Rate limiting Step Enzymes Flashcards
name the enzyme in the rate limiting step of Fatty Acid synthesis
name the positive and negative regulators of that enzyme
Acetyl coA carboxylase (needs biotin)
positive regulators are citrate and insulin
negative regulators are glucagon, epinephrin, AMP, palmitate, PUFA
name the enzyme in the rate limiting step of Fatty Acid degradation
how is this enzyme regulated?
carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1)
negatively regulated by malonyl coA
name the enzyme in the rate limiting step of glycolysis
name the positive and negative regulators of that enzyme
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)
Positive regulators are AMP, Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
negative regulators are ATP, Citrate, and H+
name the enzyme that is involved in the committed step of purine nucleotide synthesis
name the regulators of this enzyme
PRPP amidotransferase
positively regulated by PRPP
negatively regulated by purines
name the enzyme involved in the rate limiting step of glycogenesis
name the regulators of this enzyme
glycogen synthase
positively regulated by dephosphorylation, ATP, Insulin
name the enzyme in the rate limiting step of glycogenolysis
name the regulators of this enzyme
Glycogen phosphorylase
(vitamin B6 as co factor)
positively regulated by glucagon, AMP, and calcium (in muscle)
name the enzyme involved the rate limiting step of the Citric Acid cycle (TSA or Krebs cycle)
how is this enzyme and process regulated?
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
in a high energy state Citric Acid Cycle is turned down
in a low energy state Citric Acid Cycle is turned up
name the enzyme involved in the rate limiting step of the Urea Cycle
how is this regulated
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
positively regulated by NAG
name the enzyme involved in the rate limiting step of gluconeogenesis
name it regulators
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase
postitive regulators are citrate
negative regulators are AMP and Fructose 2,6 BP
