Random Questions Flashcards by Josh Abejero

Risk of bleeding of IV TPA based on NINDS

3%
6%
2%
8%

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Benefit of giving IV TPA within 3 hrs.

A. 30 % little or no deficit in 3 months
B. 30% little or no deficit in 1 month
C. 40% little or no deficit in 1 month
D. 40% little or no deficit in 3 months

A. Remember RULE OF 3. From NINDS trial

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The ff are hormones are secreted by basophilic cells except:
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. FSH
D. LH

TSH, GH, Prolactin from chromophobe / eosonophilic cells

Basophilic: ACTH, FSH, LH

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T/F. True rossettes is more common than pseudorosettes in ependymoma.

False. Pseudorosettes more common

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Most common type of diffuse astrocytoma:
A. Gemistocytic
B. Pleomorphic
C. Fibrillary
D. Protoplasmic

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Distinguishing feature of glioblastoma from anaplastic astrocytoma EXCEPT

A. Inc mitotic activity & hypercellularity
B. Anaplasia of nonneural elements
C. Necrosis
D. Microvascularization

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The following are supplied by the anterior choroidal artery except:

Choroid plexus in the temporal lobe
Globus pallidus
Posterior internal capsule
Caudate nucleus

Caudate nucleus

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Heubner and Anterior choroidal arteries are branches of __________ and __________ respectively.

A. MCA and ACA
B. MCA and ICA
C. MCA and PCA
D. ACA and ICA
E. ICA and MCA

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KATZUNG

Most common neurologic abnormality in chronic alcoholism
A. Optic neuropathy
B. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
C. Peripheral polyneuropathy 
D. Pellagra

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Blackouts (period of memory loss that occurs with high levels of alcohol), result from inhibition of ability of glutamate activation of ____ subtype of glutamate receptors

A. AMPA
B. NMDA
C. Both

B. NMDA

alcohol withdrawal seizures ay dahil din sa upregulation ng NMDA subtype glutamate receptors!

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T/F. Hypnotic effect of dexmedetomidine results from inhibition of alpha 2 receptors in the locus ceruleus

FALSE

Alpha 2 agonist sya so, stimulation imbes na inhibition!

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Connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus

Stria medullaris
Stria terminalis
Fornix
Corpus callosum
Diagonal band of broca

Fornix

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T or F. Dentate and hippocampal gyrus have 3 layers in their cortex.

TRUE

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Key histologic feature/s of ependymoma

A. True ependymal rosettes
B. Perivascular pseudorosettes
C. Both

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T/F: Supratentorial ependymomas predominantly occur in adults, infratentorial predominate in children.

FALSE.
Trick question. Both Adams at Greenfields:
Supratentorial in all age groups
Infratentorial predominate in children
Spinal ependymoma usually present in adults.

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Adams

Most common site/s of oligodendroglioma

A. Frontal
B. Temporal
C. Parietal
D. A and B
E. B &amp; C
F. A &amp; C

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T/F: Prognosis of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are significantly better when compared with malignant astrocytic tumors.

True

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T/F: Fasciculus cuneatus and gracilis runs through the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.

False. Fasciculus cuneatus ONLY

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Classical location of pilocytic astrocytoma in the cerebral hemisphere
A. Medial Temporal lobe
B. Inferior frontal
C. Lateral parietal
D. Occipital

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Greenfields

Most frequent brain tumor in infants
A. Ependymoma
B. Medulloblastoma
C. Pilocytic astrocytoma
D. PNET

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Greenfields

Cardinal diagnostic histological features of glioblastoma are

A. Necrosis and hemorrhage
B. Necrosis and microvascular proliferation
C. Hemorrhage and microvascular proliferation
D. Necrosis, hemorrhage, microvascular proliferation

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Adams. Stroke.

The following are conditions to do a carotid endarterectomy in a patient with symptomatic carotid stenosis except

A. With TIA and small stroke
B. 70% stenosis
C. Patent contralateral carotid artery
D. Less than 75 years old

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D
Symptomatic= small strokes and TIA, with 70% stenosis with patent contralateral carotid artery. Age is not a factor. Fact is mas mataas daw benefit sa more than 75.

ADAMS. Stroke. Conditions to be considered in doing endarterectomy in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis EXCEPT

A. Age
B. Sex
C. Degree of stenosis
D. Risk of surgery

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A. AGE

Sex–> should be done on male only. In studies, increased ang risk ng stroke sa men with asympt stenosis but not in women.

Degree of stenosis: AT LEAST 60% stenosis.

Risk of surgery: should be less than 3% risk.

Adams. Alcohol.

The critical stahe in gestation where the various teratogenic effects in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome occur is still vague but estimated to occur during the first

A. 4 weeks
B. 8 weeks
C. 12 weeks
D. 16 weeks

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Adams. Stroke. Radiographic sign for carotid dissection. A. String of beans B. String sign C. Puff of smoke D. Anterior temporal white matter change

KATZUNG. ALcohol ``` Primary treatment for alcohol dependence A. naltrexone B. Acamprosate C. disulfiram D. Psychosocial therapy ```

Katzung ``` The ff produces acetylcholine EXCEPT: A. Ventral tegmental area B. Diagonal band of Broca C. Nucelus basalis of Meynert D. Medial septal nuclei ```

A. Nuclei related to NT: Dopamine: SN, ventral tegmentum Serotonin: median raphe nuclei Norepinephrine: locus ceruleus, adrenergic brainstem nuclei Ach: Diagonal band of Broca, Nucelus basalis of Meynert, Medial septal nuclei, cholinergic brainstem nuclei

KATZUNG. GA. Frank clinical seizure observed with A. Enflurane B. Isoflurane C. Sevoflurane D. Nitrous oxide

A. Enflurane

KATZUNG. GA. T/F. Anesthetics potentiate inhibitory effects in the CNS more strongly than it impairs excitatory transmission.

FALSE Mas potent ang impairment of excitatory transmission.

KATZUNG. GA. IV anesthetic that inhibits NMDA receptor complex A. Etomidate B. Thiopental C. Ketamine D. Propofol

C. Ketamine propofol, thiopental (barbiturate) at etomidate ay GABA activators Ang unique pa sa Ketamine Sya lang ang cerebral vasodilator and increase cerebral blood flow Ang barbiturate at etomidate cerebral vasoconstrictor, ang propofol at BZD decrease cerebral blood flow

Katzung. AEDs AED that acts inhibits reuptake of GABA presynaptically and in glial cells. A. Vigabatrin B. Tiagabine C. Felbamate D. Perampanel

B. Tiagabine : reuptake of GABA Vigabatrin: irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase Felbamate: NMDA blocker PerAMPAnel: AMPA antagonist

Dissociative anesthesia, wherein the patient's eyes remain open with a slow nystagmic gaze(cataplectic state) is seen in A. Etomidate B. Methohexital C. Ketamine D. Propofol

C. Ketamine : "kita"mine eyes open while in anesthesia Etomidate - spontaneous myoclonus, also activate sz foci Methohexital - activates epileptic foci, may be used to ID epileptic foci during sx

Adams. Stroke. Gene affected in CADASIL A. HTAR1 B. Notch3 C. Adamts13 D. HTAR2

Notch3

SSP. Stroke. T/F. Hemorrhagic stroke is more common than ischemic stroke in the philippines, unlike in western countries.

F. Ishemic stroke pa rin. Although, the proportion of hemorrhagic strokes in ASIANS is higher compared to westerns.

Adams. Headache. | T/F: Caffeine potentiates the effect of medications for migraine.

True

Katzung. Movement CNS ``` Braak stage at which motor features of PD develop. Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 ```

Stage 3. Remember Braak staging of alpha synuclein Stage 1: olfactory nucleus & lower brainstem Stage 2: higher brainstem Stage 3: substantia nigra Stage 4: mesocortex & thalamus Stage 5: neocortex

Adams. Headache. ``` Which of the following classes of medications have been found to be helpful for migrain prophylaxis? A. CCB B. Pure SSRI C. Beta-blocker D. Potassium supplements E. A,B,C F. A,C G.B,D H.AOTA ```

SSP. Balint syndrome except. ``` Cortical blindness Simultagnosia Optic ataxia Ocular apraxia NOTA ```

Cortical blindness

Afifi. Anatomy. Which of the following is true about myelination? A. Motor pathway myelinate before sensory pathway. B. Association pathways myelinate before projection pathway. C. Frontal poles myelinate before occipital poles. D. Posterior limb of the internal capsule myelinate before the anterior limb.

Afifi. Anatomy. ``` All of the following are alar plate derivatives except A. Nucleus ambiguus B. Nucleus solitarius C. Spinal trigeminal nucleus D. Thalamus ```

A Alar plates assoc sensory nucleus Basal plates assoc motor nucleus

Carpenter Thalamic nucleus concerned with gustatory sensation A. VPL pars oralis B. VPL pars caudalis C. VPM pars parvicellularis D. VPI

VPM

Greenfields Matching type. Match CNS tumor most associated with hereditary tumor syndrome (di na kasama NF alam nyo na yun) 1. VHL 2. Li Fraumeni 3. Tuberous sclerosis 4. Cowden 5. Turcot 6. Gorlin ``` A. Medulloblastoma B. Glioblastoma C. SEGA D. Hemangioblastoma E. Lhermitte-Duclos F. Astrocytoma ```

1-D VHL - Hemangioblastoma 2-B/F Li Fraumeni usu astrocytic Pwede ding PNET 3-C TS = SEGA 4-E Cowden,sabi almost pathognomonic ang Lhermitte-Duclos 5-A/B Turcot = most freq medulloblastoma or glioblastoma 6-A Gorlin = Medulloblastoma (major criteria)

Carpenter. Anatomy. The nucleus that lies beneath the clava conveys A. Conscious proprioception from upper limbs B. " " From lower limbs C. Pain and thermal sense from the face D. " " " From the trunk

B Below the clava is nucleus gracilis

Adams. Demyelinating Alemtuzumab for MS, mechanism of action: ``` A. Anti CD20 B. Anti CD52 C. Anti MBP D. Anti Alpha integren E. A and C. ```

Anti-CD20-- rituximab (lam nyo na to) aLEM(a)TU(two)zemab -- cd52 Natali(zud si JC)mab--> anti Alpha integrin, but number cause of PML (of JC virus) Glatiramer--> similar to MBP

Adams In Oligodendrogliomas, loss of 1p is ___ A. Associated with longer survival B. Predictive of high responsiveness to PCV chemo C. Both

B 19q: assoc w/ longer survival

Characteristics of NMO except ``` No inflammation in the lesion No cerebral involvement Optic nerve involvement Aquaporin Ab None of the above ```

No cerebral involvement

Adams. Characteristic of ADEM except ``` Similar histology with MS Bilateral cerebral involvement Optic nerve involvement Multifocal meningial inflammation Viral causation ```

Optic nerve involvement

Adams. Gene implicated in MS. HLA DR5 DR6 DR10 DR20

DR6

Random Questions Flashcards

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