Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Behavorial Medicine > Random questions for Exam 1 > Flashcards

Random questions for Exam 1 Flashcards

(87 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

consensus trance

A

“the sleep of everyday life” - induced into state of trance by the environment to which we have become accustomed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

guiding values for fruitful conversation

A

commit to quality care, trustworthy and timely communication, heart centered listening and truth telling, a lack of denial, proactive and ongoing decision making

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

empathy

A

the capacity to think and feel yourself into the inner life of another person (a recognition of self in another)
YOU HAVE TO WELL GROUNDED TO BE EMPATHETIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dave Myers

A

Research on “Happiness” - 5 factors leading to happiness - work/leisure leading to flow, finding meaning in religion, supportive relationships, physical health, and helping others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Patients are more likely to cooperate when….

A

perceive high severity of illness and consequences, feel highly susceptible to the disease, are capable of performing risk reducing behavior, and are confident the treatment will reduce risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

You should view noncompliance as a _____

A

symptom requiring exploration into cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Patients are most receptive to information and education about conditions and treatment in the _______

A

preparation and action stages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

change is a _____ not an ______

A

process; event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_____ change processes help people move through the early stages of change

A

cognitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

______ change processes help people move through the later stages of change

A

behavioral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in the preparation stage, you should ask the patient about setting a specific ______ for change

A

date

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the goal of relapse is that the patient will…

A

communicate HONESTLY with the physician

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

common interviewing errors

A

inadvertantly shaming or embarrassing patient, blaming the patient, drawing premature conclusions, assuming common understanding, spending too much common chit chat time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when you should start to engage the patient?

A

IMMEDIATELY (based on mutual trust and respect)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

evocative questions

A

calls forth something in the patient, these are typically open ended questions, helps clinician gather self motivational statements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

types of reflection

A

repeating (simplest form, diffuses resistance), rephrasing (alter words to lift up/draw attention to meaning behind words), empathic reflection (hard to imagine being in your dilemma), reframing (giving a different point of emphasis), double sided reflection (acknowledging both sides of ambivalence)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Core interviewing skills - OARS

A

open ended questions, affirming by other and self, reframing, summarizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

principles for motivational interviewing

A

express empathy, develop discrepancy (difference between current behavior and future goals), avoid argumentation, roll with resistance, and support self efficacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

freud’s topograthic model

A

conscious mind, preconscious mind, unconscious mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

most of what drives human behavior is…

A

unconscious and irrational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Freud’s structure of the mind

A

Id (instinctual drives of sexual and aggression) , ego (mediator, find socially acceptable way to gratify Id), and superego (conscience)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

psychological and behavioral symptoms often reflect…

A

compromises made by ego, harsh injunctions imposed by superego, unrecognized or unmet instinctual drives of Id

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Freud’s psychosexual development

A

oral (0-1), anal (1-3), phaelic-oadipic (3-5, penis focus of attention, child also noticed parents have exclusive relationship [this bothers them]), latency (school age, not a formal stage), and genital (early adolescence through adulthood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Margaret Mahler

A

Normal symbiosis (1-5 months, recognition of mom, together we are one), Separation-Individuation (hatching [5-10, recognition of facial features, see world, stranger anxiety], practicing [10-16, start to walk and explore, separation anxiety], rapprochement [16-24, time of great ambivalence for child and frustration for mom - child wants to be close to mom and separate at the same time]), Object constancy (24-36 months, able to focus on whole object not just parts, differentiation is complete and splitting is less predominant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Differentiation is complete and splitting becomes less dominant during...
the object constancy stage (Mahler)
26
Erik Erikson's Psyochosocial stages of development
1. Trust vs Mistrust (0-1) 2. Autonomy vs Shame (1-3) [associated with terrible 2's] 3. Initiative vs Guilt (3-5) 4. Industry vs Inferiority (5-11 [dev. of self esteem, comparing to others] 5. Identity vs Role Confusion (11-21) 6. Intimacy vs Isolation (21-40) 7. Generativity vs Stagnation (40-60) 8. Integrity vs Despir (60 to death)
27
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
Sensorimotor (0-2, learn to coordinate sensory input with motor output), preoperational (2-6, object permanence is mastered, ego-centrism), concrete operational (6-12, use logic to manipulate objects and perform actions, able to consider several objects at once, declining ego-centrism), formal operational (12-19, abstract thought & formal deductive reasoning) -as few as 30-40% of people reach formal operational by early 20s
28
Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning
Level 1: Preconventional Stage 1: Heteronomous morality (end of preschool, do right to avoid punishment) Stage 2: Instrumental morality (7-8, interest in fairness, want to serve own needs) Level 2: Conventional Stage 3: Good-child morality (10-11, do right to be a good person and care for others) Stage 4: Law and order mentality (late adolescence/early 20s, do right to follow law and help society/group as a whole) Level 3: Postconventional Stage 5: Social-contract reasoning (early adulthood, do right to abide by social contract that promotes everyone's welfare) Stage 6: Universal principles (principles override law in case of conflict, do right to validate universal moral principles)
29
Carol Gilligan
Critiqued Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning -had only male participants -said women tend to reason more out of morality of care -also said women are more reluctant to judge -not upheld with subsequent research
30
what two behaviors of attachment are not often seen in abused children?
proximity-seeking and separation protest
31
attachment bonds are....
person-specific, emotionally significant, and persistent
32
secure attachment foster....
exploration and separation
33
insecure attachment inhibits
exploration and separation
34
mirroring
child perceives image of themself in caregiver's response and is able to make sense of self (internalizes this image) - mirroring promotes self expression, empathy, and the capacity to mentalize
35
mentalizing
the process of making sense of one's own mind and the mind of others
36
Edward Tronick
Still Face experiment
37
working models
internalized mental representations of early experienced interaction patterns with attachment figures that help regulate, interpret, and predict behavior
38
bowlby on attachment loss
we are designed to resist prolonged separation and the giving up of primary attachment figures
39
abusive caregivers
heighten attachment needs, but provide minimal safe haven and secure base
40
primary predictors of depression
hereditary, severe situational stress, early attachment trauma resulting in loss, abuse, and/or neglect
41
bowlby hypothesis'
1. behavioral patterns of seeking care and expressing emotions form as a function of the mother's response to the child. 2. the patterns that become preferred are those that provide some measure of felt security.
42
Mary Ainstworth
3 patterns/styles of attachment - secure (low anxiety, high attachment), anxious/ambivalent (high anxiety, high attachment), and avoidant (low anxiety and low attachment) -a four pattern was added later: disorganized (high anxiety and low attachment)
43
what is the single most important thing to foster mentalizing (making sense of self and others mind)?
a secure attachment (the ability to mentalize allows oneself to be able to consider behavior from multiple perspectives)
44
reorganization
between 18 months and 6 years, disorganized infants (high anxiety, low attachment) tend to reorganize their attachment behaviors into controlling attachment behaviors toward the parent
45
Mary Main
Adult Attachment Interview - mother's who are aware of their own attachment processes are more likely to be sensitive to child's attachment needs - attachment styles of parents also tend to passed on
46
major task of infancy
to learn trust through appropriate and attuned responsiveness leading to a secure attachment (Trust vs Mistrust)
47
sensitive and attuned parenting
are aware of baby's signals, can accurate interpret baby's signals, respond to them appropriately and promptly --> infants will cry less, be more obedient, and be able to communicate better
48
parenting for an infant
the parent should be neither too intrusive nor too withdrawn - they should be a catalyst for the child's emerging abilities
49
peek-a-boo helps develop
object permanence and is also a way to help practice separation from a parent
50
self-awareness age
15-18 months, rough and mirror experiment
51
Toddler
18 months - 3 years, self assertion and increasing bodily control and self regulation (Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt), be able to assert own will but also relax own will
52
Assertion
terrible two's, child says "no" as an assertion of will and self definition --> parents should ignore temper trantrums and never give in or take it personally
53
Pre-school
3-5 years (Initiative vs Guilt), pleasure and pride; guilt; conscience -sex role identity
54
the major task of childhood
to become capable and competent | -Industry vs Inferiority (learn a body of knowledge and skills and learn how to apply them with competence)
55
parental challenge of childhood (school age)
- to let go, be supportive, and be neither too involved or under-involved - encourage learning and education
56
chief concern of school age children
school failure and peer rejection
57
Stress induced behavior is often ______
regressive
58
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
second hand smoke, stress, teenage mother, sleeping on stomach
59
Common areas affected for challenging children
feeding, bedtime, cuddling, playful interaction
60
Enuresis (primary and secondary)
Primary enuresis - child never able to attain dryness | Secondary enuresis - child attained dryness and now continues to wet them self
61
Encopresis
bowel incontinence after control has been achieved, more common in boys, more serious than enuresis
62
Pica
an appetite for ingesting items with no nutritional value in children > 18-24 months -often starts around 2
63
red flags for children
setting fires, violent behavior, animal cruelty
64
early adolescence (10-13)
marked by quest to attain autonomy from family, feeling of opposite sex attraction may start, anxieties about body changes are common
65
middle adolescence (14-17)
less interest in parents and more in peers, friends of both sexes, conformity with a peer group is of central importance, sense of omnipotence and mortality (leads to risk taking)
66
late adolescence (17-21)
relationships with parents are renegotiated, values mirror families values, interests are more stable
67
synaptic pruining
gray matter increases in early puberty and then decreases in late adolescence (stop doing stupid high risk activities that could get you in trouble or badly hurt)
68
deviancy training
if an adolescent's close friends engage in deviant behavior, that adolescent is more likely to do so as well
69
Conflict between child and parent tend to peak during ____
early adolescence (10-13)
70
ideal parenting is ______
authoritative (not controlling or permissive)
71
Identity diffusion
no exploration, no commitment
72
Moratorium
exploration, no commitment
73
Foreclosure
no exploration, commitment
74
Identity achievement
exploration and commitment (56% by age 24)
75
Jean Phinney's stages ethnic identity development
unexamined ethnic identity (conform to majority), ethnic identity search (initiated by experience of rejection/humiliation), ethnic identity achievement (self confidence in identity)
76
Richard Troiden's stages of sexual minority identity
sensitization (feeling different), self recognition (identity confusion), identity assumption, commitment (identity integration)
77
intersex
old term hermaphrodite , both genitalia
78
Sex typed
males - high masculinity, low femininity | females - high femininity, low masculinity
79
Cross sex typed
females with high masc, low fem | males with high fem, low masc
80
androgynous
males and females with high masc, high fem
81
undifferentiated
males and females with low masc, low fem
82
transgender
identity is sex opposite of biological gender, may be of any sexual orientation, transgender is an adjective (he is transgender) -transsexual, androgynous, bigender, cross-dresser (old term transvestite)
83
Gender variance is not a _____
disorder - gender identity disorder in DSM-IV was replaced by gender dysphoria in DSM-V - DSM-V emphasizes distress is only experienced as a result of gender indentity
84
Kinsey scale
rated 0-6 from hetero to homo
85
Multivariate model
seven variables (sexual behavior, emotional attractions, sexual fantasies, sexual attraction, social preference, lifestyle/social world/community, self-identification) rated 0-6 from hetero to homo
86
integrative process of identity development for LGBT people (Bruce Koff)
awareness stage (becoming conscious and then feeling bad about it - resolution is the acceptance of these feelings within self), acknowledgment stage (movement from acknowledging self to getting from others - resolution is increased self acceptance and skillful coping with others responses), exploration stage (awkwardness and intensity in relationships - resolution is increased capacity for intimacy and stability in relationships), Intimacy stage (increasing stability in friendships and relationships, consistent effective coping), Integration stage (energy directed into new areas of life, acknowledgment of gains and losses along the journey)
87
Internalized homophobia
occurs when LGBT person incorporates repeated negative messages and images about same-sex orientation into his/her self concept

Behavorial Medicine (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions