Random Questions Flashcards
1
Q
What is polyphagia
A
Excessive hunger
2
Q
What is compartment syndrome
A
Damage to the nerves and vasculature of an extremity due to compression
3
Q
What are the three stages of respiration
A
Pulmonary ventilation
External respiration
Internal respiration
4
Q
What are the signs of imminent delivery
A
Contractions
Possible bowel movement
Crowning occurs
Urge to push
5
Q
At what age does two person CPR become 30-2
A
> 8
6
Q
What is polyuria
A
Excessive urination
7
Q
What is Polydipsia
A
Excessive thirst
8
Q
What is polyphagia
A
Excessive hunger
9
Q
The breastbone is called what?
A
Sternum
10
Q
Where are the phalanges located
A
The hand
11
Q
Which quadrant is the spleen located
A
Left upper quadrant
12
Q
How many bones are in the human body
A
206
13
Q
In COPD patients what spo2 level is oxygen indicated.
A
92
14
Q
Supraglottic means
A
Above the glottis
15
Q
The tidal volume for ventilations at rest is
A
500ml
16
Q
An oxygen alert card is designed to inform the EMT of the
A
percentage oxygen to administer to a specific patient
17
Q
The largest blood vessel in the body is the:
A
Aorta
18
Q
Where is the maxillae located
A
The face
19
Q
In a healthy patient, an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood will?
A
Stimulate the patient to breath more
20
Q
What is an endemic
A
An endemic is a disease or condition regularly found and present within a specific geographic area or population.
21
Q
What is a epidemic
A
An epidemic refers to the widespread occurrence of a disease in a specific community or region, surpassing what is typically expected.
22
Q
What is the name of the thigh bone
A
Femur
23
Q
Where is the correct point for checking an infants pulse
A
Brachial
24
Q
How many lumbar vertebrae are in the spinal column
A
5
25
What does medial mean
Towards the midline
26
How many types of muscles are there
3
27
Nitroglycerin will cause which of the following?
Vasoconstriction
Bronchoconstriction
Vasodilation
Bronchodilation
Vasodilation
28
How many lobes do both lungs have
5
29
What does dorsal mean
Back
30
The transfer of heat when heat waves, or rays, are dispersed from an object is called
Radiation
31
The lateral malleolus is located near the
Foot
32
What does Abduction mean
To motion away from the trunk of the body
33
Where is the Carina located
The chest
34
How is the prone position defined?
Lying face down
35
Where is the liver for the most part situated?
Right upper quadrant
36
What is the term for the inner channel of a blood vessel?
Lumen
37
How many ribs are directly connected to the sternum
10
38
In which part of the body is the calcaneus bone located?
Foot
39
What does a Sphygmomanometer measure?
Pressure
40
What is the largest bone in the human body?
Femur
41
How many chambers are in the heart
4
42
What is the name of the fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between bones and tendons?
Bursa
43
Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance?
Cerebellum
44
What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?
Produces insulin and digestive enzymes
45
What is the scientific name for the collarbone?
Clavicle
46
What is the role of the gallbladder in digestion?
Stores and releases bile to aid in fat digestion
47
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Filtration of blood and urine production
48
What is the largest organ in the human body
The skin
49
Which bone forms the forehead and the upper eye sockets?
Frontal bone
50
What is the name of the muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity and aids in breathing?
Diaphragm
51
Which gland regulates metabolism and energy levels in the body?
Thyroid gland
52
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen
53
Where are the smallest bones in the human body located?
Inner ear (Stapes, Incus, Malleus)
54
What is the purpose of the lymphatic system?
Fights infection and maintains fluid balance
55
Which artery supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself?
Coronary artery
56
What is the structure that connects muscle to bone?
Tendon
57
What is the primary function of the cerebrum in the brain?
Controls conscious thoughts, senses, and voluntary movements
58
Which joint allows for movement in all directions, including rotation?
Ball and socket joint (e.g., shoulder and hip joints)
59
What is the medical term for the voice box?
Larynx
60
Define emphysema
Long term progressive illness that causes shortness of breath
61
Define pulmonary odeoma
Accumulation of fluid in the lungs
62
Define acute pneumonia
Lungs are severely inflamed due to seizures
63
When performing resuscitation on an infant patient; what would the compressions to ventilations ratio be for one person CPR in this situation?
30.2
64
What is the EMT taking into consideration when examining the appearance of a newborn?
Normal tone
65
On examination of an adult patient; you find their breathing to be at a rate of 8 breaths per minute, what should you consider in relation to the treatment of this patient?
The patient requires assisted ventilation
66
When doing a cardiac assessment of a patient; you are performing a 3/4 lead ECG; What does PQRST represent?
A heartbeat
67
A neonate is in respiratory distress. There has been no positive response to 5 x PPV's. On assessment of heartrate, it is found to be 50 beats per minute. Your next step should be;
CPR
68
You are treating a patient with agonal respirations. How would you administer Oxygen to this patient?
Bag valve mask
69
How long should it take, after arrival on scene, to complete the primary survey?
1 minute
70
When delivering Positive Pressure Ventilations to a paediatric patient, how many ventilations per minute should you aim to deliver?
12-20
71
When delivering Positive Pressure Ventilations to a paediatric patient, how many ventilations per minute should you aim to deliver?
12-20
72
What can cause neurogenic shock
Spinal injury
73
An item that has been in contact with blood and consequentially may be open to carrying an infection is called.......
A formite
74
What do you call a microorganism in the body that has the potential to cause an infection?
Pathogen
75
What name is given to a disease that can occur at a predictable rate and may always be present in a population?
Endemic
76
An item that has become infected with a blood borne disease is considered a...
Biological hazard
77
Following a submersion incident; patients should be treated in what position?
Recumbent
78
In what situation would you remove an object from an open wound?
Something adhering to the surface of a wound
79
A female patient has given birth and is losing a lot of blood. How do you proceed in your treatment of this patient?
Apply a sterile dressing to the perinium
80
Your patient is ready to give birth, a normal delivery is expected. What do you do ?
Encourage her to breath
81
You have attended a pregnant patient and observed the birth. After the baby is born, you have dried and stimulated the baby; what do you do next?
Check heart rate with a sp02 monitor
82
Where in the body would you expect to find short bones?
The wrist
83
Acute Myocardial Infarction occurs from;
Occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries
84
Who is responsible for filling out recognition of death/cease resuscitation on the PCR?
General practitioner
85
What is the minimum time that should be spent measuring an irregular pulse?
60 seconds
86
A CD cylinder contains how many litres of oxygen?
460
87
A vein can be described as being a
A thin walled vessel bringing blood to the heart
88
According to the Primary Survey Trauma - Adult CPG, what is the maximum time that should be spent on scene with a patient for life-threatening trauma?
10 minutes
89
An incomplete patient care report (PCR) indicates to the reviewer which of the following?
Inadequate patient care was administered
90
Blood is pumped into the aorta, and around the body, from which chamber of the heart?
Left ventricle
91
For a patient in respiratory distress, drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is described as which of the following?
Accessory muscle use
92
How many lobes are in both lungs combined?
5
93
How many lobes is the left lung divided into?
2
94
In an adult patient with a foreign body airway obstruction, positive pressure ventilations should be provided to a maximum of _______ per minute
10
95
In an adult patient, a normal body temperature should be around which of the following temperatures?
37
96
In an oxygen delivery system, what is the regulator responsible for?
a.
Reducing high pressure within the cylinder to a lower pressure to enable delivery to the patient
97
In early stages of inhalation the pressure in the lungs is
Decreased
98
The accuracy of an SpO2 meter can be affected by which of the following?
Strong ambient light
99
The amount of air left in the lungs after a forceful exhalation is called which of the following?
Residual volume
100
The average healthy male has a tidal volume of __________ mL in each breath
500
101
The bone on the ankle side of the lower leg is called what?
Fibula
102
The bone on the thumb side of the lower arm is called what?
Radius
103
The breathing cycle of an adult is normally
inhalation, exhalation and pause
104
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during
Inhalation
105
The hip is _______ to the knee
Proximal
106
The inside of the thigh is _______ to the outside of the thigh
Medial
107
The nature of the problem / injury as determined by the practitioner is called the
Clinical impression
108
The neck is _______ to the pelvis
Superior
109
The normal breathing rate for a child of 4-6 years is
16-24
110
The PHECC Care Principles suggests that the goal of pain management is to _______.
reduce pain to a tolerable level
111
The pulse can be felt where?
an artery passes close to the skin and over a bone
112
What is the maximum number of attempts an EMT should do when inserting an advanced airway
2
113
When an advanced airway has been placed during an adult cardiac arrest, you should ventilate at a rate of ________ breaths per minute
8-10
114
When delivering oxygen through a nasal cannula at 4 litres per minute the percentage of oxygen delivered is
36%
115
When following the care principles recommendations on providing appropriate pain relief the goal is to _______
reduce pain to a tolerable level
116
When inserting an oropharyngeal airway, the OPA should be measured from the angle of the jaw to which of the following?
Centre of the mouth
117
When providing positive pressure ventilations with a BVM to an adult patient, ventilations should be delivered at what maximum rate per minute?
10
118
When treating a patient with respiratory difficulties you have administered O2. You perform a respiratory assessment, and find that an audible wheeze is present. What should you do next?
Administer salbutamol
119
When ventilating a patient using a BVM, the best way to determine adequacy is by which of the following?
Observing chest rise
120
Where does an EMT record information relating to an OHCAR event?
PCR
121
Where does external respiration occur?
Alveoli
122
Where does the process of internal respiration occur?
Tissues
123
Which answer describes the "Anatomical Position"?
Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing forward
124
Duty of Care begins when the Practitioner
Begins treatment on a patient
125
An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by doing which of the following?
a.
Wheezing
b.
Grunting
c.
Retracting the intercostal muscles
d.
Assuming a tripod position
Grunting
126
Febrile seizures in a child are _______
Not considered epileptic
127
In order to maintain the optimal positioning for the airway of an unresponsive child, you should consider which of the following?
a.
Place a towel under their shoulders
b.
Put padding behind their head
c.
Secure their head
d.
Performing a trauma jaw thrust
Place a towel under their shoulders
128
The analogue pain scale is used in paediatric patients aged _______
>8
129
It is recommended that when dealing with a patient with decompression illness they must be carried out at an altitude of < 1000 ft. above the incident site or in an aircraft pressurised equivalent to sea level. Why is this relevant?
Because air changes may be harmful to the patient
130
The paediatric assessment triangle is conducted at which of the following stages of assessment?
Before the AbC assessment
131
The sweet or fruity odour from the breath of a diabetic patient is caused by _______ in the blood
Ketones
132
The tricuspid valve allows blood to travel between which of the following options?
Right atrium and Right ventricle
133
The Wong-Baker scale for assessing paediatric pain is useful in children of what age group?
5,6 and 7 yrs
134
What part of an ECG rhythm represents repolarisation of the ventricles?
T wave
135
What pulse location when palpated indicates a SBP of 80mmHg or greater?
Radial
136
When assessing a patient’s skin which of the following parameters are checked?
Colour, temperature and condition
137
When assessing arm movement of a patient with a suspected stroke, you should do which of the following?
Ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment
138
When dealing with a query Hypothermic patient, how long should you carry out the pulse check for?
30-45 seconds
139
When deoxygenated blood leaves the heart, which of the following valves does it pass through to go to the lungs?
Pulmonary valve
140
Which of the following compression/ventilation ratios apply when a child is greater than or equal to 12 years old, and you are part of a two-rescuer team?
30:2
141
Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary veins
142
Which of the following is the fibrous sac surrounding the heart?
a.
Epicardium
b.
Endocardium
c.
Pericardium
d.
Myocardium
Pericardium
143
Which of the following is the name for the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle?
a.
Bicuspid
b.
Aortic
c.
Tricuspid
d.
Pulmonic
Bicuspid
144
Which of the following options indicates the two main types of stroke (CVA)?
a.
Complete and Partial
b.
Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic
c.
Chemical or Mechanical
d.
Transient and Permanent
Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic
145
Which of the following would be the correct amount of time to apply digital pressure to a patient's nose suffering from epistaxis?
a.
20 minutes
b.
15 minutes
c.
5 minutes
d.
10 minutes
15 minutes
146
You are dealing with a patient who was poisoned and you determine that the substance is most likely an opiate. Which of the following indications would lead you to this decision?
a.
Absent or inadequate ventilations
b.
Perfuse sweating
c.
Temperature of 35.8
d.
Blood glucose level of 3.2 mmol/L
Absent or inadequate ventilation
147
Burns are classified according to their what?
a.
Location and pain
b.
Total body surface area and location
c.
Degree and location
d.
Depth and total body surface area
Depth and total body surface area
148
Hypoperfusion can also be called which of the following?
a.
Hypoxaemia.
b.
Cyanosis.
c.
Cellular death.
d.
Shock.
Shock
149
The electrical pathway through the heart follows which of the following routes?
a.
SA Node – Bundle of his – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres – AV node
b.
SA Node – Perkinje fibres – Bundle of his – AV node – Left and Right Bundle branches
c.
SA Node – AV node – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres – Bundle of his
d.
SA Node – AV node – Bundle of his – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres
SA Node – AV node – Bundle of his – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres
150
The main pacemaker of the heart is called what?
a.
Bundle of his
b.
Purkinje fibres
c.
Atrioventricular node
d.
Sinoatrial node
Sinoatrial node
151
The pressure created when the heart contracts and forces blood into the arteries is called which of the following?
a.
Resting blood pressure
b.
Regular blood pressure
c.
Systolic blood pressure
d.
Diastolic blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure
152
What part of the body is affected by a haemothorax?
a.
Brain
b.
Lungs
c.
Liver
d.
Pelvis
Lungs
153
When providing pain relief an EMT should _______
a.
have patients confirm administration of medications by having them counter sign the PCR
b.
only give pain medications when approved by ALS
c.
take cognisance of immediate and short-term pain management requirements
d.
ensure that multiple medications are not given at the same time
take cognisance of immediate and short-term pain management requirements
154
Which of the following injuries would result in haemorrhagic shock?
a.
Bleeding nose
b.
Liver laceration
c.
Scalp wound
d.
Contusion
Liver laceration
155
Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain?
a.
Autonomic
b.
Smooth
c.
Skeletal
d.
Cardiac
Skeletal
156
With reviewing the percentage values for the paediatric rule of nines against the adult values, which of the following is correct?
a.
Head value is proportionately smaller
b.
Arm value is proportionately larger
c.
Thorax value is proportionately larger
d.
Leg value is proportionately smaller
Leg value is proportionately smaller
