random peeps

Question 1

Smith

Answer 1

hypothesized the relative positions of strata and the kinds of fossils found in the layers were the same throughout England. called this Principle of Faunal Succession.

Question 2

Ussher

Answer 2

added up all the generations of religious patriarchs listed in the old testament of the bible to report earth was created midday October 23th 4004 BC.

Question 3

Stensen aka Steno

Answer 3

studied geologic formations around Florence and hypothesized shark teeth found further down were older than ones found nearer to the surface. made “Steno’s law of superposition”: states the relative age of one event w/ respect to another

Question 4

Goodman

Answer 4

developed the molecular clock for dating the divergences of major primate taxa. as time goes on, gets more defined (aka newborn infants have a slower mutation rate than prev thought so divergence with chimps wasn’t “as” long ago)

Question 5

Reno

Answer 5

studied early hominin bones to determine the relative sizes of females and males and found little sexual dimorphism. so males were cooperative, not competitive.

Question 6

Haile-Selassie

Answer 6

discovered front half of a single right foot with a short but divergent opposable toe. similar to Ardipithecus and walked bipedally, but spent time in trees

Question 7

Heinzelin and Clark

Answer 7

found mammal bones having distinctive cut marks made by stone tools so it indicates Au. garhi used stone tools to process animal remains for food.

Question 8

Dragutin Gorjanovic Kramberger

Answer 8

applies fluorine dating to human (Neanderthals) and animal (Plesistocene) bones found in Krapina, Crotia in the late 1890s. Found Krapina 3, typical Neadert(h)al chars.

Question 9

Tim White

Answer 9

discovered a new genus Ardipithecus in the Middle Awash, including the Ar. kadabba and Ar. ramidus.

Question 10

Lucinda Blackwell and Francesco d’Errico

Answer 10

shown that polished patterns of microscopic wear is produced by digging in the ground, i.e. termite mounds.

Question 11

Randall Susman

Answer 11

found evidence of a flexor muscle in australopithecines’ thumb, which makes possible the finer precision use of the thumb and other fingers for tool use and production.

Question 12

Hackel

Answer 12

believed the Asian great apes (oranges) were more similar to humans than African great apes (thought by Darwin). proposed genus name for first hominin might be: Pithecantropus (ape-man).

Question 13

Dubois

Answer 13

Hackel inspired him; went to east indies to look for human fossils. didn’t find any fossils in Sumarta, convinced to relocate to Java and ended up discovering the Pithecanthropus erectus (renamed to Homo erectus).