RANDOM SHIT TO KNOW Flashcards
(25 cards)
J’aime beaucoup les fleurs. / Je n’aime pas beaucoup les fleurs. (no change, b/c definite article)
Il mange une orange. / Il ne mange pas d’orange.
(une => d’)
the infinitive/partitive article (un/une/des/du/de la/de l’) becomes (de/d’) during negation EXCEPT with “être”
Qu’est-ce qu’il y a dans cette recette?
Answer:
“Il y a” + (beaucoup de, assez de, trop de, etc.) + 1 food item
Est-ce que vous êtes prêt(e) à commander?
Oui, comme entrée, je voudrais…
Comme plat principal, je voudrais…
Comme dessert, je vais prendre…
À boire, j’aimerais avoir…
“beau”, “nouveau”, “vieux”
*appear BEFORE the noun* typically feminine is belle/belles typically masculine is beau/beaux if masculine begins with silent h or vowel, we use "bel" ex: "bel homme"
likewise:
nouvelle/nouvelles for feminine
nouveau/nouveaux for masculine
“nouvel” for masc. beginning with silent h or vowel
and:
vieille - fem.
vieux - masc.
vieil - mass with h or vowel
past participles
for verbs ending in -er => -é
for verbs ending in -ir => i
for verbs ending in -dre => u/is
object pronouns
definitite articles (la, le, les) as well as (ma, nos) and (ce, cette) remain
indefinite/partitive articles (des, du, un), as well as numbers and other quantifiers BECOME: EN
des –> de
In written French, the indefinite “des” becomes “de” when the adjective precedes the noun.
Ex: Il a de beaux yeux bleus.
negating adverb
ne pas/jamais/rien/etc. always placed immediately before and after the verb (the auxiliary in the case of passé compose)
Ex: Il ne chante jamais.
Il n’a pas chanté hier soir.
Reflexive verbs in passé composé
ALWAYS USE ÊTRE
DR MRS VANDERTRAMP
THESE VERBS USE ETRE:
Descendre Rester Monter Rentrer Sortir Venir Aller Naître Devenir Entrer Revenir Tomber Retourner Arriver Mourir Partir
agreement of past participle
PAST PARTICIPLE AGREES with the noun it qualifies ONLY if it is placed AFTER THE NOUN
EX: La mère a habillé (no change)
les filles.
La mère les a habillées (agreement).
VERBS USING ÊTRE ALWAYS AGREE W/SUBJECT
pendant
used with precise, definite lengths of time
means “for, during”
depuis
used with indefinite, continuous lengths of time. actions that started in the past and are still continuing in the present
means “for, since”
il y a
used only with the passé compose and indicates an event that took place in the past
means “ago”
de
describes:
- nature of something/its function
- a particular purpose
- it’s material
en
means “made of”
pour
means “made for”
made for children, men, etc.
pendant que
while
Ex: il mange pendant que je parle
depuis que
since
Ex: depuis qu’il a dormi, il se sent mieux
Rentrer
means “to go back home or to go back inside”
=> re-enter?
revenir
to come back HERE
=> re-venir
retourner
to come back to the starting point
(specifically NOT here)
=> return, but somewhere that isn’t here
conjugation of the imperfect
- ais -ions
- ais -iez
- ait -aient
SILENT E SHIT
RULE NO 1: E is dropped in the middle of two consonants and at the end of a word
Ex: petits pois (more like ptits pois) and céleri (more like célri) and semaine (more like smaine)
RULE NO 2: pronounce the E at the end of the word if it’s sandwiched between a bunch of consonants
ex: un livrE passionnant
Rule No 3: in “je ne, ce ne, de ne, etc.” the E in JE is always pronounced, the second is dropped
Rule No 4: in “ce que” the E in QUE is always pronounced, the e in ce is dropped
** je suis => SCHUI**
