Random PCM II Exam 1 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Correct order for physical exam of the abdomen?
1) Inspection
2) Auscultation
3) Percussion
4) Palpation
Grey Turner’s Sign vs. Cullen’s sign?
Grey Turner’s Sign: ecchymosis of the flanks (pancreatitis)
Cullen’s Sign: ecchymosis around the umbilicus (ectopic pregnancy; pancreatits)
What is the predominate sound heard during percussion of the abdomen?
Over organs?
- Typmany
- Dullness over solid organs or masses
Rovsing’s Sign?
- Pain in the RLQ during Left-sided pressure
- Referred rebound tenderness seen in appendicitis
Murphy’s Sign?
- Tests for acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis.
- Palpate deeply during inspiration and observe for pain
Wright’s Hyperabduction test for?
Specifically what muscle?
Thoracic outlet syndrome, specifically neurovascular entrapment by pectoralis minor muscle
Gaenslen Test?
- Pt supine. Flex one hip and knee to chest while simultaneously extending opposite hip (off side of table)
- (+) test = posterior pelvic pain
- Indicates: SI joint dysfunction or pathology
Stork test?
- Pt standing and have them flex hip and knee of one leg. Stabilize pt’s iliac crests, if needed, and have them lean back extending lower back
- (+) test = pain in lower back as it stress the posterior elements of the spine on the ipsilateral side
- Indicates: Possible pars defect/stress fracture
- If bilateral, increased risk of spondylolisthesis
Straight Leg Raise Test for lower back?
Sensitive or specific?
- Pt supine. Passively flex patients ipsilateral hip with knee extended
- (+) test = presence or worsening of radicular pain radiating into the ipsilateral leg, especially between 30-60° and worse w/ dorsiflexion
- Indicates: lumbosacral radiculopathy (usually herniated disc) and or sciatic neuropathy
- High sensitivity, but LOW specificity
Top 3 leading causes of death in US?
1) Heart disease
2) Cancer
3) Chronic lower respiratory disease
Leading cause of injury death in US?
Unintentional poisoning
Leading cause of injury death in the US for people ages 5-24?
Unintentional MV traffic accident
Who gets PCV13 and PPSV23 vaccines?
PCV13 = all children younger than 2 yo, all adults > 65 yo
PPSV23 = all adults 65+, people 2-64 w/ certain conditions, and adults 19-64 yo who smoke
*A smoker during lifetime will get 2 PPSV23 shots, one before age 65 and then one thereafter.
HPV vaccine for boys and girls?
- 3 doses for all girls at age 11 thru 26
- 3 doses for all boys at age 11 thu 21
- 3 doses recommended for MSM or who have other risk factor to age 26!
What does hyperparathyroidsim lead to?
Mneminic for symptoms?
- Hypercalcemia
- Stones, bones, groans, thrones, psychiatric overtones
Most common cause of hypothyroidism?
Hyperthyroidism?
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis = autoimmune disease
Grave’s Disease = hyperthyroidism = autoimmune
Classic Graves’ disease sign?
Exophthalmos
Addison’s disease?
Causes?
- Adrenal insufficiency (cortisol underproduction)
- Primary: not making cortisol
- Secondary: due to lack of ACTH
Common signs of Addison’s Disease?
Skin and oral mucosa hyperpigmentation
Commonly seen with what disease?
- Acanthosis nigracans
- Diabetes
Scapular elevation strength testing for what nerve roots?
C2-4
Most common cause of acute or chronic neck pain?
Cervical spondylosis (degenerative changes)
What is Courvoisier’s Sign?
Enlarged non-tender gallbladder due to cancer or 2° pancreatic disease
Cushing’s Syndrome vs. Cushing’s disease?
Cushing’s syndrome: refers to the condition caused by excess cortisol in the body regardless of the cause
Cushing’s disease: pituitary tumor secreting excess ACTH
