Rationale-P Flashcards
(26 cards)
The following are classified as endogenous choline esters except:
a. betanechol
b. Pilocarpine
c. Carbachol
d.metacholine
b. Pilocarpine
Evaluate the following statement
I. A drug with low therapeutic index is considered to be safer.
II. Therapeutic index is the quotient of median toxic dose over the median effective dose
a. only the first statement is true
b. only the second statement is true
c. both statement are true
d. both statement is false
b. only the second statement is true
Evaluate the following statement
I. Neurotransmitters travel in the blood once produced and act on different tissues and organs after distributions.
II. Epinephrine is a hormones
a. only the first statement is true
b. only the second statement is true
c. both statement are true
d. both statement is false
b. only the second statement is true
Potency is define as
a. maximum achievable response
b. smallest dose that produces maximum effect
c. degree of change in response with change in dose
d. dose that produce 50% of the maximum response
d. dose that produce 50% of the maximum response
Drug x and Drug y share the same receptor with different effects. However, by decreasing the dose of drug x, the effect of drug y becomes more pronounced. what can you infer from such case?
a. competitive interaction
b. non-competitive interaction
c. functional antagonism
d. allosteric antagonism
a. competitive interaction
VSG developed an allergy after taking one shot of a drink. he was given benadryl (r) afterwards. what is the probable mechanism involved in the action of such drug?
a. physiologic antagonism
b. antagonist action
c. competitive antagonism
d. chemical antagonism
a. physiologic antagonism
Across a selectively permeable membrane, which of the following would more likely to pass through easily form absorption
a. a drug with high molecular weight
b. dissociated form of a drug
c. a compound with high polarity
d. a chemical that has liphophilic character
d. a chemical that has liphophilic character
Which of the following requires a prescription?
a. flanax 275mg
b. flanax 525mg
c. a and b
d. neither a nor b
b. flanax 525mg
it refers to any substance that binds to a receptor
a. chelate
b. ligand
c. complex
d.enzyme
b. ligand
It involves the study of rational drug use in the management of diseases.
a. Pharmacodynamics
b. Pharmacotherapeutics
c. Pharmacokinetics
d. Pharmacology
b. Pharmacotherapeutics
Fick’s law of diffusion says that the rate of diffusion across a membrane is ______ to the difference in drug concentration on each side of the membrane
a. Directly proportional
b. Inversely proportional
c. indepent
d. none of these
a. Directly proportional
Measure of the fraction of the dose that reaches the systemic circulation
a. bioavailability
b. bioequivalence
c. absorption
d. first pass effect
a. bioavailability
antagonist possesses the following characteristics except:
I. drug affinity
II. intrinsic activity
III. ability to bind to the receptor
Iv. reversed pharmacologic action of the receptor
a. I,II,III,IV
b. I,II
c. I,II,III
d. IV
d. IV
Graph of the number of patient that responds to a specified dose
a. graded-dose response
b. Quantal-dose response curve
c. therapeutic index
d. a and b
b. Quantal-dose response curve
a drug molecule that does not posses biologic activity by itself but is converted in the body to active metabolite is called a/ an
a. orphan drug
b. antagonist
c. prototype drug
d. prodrug
d. prodrug
Which of the following findings can be seen consistent with an overdose of or accidental exposure of cholinergic agent like organophosphate
a. constipation
b. mydriasis
c. vasodilation
d. vomiting
d. vomiting
Which of the following types of drugs bind to a receptor and produce an effect similar to that of the endogenous ligand?
a. inverse agonist
b. agonist
c. partial agonist
d. antagonist
b. agonist
Drug x bind to drug y. as a result, inactive complex is formed. this type of antagonist is called?
a. competitive antagonism
b. non-competitive antagonism
c. physiologic antagonism
d, chemical antagonism
e. partial antagonism
d, chemical antagonism
Which of the following is the main organ for biotransformation?
a. liver
b. small intestine
c. kidney
d. pancrease
a. liver
Which of the following is statement correct?
a. if 10mg of drug A produces the same response as 100mg of drug B, drug A is more potent than Drug B
b. The greatest the efficacy, the greater the potency of the drug
c. In selecting a drug, potency is usually more important than efficacy
d. a competitive antagonist increase ED50
a. if 10mg of drug A produces the same response as 100mg of drug B, drug A is more potent than Drug B
Which of the following is a characteristic of parasympathetic stimulation?
a. decrease intestinal motility
b. inhibition of the bronchial motility
c. constriction of the pupil of the eye
d. urinary retention
c. constriction of the pupil of the eye
It refers to the fate of the drug during their sojourn through the body
a. pharmacokinetics
b. pharmacodynamics
c. pharmacotherapeutics
d. pharmacogenetics
a. pharmacokinetics
Sodium Pump is a special type of
A. Convective transport
b. active transport
c. passive transport
d. ion-pair transport
b. active transport
The following drugs act as replenishers except:
a. Vitamins
b. acetylcholine
c. Insulin
D. Naproxen
D. Naproxen
