Random pre-exam things

Question 1

Tx for whooping cough

Answer 1

<1mo = clarithromycin 
>1mo = azithromycin 
Preg = erythromycin 
All for 1 week
Unless presenting >21 days

Question 2

Which viral neonatal infection causes CP?

Answer 2

Acute CMV

Question 3

How does the measles rash develop?

Answer 3

Becomes confluent then desquamates

Question 4

Name 3 infections worst in older children.

Answer 4

chickenpox
PVB19
measles

Question 5

Common short-term complication of measles?

Answer 5

Otitis media

Question 6

Drugs for measles?

Answer 6

Ribavarin if immunocompromised

Vitamin A may modulate the immune response

Question 7

Mx of contact with MMR when someone is <1yo/preg/immunocomp?

Answer 7

Immediate vaccination and another in 1 month (if <18mo then re-vaccinate in 3mo)

Question 8

Isolate for how long in measles?

Answer 8

4 days after rash

Question 9

Which infections do you need to isolate for 5 days post symptoms?

Answer 9

Rubella and mumps

Question 10

Exclusion for scarlet fever vs whooping cough?

Answer 10

Scarlet fever - 24hrs after abx

WC - 48hrs after abx (or 3 weeks if not taking abx)

Question 11

What does togavirus cause?

Answer 11

Rubella

Question 12

When does the rash appear in PVB19?

Answer 12

Once the child starts to feel better

Question 13

What if contact with PVB19 in an at-risk person?

Answer 13

Viral DNA test i.e. PCR

Urgent referral to fetal medicine unit if pregnant (at any stage of pregnancy - NICE)

Question 14

PVB19 vs roseola?

Answer 14

PVB19: feel better then get fever
Roseola: 1 day of fever and rapidly followed by rash

Question 15

Oral exanthem of roseola?

Answer 15

Nagayama spots which are papular exanthen on the uvula and soft palate

Question 16

Measles vs roseola rash?

Answer 16

Roseola starts on torso and spreads out

Question 17

How is roseola spread?

Answer 17

Saliva

Question 18

Can you catch chickenpox from someone with shingles?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What CNS complication is characteristic in chickenpox?

Answer 19

Cerebellar

Question 20

Why no NSAIDs in chickenpox?

Answer 20

Increased risk of infection

Question 21

Risks of VZV in preg?

Answer 21

<20 weeks gestation there is <2% risk of skin scarring, ocular/neurological damage and digital dysplasia to fetus
5days before or after delivery there is 25% risk of vesicular rash and 30% risk of mortalit

Question 22

When are people with rubella infectious mostly?

Answer 22

Mostly before the rash - 7 days

4 days after rash

Question 23

Most common symptom in child with UTI >3mo?

Answer 23

Fever

Question 24

Most common symptom in verbal child with UTI ?

Answer 24

Frequency and dysuria

Question 25

Define recurrent UTI.

Answer 25

2 pyelos or 1 pyelo and 1 UTI or 3 UTI

Question 26

US scans for children during UTI?

Answer 26

For atypical UTI in ALL children | For recurrent UTI in children <6mo

Question 27

US scan 6 weeks after UTI?

Answer 27

For recurrent UTI in all children | For normal if <6mo and did not have a scan during acute episode

Question 28

DMSA 4-6 months after UTI?

Answer 28

For recurrent UTIs in all children | For atypical UTIs in <3yo

Question 29

MCUG after UTI?

Answer 29

For atypical and recurrent UTIs in children <6mo

Question 30

Treatment for cystitis in >3mo?

Answer 30

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin for 3 days first line

Question 31

Treatment for pyelonephritis in >3mo?

Answer 31

Cefalexin for 7-10days

Question 32

What does proteus usually indicate?

Answer 32

Renal tract abnormalities

Question 33

Tx for systematically unwell children with UTI?

Answer 33

Ampicillin and gentamicin or IV cefixime (? this is in the MedEd guide only)

Question 34

Limit age for pincer grip and transfering?

Answer 34

Pincer grip = 12 months | Transfer = 9 months

Question 35

Median for following moving object?

Answer 35

6 weeks

Question 36

Median for palmar grasp and pincer grip?

Answer 36

``` Palmar = 4-6 months Pincer = 10months ```

Question 37

What age do babies roll front to back?

Answer 37

6 months

Question 38

What age do babies grab their feet?

Answer 38

6 months

Question 39

Building block milestones?

Answer 39

``` 18 months - 3 2yrs - 6 2.5yrs - train or 8 3yrs - bridge or 9 4yrs - steps ```

Question 40

What age do they draw a cross?

Answer 40

3.5-4yrs

Question 41

What age do they turn to SOFT sounds?

Answer 41

7 months (turn to normal sound at 3months)

Question 42

Speech milestones at 18 months?

Answer 42

6-10 words and 2 body parts (6+10+2 = 18)

Question 43

Limit ages for joining words?

Answer 43

2 words = ~2yo | 3 words = 2.5yo

Question 44

One word other than mama/dada?

Answer 44

12 months

Question 45

Limit for constant babble?

Answer 45

10 months

Question 46

Limit for fearing strangers?

Answer 46

10 months

Question 47

Feeding self with spoon?

Answer 47

18 months (skillfully at 2.5yo)

Question 48

Holds beaker with lid?

Answer 48

12 months

Question 49

Waving bye bye?

Answer 49

12 months

Question 50

Nappy dry by day?

Answer 50

2yo

Question 51

When should a baby follow face/light?

Answer 51

2 weeks

Question 52

Using knife and fork?

Answer 52

5yo

Question 53

Plays peekaboo?

Answer 53

9 months

Question 54

Can dress except for laces and buttons?

Answer 54

4yo

Question 55

When does baby become shy?

Answer 55

9 months

Question 56

When can babies turn pages one at a time?

Answer 56

2yo

Question 57

Points with finger?

Answer 57

9months

Question 58

Mama vs erdeh time?

Answer 58

6 months erdeh | 9 months mama etc

Question 59

When does baby know their own name and respond to it?

Answer 59

12 months

Question 60

Vocab of 6-8 words?

Answer 60

12-18 months

Question 61

Vocab of 20-50 words?

Answer 61

2yo

Question 62

Vocab of 200 words?

Answer 62

2.5yo

Question 63

When should a child be able to run?

Answer 63

16mo-2yo

Question 64

Cause of pansystolic murmur worse on inspiration?

Answer 64

Ebstein's

Question 65

Egg on side appearance of heart on CXR?

Answer 65

TGA

Question 66

Boot shaped heart on CXR?

Answer 66

ToF

Question 67

Collapsing pulse?

Answer 67

PDA