for pt with LBBB
Adenosine (vasodilator) nuclear
123
Mild hyponatremia and Pregnancy
Normal!
124
Treat immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (statin-induced)
Prednisone
125
Treat Pyoderma gangrenosum in an IBD patient with
Steroids!
126
Xanthomas (yellow) are associated with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Hyper-triglyceridemia
127
Reversal Agent of Dabigatran
idarucizumab
128
Treat high risk GIST tumors with (2)
Surgery Imatinib x3 years
129
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ should be suspected in black patients \>50 years who have left ventricular wall thickening that is not explained by loading conditions
Cardiac Amyloid - TTR Pseudo Septal infarct Low voltage EKG
130
Acrochordons
Skin Tag
131
Best treatment for pressure injury
Hydrocolloid dressing - foam dressing \*\*Better than gauze\*\*
132
Evaluate patietns with non-cyclic focal breast pain with
Ultrasound!
133
BP goal for post ICH stroke patients
\<130/80
134
Post-treatment surveillance for cervical cancer
H&P & Gyn exam q3 months
135
Treatment of T3 Breast Cancer in a pre-menopausal woman
Neoadjuvent Chemo, Surgery, Radiation \*\*Leuprolide and Aromatase inhibitor\*\*
136
Management of Pagets findings on imaging
Check Alk Phos If elevated give bisphosphonate (Zoledronic Acid)
137
Treat VAscular dementia with
Donepezil (off label AChE-inhibitors)
138
Moderate/Severe Psoriasis
30% BSA involvement Treat w/ MTX \*\*Topical agents for \<10%\*\*
139
Treat symptomatic anemia in a patient with Eisenmenger's
Iron!
140
GN coccobacilli with bipolar staining causing pneumonia
Yersinia pestis - Pneumonic plague Gentamicin or Streptomycin
141
Sporulating GPR Low grade fever, malaise, myalgia, HA Cough, dysnpnea, CP
Anthrax = B. anthracis Treat w/ Cipro, Levo, Moxi or Doxycycline \*\*Mediastinal widening from hemorrhagic lymphadenitis
142
Treat Calcium Oxalate stones in a patient with malabsorption
Fluids & Potassium citrate
143
Lab to check before starting bisphosphonate
Vitamin D level
144
Who is high flow not appropriate for
Hypercapnic RF or mixed RF
145
Indiactions Mohs surgery
Tumors with aggressive histiologic subtypes (micronodular, morpheaform, infiltrative, perineural involvement) High risk and cosmetically sensitive locations (face, genitals)
146
Who typically gets Rheumatoid Vasculitis
Old, Male, smokers with long standing RA or high titers Small or Medium sized vasculitis - nodules, ulceratoins, livedo reticularis, digital infarcts
147
Palpable purpura with the involvement of ears in a cocaine user
Levamisole - leukocytoclastic vasculitis
148
Risk factors associated with Vanc induced nephrotoxicity
CKD Prolonged therapy Doses \> 4g/d Trough \> 15 Concomitant use of loop diuretics
149
Management of Stage 1 Sarcoid (LAD only)
Observation
150
West Nile presents as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Encephalitis / AMS
151
CN 7 palsy and lyme possible exposuure =
Lyme disease
152
True or False: ASA should be continued in patients with stents prior to surgery, unless the bleeding risk is prohibitively high.
True
153
Weight loss is best achieved with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A high intensity behavioral program
154
Cardiac X Syndrome
Angina & stress test abnormalities w/o angiographic evidence of CAD
155
Evaluate erythema nodosum with\_\_\_\_. Why?
CXR To look for: Lymphoma, Sarcoid, TB, and Fungal infection (Cocci)
156
What can trigger Erythema Nodosum (4)
Lymphoma Sarcoid TB Fungal infection (Cocci) Strep infections OCP Pregnancy IBD
157
Indication for BIV ICD (3)
EF \< 35% Class II-IV symptoms LBBB w/ QRS \> 150
158
Treat all patients with classic Hodgkin Lymphoma regardless of stage iwth
Chemo: Doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine
159
Treat Carbon Monoxide poisioning from not a fire with
Hyperbaric oxygne
160
Treat smoke inhalation with
Hyperbaric O2 if \< 90 +Hydroxycobalabmin (cyanide toxicity)
161
Treat adv ovarian +BRCA cancer with
Olaparib Oral Poly ADP inhibitor
162
Most common cause of infection relation GN
Staph Aureus
163
When do post-strep GNs occur
7-10 days after oropharyngeal 2-4 weeks after skin infections
164
Vasoreactivity testing to inhaled nitric oxide for PAH indicates what?
Responsivity to CCB Dilt
165
Male patients with urinary urge incontinence and no response to behavioral therapy give \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Mirabegron (anti-chol)
166
Treat BPH and ED with
Tadalafil
167
Treat symptomtaic prolactinomas with
Dopamine Agonists: Cabergoline and bromocriptine
168
Medication induced tubulointerstitial nephritis
Omeprazole
169
HIV meds can cause
AKI
170
What is the most common type of AKI from Multiple Myeloma
Light chain cast nephropathy
171
What is this and what causes it
Chronic Paronychia
wet work and candida
Treat with topical steroids & minimize wet work
172
How do you treat patients with primary membranous
6-12 months of steroids
ACE
Statin
\*\*allow time for possible spontaneous remission\*\*
173
Treat latent TB with
INH for 9 months
INH + Rifapentine x 3 months (directly observed)
174
Bleeding issues
Prolongation of Platelet function analyzer
Mechanical heart valve
Acquired VWF
175
Calcineurin inhibitor
Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine
\*\*HTN & Hyperkalemia\*\*
Treat w/ HCTZ or Chlorthalidone
176
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Multiple system atrophy - autonomic, early falls
Cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration - unilateral
Dementia with Lewy Bodies
177
Avoid **Adenosine** (vasodilator) stress tests in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
COPD w/ _active wheezing_
178
Treat old man epididymitis with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
vs
young man epididymitis with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ceftriaxone and Levaquin - E coli, pseudomonas
Ceftriaxone and Doxy - CT, NG
179
Who shouldn't get pregnant
Marfan's (\<4 cm safe)
Pulmonary HTN
Cardiomyopathy
180
How does minimal change present?
Full-blown Nephrotic Syndrome!
181
How to treat primary adrenal failure
HC BID (hydrocortisone)
MC QD (fludrocortisone)
182
Normal labs in ESRD patient with bone pain/fracture
Adynamic bone disease
183
Treat Toxic Adenoma with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Radioactive Iodine
184
Vulvar itching, vaginal dryness, and dyspareunia
Pale shiny vaginal walls, decreased rugae and petechiae
GU Syndrome of Menopause
185
Patient with bruising and proteinuria and this skin finding
Amyloid
186
Safe platelet count for pregnant women with ITP
\>30k
187
Side Effects of Bevacizumab (Anti-VEGF)
Hypertension (significant but reversible)
188
Side Effect of Paclitaxel + Doxorubicin
Higher incidence of cardiomyopathy
189
CV Side Effects of Cisplatin
VTE
SVT
MI
Cardiomyopathy
190
22 yo w/ LDL 200
High-Intensity Statin
191
Metformin is safe with GFR \> \*\*\*
and contraindicated if \< \*\*\*
\>45 = safe
\<30 = no!
192
Treatment of localized impetigo
Topical Mupirocin
193
Management of pulmonary nodules \>8 mm
PET for risk stratification
Wedge resection if highly active
194
Labyrinthitis vs Vestibular Neuritis
Labyrinthitis - Hearing loss + continuous vertigo
Vestibular Neuritis - continuous vertigo
195
Itching that persists after scabies treatment with permethrin cream
Post-scabies itching
Treat with steroid cream and oral antihistamine
196
Low vitamin D, high PTH, low Ca can cause
Osteomalacia
197
Photo-sensitive rash occurred after starting TNF-alpha, ACE, NSAID, HCTZ or terbinafine
Drug-induced lupus
198
Greasy/flaky rash with the scale on head and neck that started abruptly
HIV associated Seborrheic Dermatitis
