Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Random > Random Uworld 8/12 > Flashcards

Random Uworld 8/12 Flashcards

(140 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Osteomyelitis without fever or leukocytosis?

A

Sure
Indolent

Tenderness is best sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

another urease producing bacterium that can cause alkalotic urine and struvite stones other than proteus

A

Klebsiella

also urease producing and urine alkalinizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

antigen 19-9 is…

A

pancreatic cancer… not sensitive enough for screening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TF

abstain from coitus with placenta previa, even early at 20 weeks

A

T
penile contact with cervix can disturb… cervix does not have to be dilated

no digital vaginal exams either

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

guy with history of asthma gets MI, started on aspirin metoprolol and lisinopril, gets a cough

which med responsible for cough

A

any of them

aspirin can exacerbate asthma especially with chronic rhinitis and nasal polyps

cardioselective beta1 blockers not as likely as non-selective but still can exacerbate asthma

acei angioedema you know

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

TF

need fever and guarding/rebound tenderness to suggest spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

A

F
temp ^100.0
abdominal pain/tenderness but does not have to be peritonitic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how can spontaneous bacterial peritonitis manifest on abdominal xr
why

A

dilated loops of large bowel with air in colon and rectum

paralytic ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sounds PID-ish but now there is pleuritic RUQ pain

think
treat

A 
perihepatitis/fitz-hugh-curtis disease
from PID (GC)

treat the PID with hospitalization and the usual (ceftri plus azythro or doxy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

you are thinking acute viral hepatitis for RUQ pain with recent travel… what skin and stool findings do you look for

A

jaundice

changes in stool color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

why can get hypotension with epidural in labor

A

bock nerves including sympathetics, vasodilation, venous pooling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pt v40yo, low back pain worse at night improves with exercise, dyspnea on exertion, inflammation at tendon insertions, systemic fever chills weight loss fatigue, eye pain photophobia blurry vision… maybe even IBD or aortic regurge….

think
PFTs
serum marker

A

ankylosing spondylitis

sacroiliitis
limited spine mobility and chest (fixed chest but not pulmonary fibrosis usually, but sometimes)
expansion
enthesitis
uveitis

restrictive pft pattern
HLA-B27 serum marker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
pernicious anemia
demographic
disease association
tongue findings
neuro findings
smear
smear if severe
A

most common cause of B12 deficiency in Whites with
Northern European backgrounds especially

AI disease - eg thyroiditis and vitiligo

shiny tongue (atrophic glossitis)

shuffling broad based gate (ataxia) and position and vibratory sense abnorms

megaloblastic anemia - megaloblasts and hypersegmented neutrophils

thrombocytopenia and leukopenia too if severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how many years of pure vegan diet to delete b12 stores (b12 found only in meat and dairy)

A

5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 major side effects of isoniazid

A

peripheral neuropathy and hepatotoxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q 
megaloblastic anemia
atrophic glossitis (shiny tongue)
vitiligo
thyroid disease
neurologic abnormalities

think
what demo

A

pernicious anemia

whites with northern european ancestry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Normal post void residual (ml) male vs female

A

v50 male

v150 female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Preggo confusion falling nausea vomiting nystagmus low chloride high bicarb… maybe hypokalemia hypoglycemia elevated transaminases

Think
Treat

A 
Wernicke encephalopathy
-ams gait ataxia nystagmus
From thiamine deficiency
From hyperemesis gravidarum
-dehydration, hypochloremic hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis elevated transams from vomiting

Treat with fluids antiemetics Thiamine Then glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Suspect acute fatty liver of pregnancy given nausea vomiting hypoglycemia elevated transaminases starting when in pregnancy

A

3rd trimester for acute fatty liver of pregnancy… so after like 24 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Young woman knee pain xr shows expansile and eccentrically placed lytic lesion of epiphysis of distal femur or proximal tibia aka _____ appearance

suggests
Prognosis
Treatment

A

aka “Soap bubble” appearance
(expansile and eccentrically placed lytic lesion of epiphysis of long bone)

Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
(tumor of osteoclasts)

Benign but locally aggressive

Curettage and bone grafting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hyperparathyroidism from parathyroid carcinoma causing widespread bone resorption and replacement with fibrosis (brown tumors) describes this condition

A

Osteotis fribrosis cystica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sclerotic cortical bone lesion with central lucency, pain worse at night not related to activity, improves with nsaids suggests

A

Osteoid osteoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fetal growth restriction defined by what weight percentile

A

v10th percentile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TF
well controlled hypertension in pregnancy can still cause fetal growth restriction

What pattern of fgr does hypertension cause

A

T
even well controlled can still cause spiral artery abnorms and fgr

Assymmetric fgr (abdomen relatively smaller than head… because abdominal growth happens 2nd 3rd trimesters and if htn or another placental insufficiecy blood to head and chest will be prioritized

vs Symmetric fgr in congenital disorders or infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

TF

Caffeine assoc with fetal growth restriction

A

F

Not caffeine… Smoking alcohol cocaine though yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
4 main substrates for gluconeogenesis Where they come from Where they enter pathway
Alanine from muscle breakdown, converted to pyruvate Glutamine from muscle breakdown, enters kreb cycle Glycerol3phosphate, from fat breakdown, enters higher up than pyruvate Lactate from anaerobic metabolism, converted to puruvate
26
TF | Intensive bp control for diabetic nephropathy
T The most important factor to slow progression v130/80 for diabetic nephropathy v140/90 for dm in general So start acei arb (carefully because can acutely decrease gfr)
27
How to know large axonopathy vs small axonopathy in diabetic neuropathy
Small axonopathy positive symptoms pain paresthesias allodynoa Large axonopathy Negative symptoms numbness loss of vibratory and proprioception loss of ankle reflexes
28
What serum pH to give bicarb for gap metabolic acidosis for underlying reason that has been resolved (eg seizure since stabilized)
v7.1 give bicarb | Otherwise recheck q2h... should resolve unless underlying reason not addressed yet
29
4 compx of epo administration
Worsening htn Headaches Flu-like symptoms red cell aplasia rare
30
Give epo in ckd if hb and hct are
v10 or 30%
31
Differentiate Hashimoto thyroiditis Painless thyroiditis Dequervain thyroiditis ``` By Aka hypo vs hyperthyroid symptoms Tenderness TPO antigen positivity RadioIodine uptake ESR CRP elevation ```
Hashimoto thyroiditis - chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroid, tpo ab positive, riu variable Painless thyroiditis - silent thyroiditis (variant of chronic ai hashimoto thyroiditis), mild brief spontaneously recovered hyperthyroid, nontender, positive tpo ab, low riu Dequervain thyroiditis - subacute granulomatous thyroiditis, postviral fever and hyperthyroid, tender, elevated esr crp, low riu
32
Graves is ___thyroidism
Graves is HYPERthyroidism
33
Strumaovarii is ___toxicosis from __ production by ___
Strumaovarii is THYROtoxicosis from THYROID HORMONE production by OVARIAN TERATOMA
34
How to decide if esophageal injury from caustic ingestion in hemodynamically stable patient requires supportive care or tube feeds and possible surgery (esophagectomy)
EGD within 12-24 hours to assess extent if damage
35
TF | Activated Charcoal for Lye ingestion
F Lye (hydroxide, alkalai) causes mucosal contact damage, not systemic absorption damage Activated charcoal prevents systemic absorption poison damage
36
Follow up atypical glandular cells on pap What are you evaluating for
Colposcopy Endometrial curettage Endometrial biopsy Cervical OR Endometrial Adenocarcinoma
37
LEEP is a type of ____ that removes the ____
LEEP is a type of Cone Biopsy that removes the Transformation Zone
38
Pork consumption or travel Seizures Ring enhancing, non enhancing, and calcified brain mri lesions Think Treat
NeuroCysticercosis Albendazole (diff brain lesions depending on stage of cyst)
39
MAC symptoms Treatment
GI and Pulm symptoms Clarythromycin and Ethambutol (but ppx with azythromycin...)
40
TF | TB can have a diffuse reticulonodular pattern on cxr
T | Miliary tb
41
Mycoplasma pna symptoms usually limited to ___ weeks
2-3 weeks
42
treat old guy with ams glucose 1000 normal pH bicarb gap Stepwise, Most Important Initial Step
HHS 1 AGGRESSIVE NS IV FLUID REPLACEMENT -very hyperosmolar which prob also caused tons diuresis and dehydration so THIS FIRST 2 IV IV IV IVIVIVIV INSULIN 3 Watch K supplement if v5.3
43
Follow up atypical glandular cells on pap What are you evaluating for
Colposcopy Endometrial curettage Endometrial biopsy Cervical OR Endometrial Adenocarcinoma
44
LEEP is a type of ____ that removes the ____
LEEP is a type of Cone Biopsy that removes the Transformation Zone
45
Pork consumption or travel Seizures Ring enhancing, non enhancing, and calcified brain mri lesions Think Treat
NeuroCysticercosis Albendazole (diff brain lesions depending on stage of cyst)
46
MAC symptoms Treatment
GI and Pulm symptoms Clarythromycin and Ethambutol (but ppx with azythromycin...)
47
TF | TB can have a diffuse reticulonodular pattern on cxr
T | Miliary tb
48
Mycoplasma pna symptoms usually limited to ___ weeks
2-3 weeks
49
treat old guy with ams glucose 1000 normal pH bicarb gap Stepwise, Most Important Initial Step
HHS 1 AGGRESSIVE NS IV FLUID REPLACEMENT -very hyperosmolar which prob also caused tons diuresis and dehydration so THIS FIRST 2 IV IV IV IVIVIVIV INSULIN 3 Watch K supplement if v5.3
50
15 yo girl concerned about what is porbably a fibroadenoma of the breast. Reassure and do nothing or follow up after next menses?
Follow up If improved reassure If persistent, ultrasound. If fibroadenoma, reassure
51
Treat woman with breast engorgement seeking lactation suppression after her baby died
Bra Ice packs Nsaids Avoid stim No medical suppression -- engorgement provides its own negative feedback and suppression will happen And eg bromocriptine dopamine agonism has side effects
52
What to do for kid with elevated led level oncapillary fingestick
Get a venous lead level to confirm elevation | fingerstick can grt false positives
53
Lead chelation therapy for kid
VENOUS (for confirmation after initial capillary fingerstick) lead level ^45 dimercaptosiccinate ^69 or encephalopathy dimercaptosuccinate DMSA And dimercaprol EDTA
54
Fluorourocil cream is used for
Actinic keratosis Or Bowen's disease (SCC in situ) And other Low Risk SCC lesions
55
TF | Falling with an object in the mouth can cause unilateral hemiplegia via carotid artery dissection
T
56
Marfanoid, lens dislocation, intellectual disability, arterial or venous thrombi Think
Homocysteinuria
57
How does maternal diebetes cause neonatal rds
Insulin suppresses cortisol So less surfactant production
58
How do intrauterine growth restriction a d maternal htn affect neonatal rds
Decrease chance of rds...
59
TF ocp's cause htn
T They can So in 39yo nononese lady with htn consider change
60
Buspirone treats
Buspirone treats GAD generalized anxiety disorder
61
Holosystolic 2/6 llsb murmur and an apical diastolic rumble in a tired skinny kid think
VSD most common congenital heart defect Holosystolic murmur is thru vsd Diastolic rumble is increased flow across mitral Pulm htn from rl shunt, later tired and sob like this kid from eisenmenger rl shunt reversal
62
Symptoms of cyanide poisoning
Headache vomiting abdominal pain flushed skin... butter almond odor if inhaled
63
Symptoms of tca toxicity
Neuro, cardiac, anticholinergic
64
Bedwetting is normal till age __ and merits no intervention before that time
Bedwetting is normal till age _5_ and merits no intervention before that time
65
Eosinophilia with gi symptoms and Myalgias with high ck and periorbital edema Vs Pulmonary symptoms Think
Trichinillosis vs Ascariasis
66
Fever in first week Abd pain and salmon rash second week Hepatosplenomegaly and abdominal complications third week Vs Fever headache retroorbital pain rash myalgias arthralgias maybe skin or nose hemorrhage Think
Typhoid fever Vs Dengue fever
67
Hematuria in Adult within 5 days of uri, mesangial deposits Vs Kid 2 weeks after uri, low c3 complement, anti aso and anti dnaseb titers, subepithelial humps
IgA nephropathy Vs PSGN or PIGN post strep or post infectious
68
Xlinked collagen iv defect Hearing loss, ocular abnormalities, hematuria, renal failure Thinning of glomerular basement membrane Think
Alport syndrome
69
Anti glomerular basement membrane disease Vs Goodpasture syndrome
Antigbm is igs against gbm that can cause rpgn or alveolar hemorrhage Goodpastures syndrome is subtype when both occur, pulmonary renal syndrome
70
TF | Opioid withdrawal can have psulychotic delusions and resolve in a short ed stay
F No delusions 3-5 day recovery Think more amphetamine intoxication
71
How does hypomagnesemia cause hypocalcemia
Hypomag causes resistance to pth and decreased pth release
72
Schizo on mri Atrophy of caudate think Orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia abnorms think
Schizo on mri - ventricular enlargement, shrunk hippocampus and amygdala Atrophy of caudate think Huntingtons Orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia abnorms think OCD
73
TF | Sarcoidosis causes proteinuria
``` F Lung heart skin eye Hilar adenopathy Systolic or diastolic heart dysfunction E nodosum Uveiitis ```
74
Trear old guy with meningitis vs transplant with meningitis
Old guy vanc ceftri amp (strep nmening list) Immunocompromised vanc amp cefipime (strep list nmening gnrs) Plus dexamethasone till strep pneumo (deafness risk) ruled out ``` Ceftri = cefotaxime = 3rd gen ceph Amp = tmpsmx for listeria cover Cefipime = ceftazidime or meropenem ```
75
What cd4 count is immunocompetent enough to get live attenuated vaccines
^200 is good enough
76
Diagnose duchenne muscular dystrophy Muscle biopsy?
Genetic testing X linked Xp21 dystrophin gene Muscle biopsy is supportive not difinitive
77
Fever malaise polyarthralgias maculopapular rash leukopenia thrombocytopenia after tropical travel think Vector Treatment
Chikengunya fever Mosquito born virus Supportive care
78
Guy stepped on nail | How do you treat for tetanus
Give Tdap if last vaccine ^10 years ago anf wound clean, ^5 years ago and wound dirty, or less than 3 doses and wound clean Add ivig if less than 3 doses and wound dirty, or to treat active tetanus infection
79
What tremor does trihexyphenidyl treat
Parkinsons | (Anticholinergic used in young or early parkinsons
80
Fetal macrosomia Omphalocele Macroglossia Hemihyperplasia Diagnosis Pathogenesis Complications Surveillance
Beckwith wiedemann syndrome 11p15 imprintment dysregulation Wilm's tumor, Hepatoblastoma AFP, abdominal/renal ultrasound
81
Greater risk factor for aortic dissection Atherosclerosis or HTN
HTN
82
4 symptoms of Li toxicity
Tremor hyperreflexia ataxia seizures
83
3 symptoms of phenytoin toxicity
NYSTAGMUS confusion ataxia
84
Greatest risk for cerebral palsy
Premature birth Then other prenatal neuro insults
85
Disseminated gonococcus symptom triad
Polyarthralgia Tenosynovitis Vesiculopustular skin lesions
86
Selection bias includes inappropriste selection Or poor ___
poor Retention is also included in Selection Bias
87
Attrition bias is a subtype of ___ bias
Attrition bias is a subtype of SELECTION bias
88
TF | SSRI's can cause SIADH in elderly
T
89
TF | SSRI's can cause SIADH in elderly
T
90
HIV screening test
HIV P24 ANTIGEN and HIV ANTIBODIES
91
Benztropine is a _____ drug used to treat ____ side effects of ____ drugs
Benztropine is a ANTICHOLINERGIC drug used to treat EXTRAPYRAMIDAL side effects of ANTIPSYCHOTIC drugs
92
Cyproheptadine is a ____ drug used to treat severe ____
Cyproheptadine is a SEROTONIN ANTAGONIST drug used to treat severe SEROTONIN SYNDROME
93
Central retinal artery occlusion is emergently treated with
Ocular massage (to monilize clot more distally And hyperbaric oxygen
94
Fever sore throat malaise headache lymphadenopathy (widespread, particularly EPITROCHLEAR SAILORS HANDSHAKE) RASH GENERALIZED INCLUDING PALMS AND SOLES Gray mucous patches Condyloma lata Dx Tx
Secondary syphilis Penicillin G - 1 intramuscular dose (lasts 3 weeks) Confirm adequacy with 4x decrease in serologic titers at 6-12 months
95
Early symptomatic meningitis then Late Generalized paralysis, Dementia, Personality changes, argyll robinson pupil loss of dtr's lost vibratory and positional sense (tabes dorsalis) Aortic aneurysm/insufficiency Cutaneous gummas Dx Tx
Tertiary syphilis Penicillin G - 1 intramuscular dose (lasts 3 weeks) Confirm adequacy with 4x decrease in serologic titers at 6-12 months
96
Palm and sole rashes
Syphilis - starts at trunk generalizes including palms and soles Rocky mountain spotted fever - starts palms somes peripherally spreads centripitally
97
LP CSF in MS
Oligoclonal bands Normal cell count, t cell prediminance, total protein, but high proportion of Ig's
98
Albuminocytologic dissociation in LP CSF Means Think
Means high protein normal cell count Think Guillan Barre syndrome
99
14-3-3 protein in csf lp Rapid dementia personality changes Startle myoclonus Dx
Prion disease (creuztfeldt jakob)
100
Pruritic tense bullae on flexural surfaces groin acilla, subepidermal cleavage, IgG deposits in basement membrane on immunofluorescence Dx
Bullous pemphigoid
101
``` Antibodies to desmosomes Flaccid bullae and ulcers Mucosal erosions Nikolsky sign sloughing with rubbing Intraepidermal cleavage Acantholysis (detached keratinocytes) Tombstone cells along basal layer Netlike Chickenwire intercellular IgG ``` Dx Tx
Pemphigus Vulgaris Steroids Wound care
102
``` Pruritic tense bullae on flexural surfaces groin acilla, subepidermal cleavage, IgG deposits in basement membrane on immunofluorescence Vs Antibodies to desmosomes Flaccid bullae and ulcers Mucosal erosions Nikolsky sign sloughing with rubbing Intraepidermal cleavage Acantholysis (detached keratinocytes) Tombstone cells along basal layer Netlike Chickenwire intercellular IgG ``` Dx
Bullous pemphigoid Vs Pemphigus vulgaris
103
Treat rhino orbital cerebral mucormycosis/rhizopus
``` Debride Amphotericin B (liposomal) Treat dka (if present, usually that or less commonly another form of immunocompromise) ```
104
``` Chronic oligoarthritis Daily fever Rash, macular, with fever Leukocytosis Thrombocytosis anemia Elevated ESR CRP In kid ``` Dx
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
105
IUD for woman with heavy menses and anemia
Levonorgestrel IUD -amenorrhea causing which can be used strategically here (Copper can cause heavy menses)
106
Early short term memory loss disorientation Later personality changes Early personality changes Apathy, compulsive behavior Visual hallucinations Parkinsonism Fluctuating cognition Ataxia, urinary incontinence Rapid progression behavioral changes, myoclonus, seizures Cognitive decline with fnd's
Alzheimers -Early short term memory loss disorientation Later personality changes Frontotemporal dementia Picks dz - Early personality changes Apathy, compulsive behavior Lewy Body Dementia - Visual hallucinations Parkinsonism Fluctuating cognition Normal pressure hudrocephalus - Ataxia, urinary incontinence Prion - Rapid progression behavioral changes, myoclonus, seizures Vascular dementia - Cognitive decline with fnd's
107
Lithium teratogenicity
Cardiac defects first trimester -septal defects, ebstein anomaly (atrialization of the ventricle) Goiter and neuromuscular dysfunction secknd and third
108
Carbemazepine and valproate teratogenicity
Craniofacial neurAl tube genutourinary
109
Abx for EHEC
Avoid -- can worsen HUS
110
Spasticity bulbar hyperteflexia Vs Fasciculations
Umn Vs Lmn
111
Galactosemia causes ___ hyperbilirubinemia And ___ and ___ due to ___
Galactosemia causes CONJUGATED hyperbilirubinemia And VOMITING and GROWTH FAILURE due to INABILITY TO DIGEST GALACTOSE IN MILK
112
Bili threshold for phototherapy vs exchange transfusion
20 for photo | 25 or neuro symptoms for exchange transfusion
113
Normal breast feeding frequency for newborn
20-60 minutes (half at each breast) at least q3 hours
114
Dermatophyte tinea capitis LAD? Tx?
Yes can have lymphadenopathy Oral griseofulvin or terbinafine Selenium sulfide or ketoconazole shampoo for prevention
115
Antidote fir methemoglobinemia
Methykene blue -- reduces met ferric 2 hb back to ferrous 3 hb
116
Dimercaprol is antidote for
Lead poisoning, chelating agent
117
Fomepizole is antidote for
Methanol or Ethylene glycolr Inhibits alc dehydrogenase and conversion to toxic metabolites
118
Glucagon is antidote for
BB or CCB Glucagon activated adenylate cyclase increasing intracellular ca and contractility
119
Pralidoxime is antidote for
AchE inhibitors (eg organophosphstes) Given with Atropine
120
``` Methylene blue Dimercaprol Fomepizole Glucagon Pralidoxime ```
Antidotes ``` Methylene blue - methemoglobinemia Dimercaprol - lead poisoning Fomepizole - methanol or ethylene glycol Glucagon - BB or CCB Pralidoxime - AchE inhibitors (eg organophosphstes) Given with Atropine ```
121
Acetazolamide is a diuretic used to treat
Pseudotumor cerebri | Eg in obese women with headache and visual changes
122
Associated trisomy ntd's cardiac defects with Gastroschisis vs Omphalocele
With Ophalocele yes Gastroschisis usually isolated
123
Kallman syndrome
Normal karyotype, x-linked recessive Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism Rhinencephalon hypoplasia Anosmia
124
Iatrogenic causes of idiopathic intracranial hypertension pseudotumor ceribri
Tetracyclines | Hypervotaminosis A isotretinoin
125
What to check before starting pt on clozapine or olanzapine
Fasting glucose and lipids waist circ bmi bp -matabolic effects, weigt gain (second gen antipsychotics) (Clozagranulocytosis only clozapine not olanzapine..follow cbcs with clozapine)
126
What antipsychotic needs ekg minitoring
Ziprasidone | Atypical antipsychotic
127
2nd line syphilis treatment
Doxy for 1 and 2 and latent Ceftriaxonefor tertiary (Benzathine Penicillin G 1st line unless allergy)
128
How young with first febrile uti merits 1-2 wks abx and renal us to rule out anatomic predispositon
v2 years -- higher risk of complication from first febrile uti
129
Torus palatinus Define/Presentation Manage
Benign chronic bony growth at midline suture of hard palate, congenital/environmental, most common young female asians Manage ntd unless symptomatic/problematic — thin epithelium easy bleeding slow healing poor vascular supply, interference within speech swallowing eating denture fitting etc
130
Young patient fleshy immobile hard mass midline soft palate Most likely diagnosis Manage
Torus palatinus Benign chronic bony growth at midline suture of hard palate, congenital/environmental, most common young female asians Manage ntd unless symptomatic/problematic — thin epithelium easy bleeding slow healing poor vascular supply, interference within speech swallowing eating denture fitting etc
131
``` Normal at birth, gradual apathy weakness hypotonia sluggish movement large tongue abdominal bloatig umbilical hernia... pathalogic jaundice, difficulty breathing, noisy breathing, hypothermia, refractory macrocytic anemia Think Presentation Cause Diagnose Treat ```
think Congenital hypothyroidism present as Foreigner/lack of prenatal care, developes these symptoms over... weeks i think, presenting ~1 month old or so (Neonates routinely screened in the US with serum TSH and T4, screened for other inborn errors lf metabolism galactosemia and phenylketonuria too) caused by thyroid dysgenesis (aplasia, hypoplasia, ectopia) most often... also inborn error of thyroxine synthesis, transplacental maternal thyrotropin receptor blocking antibodies less commonly dx with serum TSH and T4 treat with Levothyroxine 10mcg/kg then titrate as approproate
132
Another cause of floppy baby syndrome other than infant botulism
Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome | autosomal recessive degeneration of anterior horn cells and cranial nerve nuclei
133
``` Congenital Muscle weakness and atrophy especially in distal extremities Myotonia Testicular atrophy Baldness ``` Think Inheritance
Myotonic congenital myopathy | autosomal dominant
134
Pediatric form of Myasthenia Gravis occurs when
Late childhood or adolescence
135
When to get electrolyte panel for kid with allarent febrile seizure
If in the setting of vomiting diarrhea or dehydration If appears well hydrated with no other symptoms, don’t worry about it
136
``` Febrile seizure Risk factors 4 diagnostic criteria Management, hospitalize? Prognosis ```
Fever from mild viral/bacterial illness, family history of febrile seizures are risk factors 3mos-6years old No afebrile seizures No meningitis or encephalitis No acute metabolic cause ``` Abort seizure if ^5 min Treat cause if possible Tylenol antipyresis for comfort (will not impact future seizures) Reassurance, no need to hospitalize for obs ``` Does Not impact development or intelligence,30% reoccur, 5% become epileptic,
137
_______ is an aggressive, rapidly growing tumor that involve the distal ileum and present as intussusception and massive ascites
Burkitt Lymphoma is an aggressive, rapidly growing tumor that involve the distal ileum and present as intussusception and massive ascites
138
How can Henoch Schonlein Purpura cause intussusception? What are the first manifestations of HSP usually?
HSP autoimmune vasculitis can cause a bowel hematoma that acts as a lead point for intussusception Usually palpable purpura and joint pain
139
Pt older than 2 with recurrent intussusception you must think
Pathalogical lead point (not just peyers patches hypertrophy from viral illness like less than 2yos)
140
___ muscular dystrophy is injerited by ___ pattern and characterized by grip myotonia, facial weakness, foot drop, dysphagia, cardiac conduction abnorms... also baldness cataracts testicular atrophy
myotonic muscular dystrophy is injerited by autosomal recessive pattern and characterized by grip myotonia, facial weakness, foot drop, dysphagia, cardiac conduction abnorms... also baldness cataracts testicular atrophy

Random (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions