Rates of evolution Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is a phylogenetic tree
a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms
a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms
What is a phylogenetic tree
What is a branch in a phylogenetic tree
show the path of transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next
show the path of transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next
What is a branch in a phylogenetic tree
What is a node in a phylogenetic tree
represents a branching point from the ancestral population
represents a branching point from the ancestral population
What is a node in a phylogenetic tree
4 parts of phylogenetic tree
branches, nodes, and (in rooted trees) the root
ranches, nodes, and (in rooted trees) the root
4 parts of phylogenetic tree
What is a three-way split in a phylogenetic tree
Polytomy
Polytomy
What is a three-way split in a phylogenetic tree
Rate of evolution def
the speed of genetic or morphological change in a lineage over a period of time
the speed of genetic or morphological change in a lineage over a period of time
Rate of evolution def
2 types of rates of evolution
- Punctuated Equilibrium
- Gradualism
- Punctuated Equilibrium
- Gradualism
2 types of rates of evolution
Gradualism
A theory of evolution which states that changes such as speciation can occur through accumulation of mutations over long periods of time. It provides an explanation of why some oraganisms do not appear to have a recent common ancestor with other organisms
A theory of evolution which states that changes such as speciation can occur through accumulation of mutations over long periods of time. It provides an explanation of why some oraganisms do not appear to have a recent common ancestor with other organisms
Gradualism
Example of gradualism
Tuatara
Tuatara
Example of gradualism
Punctuated equilibrium def
A theory of evolution that states changes such as speciation can occur relatively quickly, with long periods of little change in between.
A theory of evolution that states changes such as speciation can occur relatively quickly, with long periods of little change in between.
Punctuated equilibrium def
What does punctuated equilibrium explain
Evolutionary patterns of the relatively sudden appearance of new species in a geologically short period and the lack of substantial change of species during their existence
Example of punctuated equilibrium
Tyrannosaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Example of punctuated equilibrium
What is adaptive radiation
A form of punctuated equilibrium. Rapid change in the environment makes multiple ecological niches available over a short period of time
