Rapid fire review Flashcards by Elizabeth DeGroot

Elderly woman, SBO, and air in biliary tract

Gallstone ileus

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Elderly woman with pain down inner aspect of thigh

Obturator hernia (Howship-Romberg sign)

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Abdominal pain, hypotension, and abdominal pulsatile mass

Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

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Abdominal pain “out of proportion” to abdominal exam

Mesenteric ischemia

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Arm pain and syncope with arm movement

Subclavian steal syndrome

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Increasing creatinine on ACE inhibitor

Renal artery stenosis

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Child with MIDLINE neck mass

Thyroglossal duct cyst

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Child with LATERAL neck mass

Branchial cleft cyst

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Crush injury and dark urine

Myoglobinuria

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Emesis, chest pain radiating to back, and mediastinal air

Boerhaave’s

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Lower GI bleed +technetium pertechnetate scan

Meckel’s diverticulum

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Flushing, diarrhea, and right-sided heart failure

Carcinoid

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Pneumaturia and LLQ pain

Colovesicular fistula

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Desmoid tumor, osteoma, and colon cancer

Gardner’s syndrome

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Epigastric pain radiating to back and flank ecchymosis

Hemorrhagic pancreatitis

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Pancreatitis and palpable epigastric mass

Pancreatic pseudocyst

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Liver abscess with “anchovy paste”

Amebic abscess

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RUQ pain, travel, and exposure to sheep

Hydatid cyst

Echinococcus granulosus

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Caput medusa

Portal hypertension

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45-year-old woman with RUQ pain for 12 hours, fever, and leukocytosis

Acute cholecystitis

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Elderly man with large nontender palpable gallbladder

Pancreatic cancer (Courvoisier’s sign)

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Female taking birth control pills with liver mass

Hepatic adenoma

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Liver tumor with “central scar”

Focal nodular hyperplasia

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Pancreatic mass, gallstones, diabetes, and diarrhea

Somatostatinoma

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RUQ bruit and CHF in young adult

Liver hemangioma

Excruciating pain with bowel movement

Anal fissure

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anal fistulae

Crohn’s disease

Buccal mucosa with pigmentation

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

LLQ pain, fever, and change in bowel habits

Diverticulitis

Elevated urine 5-HIAA

Carcinoid

Institutionalized, abdominal pain, vomiting, and distention, with proximal colonic dilation

Sigmoid volvulus

Newborn with failure to pass meconium in first 24 hours

Hirschsprung’s

Infant with bilious vomiting

Malrotation

Newborn with abdominal defect and umbilical cord on sac

Omphalocele

Teenager with knee pain and “onion skinning” on x-ray

Ewing’s sarcoma

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure less than 18, CXR with bilateral pul- monary infiltrates, and PaO2:FiO2 ratio less than 200

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Increased peak airway pressure, low urine output, and urinary bladder greater than 􏰄25 mmHg

Abdominal compartment syndrome

Newborn with inability to “pass an NGT”

Esophageal atresia

Traumatic blinding in one eye followed by blindness in the contralateral eye 2 weeks later

Sympathetic ophthalmia

Mitotic pupil, ptosis, and anhydrosis

Horner’s syndrome

Traumatic head injury, conscious in ER followed by unconsciousness

Epidural hematoma (“lucid interval”)

Hematuria, flank pain, and abdominal mass (palpable)

RCC

60-year-old white man with painless hematuria

Bladder cancer

RUQ pain, jaundice, and fever

Cholangitis

Epigastric pain radiating to back, with nausea and vomiting

Pancreatitis

Chest pain radiating to back and described as a “tearing” pain

Aortic dissection

40-year-old man with tachycardia/ hypertension | and confusion on postoperative day #2

Alcohol withdrawal

Marfanoid body habitus and mucosal neuromas

MEN II-b

Psammoma bodies

Papillary thyroid cancer

Thyroid tumor with AMYLOID tissue

Thyroid medullary cancer

PALPABLE neck tumor and hypercalcemia

Parathyroid cancer

Hypertension, diaphoresis (episodic), and palpitations

Pheochromocytoma

Jejunal ulcers

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Pituitary tumor, pancreatic tumor, and parathyroid tumor

MEN- I

Necrotizing migratory erythema

Glucagonoma

Medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism

MEN-IIa

Hypokalemia refractory to IV potassium | supplementation

Hypomagnesemia

Newborn with pneumatosis

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)

Child with abdominal mass that crosses midline

Neuroblastoma

Child younger than 4 years of age with abdominal tumor that does NOT cross midline

Wilms’ tumor

“Currant jelly” stools and abdominal colic

Intussusception

Femur fracture, respiratory failure, petechiae, and mental status changes

Fat embolism

Hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo

Ménière’s disease

Adolescent boy with nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

Child younger than 5 years of age sitting upright and drooling, with “hot- potato” voice

Epiglottitis

Angina, syncope, and CHF

Aortic stenosis

Tobacco use, asbestos exposure, and pleuritic chest pain

Mesothelioma

Supracondylar fracture and contracture of forearm flexors

Volkmann’s contracture

Tibia fracture, “pain out of proportion,” pain on passive foot movement, and palpable pulses

Compartment syndrome

25-year-old man with liver mass with fibrous septae and NO history of cirrhosis or hepatitis

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

EKG with flattening of T waves and U waves

Hypokalemia

Central pontine myelinosis

Too-rapid correction of hyponatremia

Polydipsia, polyuria, and constipation

Hypercalcemia

Factor VIII deficiency

Hemophilia A

Abdominal pain, fever, hypotension, HYPERkalemia, and HYPOnatremia

Adrenal insufficiency (Addisonian crisis)

Massive urine output and HYPERnatremia

Diabetes insipidus

Increased urine osmolality, | HYPOnatremia, and low serum osmolality

SIADH

IV antibiotics, fever, diarrhea

Clostridium difficile pseudomembranous colitis

Bleeding gums and wound dehiscence

Vitamin C deficiency

Fever, central line, and HYPERglycemia

Central line infection

Appendectomy followed by fever and abdominal pain on post- operative day #7

Peritoneal abscess

Advancing crepitus, fever, and blood blisters

Necrotizing fasciitis

High INTRAoperative fever

Malignant hyperthermia

Confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Tracheal deviation, decreased breath sounds, and hyperresonance

Tension pneumothorax

Hypotension, decreased heart sounds, and JVD

Pericardial tamponade

Four ribs broken in two places and | pulmonary contusion

Flail chest

Otorrhea (clear) and Battle’s sign

Basilar skull fracture

Ulcer and decreased pain with food

Duodenal ulcer

Vomiting, retching, and epigastric pain

Mallory-Weiss tear

Fever on postoperative day #1, with “bronze” weeping, tender wound

Clostridial wound infection

Hematochezia and tenesmus

Rectal cancer

Upper GI bleed, jaundice, and RUQ pain

Hemobilia

Gallstones, epigastric pain radiating to back, and nausea

Gallstone pancreatitis

18-year-old woman with bloody nipple discharge

Ductal papilloma

Irritability, diaphoresis, weakness, tremulousness, and palpitations

Insulinoma

Rapid fire review Flashcards

(96 cards)