Rates of Reaction Flashcards
Define Rates of Reaction
The change in concentration per unit time of either a reactant or product
How do you calculate rate of reaction
change in product over change in time
What are the requirements for an effective collision
Correct orientation
Sufficient energy (kinetic energy greater or equal to activation energy)
What are the factors that influence the rate of reaction
1- Nature of the Particles
2- Temperture
3-Concentration
4-Surface area
5- Pressure
6-catalyst
Explain the collision theory
model that explains that a reaction will only procced when reactants particles collide effectively
What is the instaneous rate of reaction
the gradient of the graph
What is the average rate of reaction
total change in products/reactants over the change in time
How does the Nature of collisions effect rate of change
The more reactive an element is the smaller the activation energy. This results in more effective collisions per unit time
How does Temperature effect the rate of reactions
increases the average kinetic energy of the particles and the number of collisions per unit time. This means more particles will have energy greater than or equal to the activation energy there will be more effective collisions per unit time
How does the concentration effect the rate of collisions
increases the number of particles per unit volume
the more particles per unit volume the more collisions per unit time
How does the Surface Area influence the rate of reaction
increasing the surface area, a larger portion of the solid is exposed which allows for more collisions per unit time
the surface by dividing a solid into smaller pieces. the more it is divided the faster the rate of the reaction
How does the pressure of a gas influence the rate of reaction
A decrease in volume increases the pressure. increases pressure increases the concentration of the gas resulting in more collisions per unit time time therefore more effective collisions
How does a catalyst influence the rate of the reaction
decreases the activation energy, the more particles will have kinetic energy greater or equal to the activation energy thereofre more effective collisions will take place
How does temperature effect the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution curve
- increase, kinetic energy will increase the energy of every molecule is increased and the peak down and to the right
decrease, kinetic energy of the system decreases. peak shifts up and to the left
