Rate Of Reaction Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the factors that affect reaction rate
- concentration
- pressure
- temperature
- surface area
How does concentration affect the ROR
Concentration is measuring the amount or number of particles in a given volume,
It is increased by increasing the number of particles while keeping the volume the same or decreasing the volume and keeping the particles the same
How does pressure affect the ROR
The number of ‘fruitful’ collisions of two products
If pressure is increased, volume will decrease, this results in an increase of concentration
What is required for a reaction to occur
For a reaction to occur, two products must collide with sufficient energy, they must also be in the correct orientation
What is a fruitful collision
A collison resulting in a reaction
How does Temperature affect ROR
Increasing temperature increases average kintetic energy of particles, more of them will have the sufficient energy to react meaning more fruitful collisions
How does surface area affect the ROR
Increased surface area means a bigger collision rate in a given period of time,
Increasing the surface area resuts an increase of reaction rates
What is activation energy
the minimum amount of extra energy required by a reacting molecule to get converted into a product
What is an enzyme
Proteins that act as catalysts in biological systems.
What is collision theory
chemical reactions occur only when the reactant particles collide with sufficient energy to react in the right orientation
What are linear and non linear graphs
Straight and non straight lines in a graph
What is a systematic and random error
Systematic: an error that is because of a reason
Random: an error that is because of chance
What is a categoric variable
numerical variable which has any possible value.
Examples are race, sex, age group, and educational level.
What is a Continuous variable
variable that can take on any value within a range.
Examples are mass, temperature, energy, speed, length
What go on the x and y axis of a line graph
Independant on the x axis (normally)
Dependant variable on the y axis e.g. time
What is an endothermic and exothermic reaction
Endothermic: absorb energy to form products - decrease in temperature of surroundings
Exothermic: energy is released and reactants convert into products - temperature increases
What are the properties of a reaction when it reaches ‘equilibrium’
At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal.
The concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.
What does it mean bu in equilibrium
Equilibrium is the point in a chemical reaction when the rate of the forward reaction (reactants turning into products) is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction (products turning back into reactants
What other option than a gas syringe can i use to get better accuracy
Burette, measuring cylinder
